Climate Change - PPT 1

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Sustainability Leadership  Mr. Howard Shaw
Executive Director Singapore Environment
Council
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(No Transcript)
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LIVING PLANET INDEX
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WORLD CO2 EMISSIONS FROM FOSSIL FUELS
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• Energy Demand
•  
• By 2050
• 9 billion people, 2.5 billion more than today
•  
• 2 billion cars, double the number today
•   
• China and India dominate Asias energy demand,
  with China alone accounting for 40 of primary
  energy needs China will be responsible for 60
  of emissions
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• Double the energy, using twice as much energy as
  now
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•                
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•  
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•  

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Three hard truths will shape the future of the
ecosystem

• Surge in energy demand
• Supply of Resources will struggle to keep pace
• Environmental stressesare increasing

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• Energy
• Climate Change
• Impacts from climate change
• Temperature rise
• sea level rise
• massive biodiversity loss
• increase of extreme events
• Depletion of fresh water resources
• Increase of vector born diseases
• economic and social instabilities
• .
• Climate change is real and a very serious threat
  to global stability

The greatest challenge of the 21st century
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People at the heart of the storylines
individually and collectively

• People choose the easiest option for them
• Fear is not enough to change behaviours
• Climate change is too difficult
• Delegating action to the state
• Adapt rather than change

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Solution Biofuel Generation from Algae

• The current biofuel production process is highly
  unsustainable (land use, energy requirements) gt
  negative impact on agriculture
• Biofuel generated from algae could solve these
  issues
• - saving in energy
• - saving in land use
• - high yield
• Fuel of the future?

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Solution Carbon Sequestration

• Sequestrating carbon emissions
• underground is a safe process
• Similar technology used for the
• extraction of natural gas can be
• applied
• The carbon will remain trapped
• for millions of years

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Solution Renewable Energies on a Large Scale

• A combine use of renewable energy sources could
  meet our current energy needs
• Solar energy (photovoltaic and thermal)
• Hydroelectric energy
• Wind energy
• Geothermal energy
• Ocean Thermal energy
• Ocean wave energy
• Tidal and currents energy
• These technologies are available today
• We must however rapidly make the shift going away
  from fossil fuel based energies

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Solution Sustainable Transportation

• Transportation accounts for almost one third of
  all greenhouse gas emissions
• Improving energy efficiency and emission reducing
  technologies within transport is a priority
• Hybrids
• Fuel cells
• CNG vehicles
• Mass public transportation
• Human energy vehicles
• Solar and wind energy vehicles

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Tesla Roadster

• 0 60 mph in 3.9 Secs
• 244 mile range
• 2 X more efficient than a Prius

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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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Source McKinsey Company - Pathways to a Low
Carbon Economy 2009
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Hope Nuclear Fusion

• Currently used nuclear fission is a clean process
  when it comes to emissions but it generates
  radioactive waste and poses security risks
• Fusion is the energy of the future by excellence
• Clean process occurring within the sun
• It can be done
• Major problems remaining to be solved
• Maintaining a stable reaction
• Confining the extremely hot plasma
• We might be able to harvest fusion energy in 50
  years time
• However, our climate will not waitother
  alternatives must be put into place

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Waste Facts

• Cities are growing fast
• Landfills are reaching saturation/ incineration
  produces emissions
• Waste has a lot of value but is not exploited
• We must shift from a global unsustainable waste
  management model to a sustainable one

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Garbage Output

• Waste Output 2002 7,677 tonnes/day
• Equivalent to 1,100 truck loads!
• Equivalent to 2.8 million tonnes/yr
• If stacked to an average mans height (1.7m), it
  would occupy 350 football fields

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Tuas South Incineration Plant
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Waste Disposal at Pulau Semakau
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Pulau Semakau Landfill

• Completed 1999
• Cost 610 million
• Life Span 30 years
• 350 hectare

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Pulau Semakau Yesterday 5 Nov 2009
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Solution Waste to Energy

• By 2050 80 of the world population will be
  living in mega cities
• The tremendous amount of waste generated can be
  valued
• Entire cities can be powered out of energy
  generated from waste
• Capture of gases (CO2 CH4)
• Use of heat energy generated from the
  decomposition process

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Solution Waste Engineering

• Non-traditional waste recovery
• Bio-plastics
• Hi-Tech Hi Value Add

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Solution Traditional Recycling

• Value waste
• Use of recycled content within products
• Reduce massive consumerisms
• Educating the community
• Implementation of infrastructures to treat the
  waste accordingly

Technology will not solve all our problems, we
must also change our behaviors
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• Nature conservation
• Facts
• . Species are going extinct at least 1000 times
  faster than the natural rate
• We could lose 30-40 of all species on the
  planet through the impacts of climate change
  alone by the end of the century
• At the current rate primary forests will have
  completely disappeared in places such as Borneo
  or PNG within 20-30 years

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Solution Sustainable Cities

• Cities of the future must incorporate nature
  (green walls, green roof tops, natural parks,
  connectors)
• Green buildings (energy efficiency)
• Good water management
• Good waste management
• Most importantly, biodiversity and natural
  ecosystems around cities should be preserved at
  all costs
• They have a critical role to play

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Solution Learning from Nature

• We have a lot to learn from our environment
• We must understand that there is tremendous
  amount of knowledge which will disappear with the
  loss of biodiversity
• Potential remedies and medicines
• Potential for optimal design (biomimetics)
• The preservation of biodiversity is crucial in
  our own interest

Biomimetics is the study of nature to come up
with innovative ideas and optimal designs
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We know more about our solar system them we do
about life in the deep oceans of our own planet!
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Solution Valuing Nature

• There is a lot of economical gain in
• preserving our environment
• Revenues generated from
• Ecotourism
• Agroforestry
• Medicines
• We must learn to work with our environment and
  not against it
• The destruction and loss of natural ecosystems
  will end up costing much more than their
  destruction for short term profit

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Share your knowledge

• Awareness
• In order to judge we need to know what we are
  losing
• Sharing of knowledge gt Snow-Ball effect
• Awareness is primordial
• Small actions by individuals can lead to
  significant changes if applied on a large scale

You are in a position to influence people
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Schools Green Audit Awards

• Schools achieve awards of varying levels based on
  their performance in environmental audits.

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Project Carbon Zero
www.climatechange.sg
180 in contest trial. Average 22 reduction
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Current Model vs. Future Sustainable Society

• At the current rate we will
• need at least 2 planet Earth
• by 2050
• Our current business model
• Is not sustainable

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OUR BANK
DEPOSITS
DEPOSITS
ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION NATURAL RESTORATION
WITHDRAWALS
ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION NATURAL RESTORATION
WITHDRAWALS
USE OF RESOURCES POLLUTION
USE OF RESOURCES POLLUTION
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Thank you for your attention www.sec.org.sg
The SEC team