Ancient Israel

1
Ancient Israel

• Chapter 3

2
Israel

• Where is Israel located?
• - Middle East
• - Borders
• - Mediterranean Sea (West)
• - Syria Jordan (East)
• - Lebanon (North)
• - Egypt (South)

3
Scale

• What is scale?
• - distance between map and distance to
  earth
• Large Scale

4
Small Scale??

• Birmingham, AL

5
Jerusalem
6
Ch. 3 Sec. 1

• The First Israelites

7
The Land of Canaan

• Canaan Israel
• 1200 B.C.
• Kingdom built by the Israelites
• Canaan is the early name for what is often
  called Israel and Palestine today
• Extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the Jordan
  River

8
The First Israelites

• Mesopotamia
• Herders and Traders settled in this area
• Descendants of Abraham

9
Single!!

• Monotheism the belief in one god
• Little did they know that their religious ideas
  would one day affect the world
• Christianity is the largest religion today
• Islam is the second largest

10
Judaism

• The Israelite faith became known as Judaism
• Jews
• - Jews Americans
• Language??
• - Hebrew
• - The first bible written in Hebrew

11
Jewish Facts
Of the some 15 million Jewish people in the world
today

• Around 4.5 million are in Israel
• Some 7 million are in North America
• Approx. 1 million are in countries that were
  part of the former Soviet Union
• Approx. 2 million are spread throughout
  European countries

12
Canaan to Egypt

• Drought
• Famine forces Israelites to move to Egypt for
  survival
• How long??
• 100 years

13
10 Plagues of Egypt

• What is a plague? Something that causes problems
  for a lot of people
• Exodus- the escape of the Israelites from their
  captivity in Egypt
• The Hebrew God cursed Egypt with 10 plagues in
  order for Ramses II to free the Israelites

14
Plagues of Egypt

• 1. The Nile turned to blood
• 2. Frogs
• 3. Fleas and Lice
• 4. Flies
• 5. Disease Epidemic
• Result Extermination of livestock
• 6. Boils
• 7. Hail Storm

15
Plagues of Egypt

• 8. Locusts
• 9. Darkness
• 3 Days
• 10. Death of the firstborn son
• Convinced the pharaoh to release the Israelites
• Jews celebrate a holiday called Passover to
  remember how their God passed over their homes

16
A Change of Plans

• Ramses changed his mind and sent his army after
  the Israelites
• According to the Bible, the Hebrew God parted the
  Red Sea to let the Israelites pass
• When the Egyptian army followed the water flowed
  back and drowned the soldiers

17
The Red Sea
18
40 Year Journey

• Moses
• Led the Israelites back to Canaan
• Received laws from God known as the Torah on Mt.
  Sinai
• Most important part of the Torah??
• - Ten Commandments
• Moses doesnt live to see the Promised Land

19
Battle for Canaan

• The Canaanites had taken over their land
• Joshua leads the Israelites into battle
• Battle of Jericho
• Israelites control hills in central area
• Canaanites control coastal, outlying area

20
Jericho

• One of the oldest known communities in the world

21
The Phoenicians

• Skilled traders and sailors who shipped goods
  across the Mediterranean
• Phoenician Alphabet
• Influenced Greek and Romans ? West

22
Philistines

• Strongest group in Canaan
• Why??
• - Iron tools and weapons

23
Ch. 3 Sec. 2

• A Line of Kings

24
King Saul

• A king was needed to unite the Israelites against
  the Philistines
• Public lost support of the traditional
• system of rule by judge
• Appointed by the prophet Samuel
• prophet a man of god,
• often led by god to spread his word

25
King Saul Facts

• Tall and handsome
• Young farmer
• At first refused to be king
• Military hero
• Greed and pride lead their God to name a new king
• King David

26
King David

• Saul considered David a rival
• Ruled for 40 years
• 1010 B.C. 970 B.C.
• Led the Israelites successfully
• into battle against the Phillistines

27
A Man of Many Talents

• Shepherd boy
• Musician for Saul
• Jealous of David because of military success
• Plotted to kill David
• King of Judah
• Expanded his empire
• through heavy taxes

28
King Solomon

• Son of David
• Proverbs
• - wise sayings
• - pg. 89
• Built elaborate temples
• - centers for Judaism

29
The Fall of Solomon

• Heavy taxes
• Northern Israelite rebels
• Israel divides
• - Israel (north), capital- Samaria
• - Judah (south), capital- Jerusalem

30
Judah
31
Fall of Israel

• Assyrians Chaldeans take over
• 722 B.C. Assyrians take over
• - 10 remaining tribes scatter
• - lost tribes of Israel
• Settled in Samaria
• - Samaritans

32
Fall of Judah

• Egypt takes over 620 B.C.
• Chaldeans take over 605 B.C.
• Babylonian Captivity (597 B.C. 586 B.C.)
• - Nebuchadnezzar
• - revolt leads to temples destroyed, king
  captured, and thousands of Jews led to Babylon