INDUSTRIAL WASTE RECOVERY BEST PRACTICES

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INDUSTRIAL WASTE RECOVERY BEST PRACTICES

• Associate Professor Dr. Sombat Teekasap
• Honorarium Chairman, Environmental Management
  Industry Club,
• Advisory Board Chairman, Renewable Energy
  Industry Club, and
• Vice Chairman, Executive Environment Institute
  Committee,
• Federation of Thai Industries,
• Dean of Engineering, Eastern Asia University

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TOPICS

• Development and trends of industrial waste
  recovery in Thailand
• Waste recovery infrastructure
• Effective waste recovery system
• Technological development of industrial waste
  recovery

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Development and trends of industrial waste
recovery in Thailand
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MAJOR FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION
CONTROL
Governmental Intervention
Multi-stakeholder Engagement
Corporate Social Responsibility
Solid Foundation for a Sustainable Society
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SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT

• Economically affordable
• Socially acceptable
• Environmentally effective

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WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

• Reduce amount of waste generated.
• Develop Integrated Waste Management system to
  handle the inevitable waste produced
• - Reuse
• - Recycle

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CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

• Integrated Holistic System Approach waste
  materials, source of waste, collection methods,
  treatment methods (recycling, energy recovery,
  anaerobic digestion, composting, landfill)
• Market Oriented materials and energy must have
  end use and generate income.
• Flexibility appropriate adaptability and
  constant improvement.
• Scale
• Social Acceptability

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COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE VOLUME ACCORDING TO AREAS
Area Population Amount of Solid Waste Amount of Solid Waste Solid Waste Rate
Million t/d kg/day/p
1. Bangkok 5.73 9,317 24.1 1.63
2. Municipalities and City of Pattaya 11.71 11,903 30.8 1.02
3. Others 44.87 11,420 45.1 0.39
Total 62.31 38,640 100 0.62
14.3 million tons/year
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COMPOSITION OF COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE

• Biological materials (about 46)
• Recyclable materials (about 42)
• Hazardous materials (about 3)
• Others (about 9)

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COMPOSITION OF INDUSTRIAL NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE
1. Paper 25.06
2. Glasses 12.36
3. Plastic 24.54
4. Iron 31.03
5. Aluminum 4.03
6. Rubber 2.98
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AMOUNT CLASSIFICATION OF MUNICIPALWASTE
Municipal waste more than 200
tons/day
Municipal waste more than 100
tons/day
Municipal waste more than 50
tons/day
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HAZARDOUS WASTE

• Industrial 1.700 Mton
• Community 0.380 Mton
• Hospital 0.016 Mton

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INDUSTRIAL WASTE
Non Hazardous Waste 5 million
tons/year
Hazardous Waste 1.7 million tons/ year
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Waste recovery infrastructure
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LAW ENFORCEMENT

1. Report on volume of industrial hazardous and non
   hazardous waste required by Ministry of Industry.
2. New law enforcement.

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WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT



Waste Treatment
Factory No. 101
Sorting/Secure Landfill
Factory No. 105
Recycling
Factory No. 106
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Legal Structure for Resource Recycling Promotion
Basic Environmental Law
Environmental Master Plan
Natural environmentMobilization
Material circulation in society
Full enforcement Aug. 1996
Full enforcement January 2001
Basic Law for Establishing Resource Recycling
Society (Framework law)

• Basic rules,
• Liability of central local governments,
  business enterprises, residents
• Policy of the national government
  
• Master Plan for Establishing Resource Recycling
  Society Fundamental plan for other plans
  

• Establishing sustainable material cycle in human
  society
• Saving natural resources
• Reduction of environmental impact

Promotion of recycle
Appropriate disposal of waste
Establishing general framework
Full enforcement April 2001
Full enforcement April 2001
Solid waste act
Law for promotion of efficient resource
utilization
Expansion Reinforcement
1)Recycling waste as resources 2)Materials
structure of considering recycle 3)Marks for
segregation and recovery 4) Promotion of
efficient utilization of by-products

1. Waste reduction
2. Appropriate disposal (including recycle)
3. Regulation for waste treatment facility
4. Regulation for waste disposal companies
5. Regulation standard of waste disposal

Expansion Reinforcement

• Countermeasure for inappropriate waste disposal
• Establishment of waste disposal facility by
  public sectors

