Mass-Casualty Incident Management

1
Chapter 29

• Mass-Casualty Incident Management

2
Objectives (1 of 3)

• Discuss the various environmental hazards that
  affect the OEC technician.
• Evaluate the role of the OEC technician in the
  multiple-casualty incident.
• Review the local mass-casualty incident plan
  (MCI).
• Define the incident command system (ICS).

3
Objectives (2 of 3)

• Identify main ICS functions and their
  responsibilities during a mass-casualty incident.
• Describe the advantages of using ICS as an
  organized approach to the management of
  mass-casualty incidents.
• Explain how the ICS structure expands or
  contracts to meet the needs of an incident.

4
Objectives (3 of 3)

• Describe where you might be assigned within an
  ICS structure and list possible job
  responsibilities.
• Apply the four-color categories to a
  mass-casualty incident.
• Apply the sequence of emergency care for a single
  patient with multiple injuries.

5
MCI Management

• MCI An incident that places great demands on
  rescuer resources (manpower, equipment, vehicles,
  hospitals, etc.)
• May require technical rescue team to access and
  treat patients, ie, ski patrol
• A practiced, well designed Emergency Operations
  plan is essential.

6
Key Questions

• Does the incident require a technical rescue team
  (HazMat, dive rescue, etc.)?
• What equipment is needed?
• What environmental injuries are to be expected?
• What happens when there are multiple patients?

7
Emergency Operation Plan

• Components
• Control/management
• Communications
• Logistics
• Evacuation
• Public information
• Emergency medical care

• Security
• Fire and rescue coordination
• Public works/utility repair or contact

8
Incident Command System (ICS)

• Used to help control, direct, and coordinate
  resources.
• Ensures clear lines of responsibility and
  authority
• Incident commander (IC) has overall
  responsibility for managing incident
• System can expand to meet needs as the incident
  progresses

9
Structure of an Incident Command System
10
ICS Components

• Incident commander (IC) remains at a centralized
  command post.
• Safety officer has full authority of IC and is
  responsible for rescuer safety.
• IC selects sector leaders, ie, operations,
  planning, finance, public information, etc.
• Unified Command is used to incorporate various
  agencies within ICS.

11
ICS Structure Medical Incident

• Command center
• Staging
• Extrication
• Triage

• Treatment
• Supply
• Transportation
• Rehabilitation

12
Typical ICS Organization
13
Medical Response

• Three important stages triage, treatment, and
  transport
• Triage determines priority of treatment.
• RED patients are moved to treatment area for
  assessment and care.
• Transport officer assigns ambulances and
  destinations.

14
Medical Response

• Resource needs and allocation are communicated to
  command center.
• YELLOW and GREEN patients are treated and
  transported as resources allow.
• After full evacuation, evaluation for Critical
  Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) occurs.
• Success depends on every rescuer working within
  the system!

15
Disaster Management

• Widespread event that disrupts and threatens
  community
• Rescuer roles will be assigned by ICS.
• Hospitals may be overburdened.
• Casualty collection areas may be set up and
  staffed by nursing and medical staff with
  equipment.