1R 3R
Regulation according to specific materials
Automobiles Recycling Law
Containers and Packaging Recycling Law
Home Appliance Recycling Law
Construction waste Recycling Law
Food waste Recycling Law
Partly enforcement April 1997Full enforcement
April 2000
Partly enforcement January 2003 Full
enforcement January 2005
Full enforcement April, 2001
Full enforcement April, 2001
Full enforcement May, 2002

• Collection of containers and packaging by
  municipalities
• Recycling by manufactures of containers and
  packages

• Demolition work order recipients shall
• Segregate demolished objects etc
• Recycle demolished construction waste

• Manufactures, food processing and retailers in
  food industry shall recycle food waste

• Manufactures, importers, take-over companies
  shall take over waste cars, recover CFCs, and
  dismantle and crushing cars
• Manufactures shall recycle airbag and shredder
  dusts and decompose CFCs

• Waste electric appliances at households are
  collected by retailers
• Recycling by manufactures

Green Purchasing Law (Promotion of procurement of
recycled products by governmental initiative)
Full enforcement April 2001
Source Compiled by Kitakyushu Environment Bureau
with Shigen Junkangata shakai hakusho (Resource
Recycling Society White Book 2004)
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PRESENT STRUCTURE

• Only few proper sorting plants are running.
• Few solid community waste incinerators are still
  running.
• Most of solid waste sent to landfill site.
• Some of landfill sites are still under standard.

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Effective waste recovery system
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PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES

• Develop laws and regulation to promote a total
  good practice in waste management.
• Set up centers for complete solid waste
  management.
• Do intensive public relation for wide spread
  acceptance of publics in supporting waste
  management practice.
• Support private sectors to run waste management
  projects.

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TYPICAL PROJECTS

• Sorting plants
• Upgrading recyclable material plant
• Electronic waste recycling plant
• Hazardous waste recycle plant
• Waste exchange program

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TYPICAL PROJECTS

• Composting plant
• Bio-liquid and compost earth wormiest system
• Individual house composting
• Bio-gas fermentation plant
• Other Waste to Energy System (Gasification,
  Direct Burning, and etc.)

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Technological development of industrial waste
recovery
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Used PET Recycling Process
A bale of PET bottles
Separate
Crush
Wash
Palletize
Pallets
Flakes
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Used Automobile Recycling Process
Hoist
Car body conveyor system
Nonferrous metal collecting machine
Press
Carrier
Deck
Lifter
Turning Facility
Collect outer parts
? Drainage process
? Collect parts
? Dismantling process
? Nonferrous metal collecting process
? Cubic press
Outer parts such as doors, fenders,
windshields, lights, and hoods
Fuel, Oil, LLC
Seat, Carpet, Console, Tire, Battery,
Tool, CFCs,Glass
Engine, Transmission, Fuel tank, Exhaust
and other related parts Underside parts
Heater core, Condenser, Evaporator, Motor,
Harness (nonferrous parts) Upholstery (resin and
leather), Bumper
Pressed goods
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Home Appliance Recycling Process
Funnel Glass
FunnelGlass
Washing
CRT
Remove
CRT Separation
PanelGlass
Panel Glass
Case
TV set
Plastic
Case
Magnetic Separation
Plastic(disposal)
Separation
Motor
Washing Machine
Non-FerrousMetals
Steel
Case
Remove
MagneticSeparation
Steel
Heat Exchanger
Presser
Urethane(disposal)
Separation
Compressor
Air Conditioner
CFCsCollection
CaF2 (disposal)
CFCS decomposition
Remove
MotorHeat ExchangerCompressor
Compressor
Plastic
Plastic (PS) Parts
Refrigerator
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Office Equipment Recycling Process
Arrival of goods
Scale
Facilities for crushing plastic
Crush
Sorting of goods
Plastic
IC substrate
Metal detection
Glass
Storage
Separation
Dismantlement
Motor
Scale
Metal
Crushedgoods
Aluminum
Rack
Cable
Rack for goods to be shipped
Measure and ship
Frame
Storage space for goods to be shipped
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Fluorescent Tubes Recycling Process
Collection and Logistics
Glass, MetalsClean and Dry
Recycling
Crush Sort
Fluorescent substancesand mercury Separation
Recycled fluorescent tubes production plant
Domestic Use
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THANK YOU
VERY MUCH