Agenda

1
Agenda

• February Culture Projects Due Today (A2)
• To get
• Baroque Music Listening/Question Sheet
• To do
• Continue Baroque Visual Art Lecture
• Rembrandt/Ryusch/Vermeer
• Bernini Video Questions
• Music Lecture and listening practice

2
Opener - Baroque Artist Quiz (on your own paper
use your notes)

1. Name the four things that identify something as
   Baroque artwork.
2. Name the artist who created the statue, Ecstasy
   of Saint Teresa.
3. Rembrandt was known for always using what colors
   in his paintings?
4. T or F, Caravaggio was an upstanding citizen in
   Roman who never got into trouble with the law.
5. Identify the time period that came before the
   Baroque Period.

3
Rembrandt van Rijn

• 1606-1669
• From Amsterdam/Netherlands
• Mastered all popular subjects
• Religious/historical themes from Italy
• Daily life/people from Holland

4

• Painter, draftsman, and etcher of the 17th
  century the greatest artist of the Dutch school
• luxurious brushwork, rich color, and a mastery of
  chiaroscuro (the use of light and shadow).
• His drawings constitute a vivid record of
  contemporary Amsterdam.
• influenced by the work of Caravaggio
• 50 to 60 self-portraits.

5
Self -Portraits
6
Rembrandt

• The Night Watch, 1642.
• Multiple portraits - larger composition

The Militia Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq
7

• The Mill (1650)

8
Christ Healing the Sick etching
9
Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulip
10
Rachel Ruysch

• 1664-1750
• Dutch
• paintings for domestic interiors
• Sold at craft markets
• Flowers in a Vase
• (Why would Protestant artists paint still-lifes
  and landscape pictures?)

11
Flowers ina Vase
12
Johannes Vermeer

• 1632-1675
• Dutch
• Genre scenes
• Master of light and color
• Allegory of Painting
• The Milkmaid

13
Allegory of Painting
14
TheMilkmaid
15
Baroque Music
16
VOCABULARY

• Counterpoint
• Type of compositional technique in which two
  melodies combine to create the harmony, instead
  of one harmony and chords to accompany it.

17
VOCABULARY

• Fugue
• A form of composition in which a theme or subject
  is introduced by one voice, and is imitated by
  other voices in succession.
• Only the first few notes of the subject are
  imitated exactly, then each voice deviates
  slightly until the next time it enters again with
  the subject.
• Generally the instruments or voices overlap and
  weave in and out of each other forming a
  continuous, tapestry-like texture.

18
VOCABULARY

• Improvisation
• spontaneous performance of music without previous
  preparation or written notes.
• Improvisation can be seen in music of the Baroque
  era, where ornamentation and realization of
  figured bass was common.

19
VOCABULARY

• Figured bass (basso continuo)
• The bass part -generally of a Baroque
  composition- that is marked so as to indicate the
  harmonies that should go with each note.
• Guitar ex.

The bottom staff shows the figured bass, the
Grand Staff above shows what the musician could
play!
20
VOCABULARY

• Ornamentation
• Decorative notes of short duration added to
  compositions to emphasize certain notes and to
  add flavor to the composition.
• Ornamentation is particularly prominent in the
  music of the Baroque era and is not limited to
  specific instruments, but may be performed on
  almost any instrument, including the voice.

21
VOCABULARY

• Genre Style, manner (of music)
• Oratorio Large scale dramatic composition with
  text usually based on religious subjects.
• Oratorios are performed by choruses and solo
  voices with an instrumental accompaniment, and
  are similar to operas but without costumes,
  scenery and actions. (cheaper!)
• The genre originated in the 17th century
  (Renaissance period) and developed to its peak
  during the Baroque period.

22
VOCABULARY

• Recitative
• - a half-sung/half-spoken singing
• Aria
• -solo in the opera
• -character revealed his/her feelings
• Opera
• A drama set to music, usually sung throughout,
  originating in 17th century Italy. Opera is a
  combination of music, drama, scenery, costumes,
  dance, etc., to create a complete art form.
• Opera became a very important vehicle for
  composers during the Baroque period.

23

• Concerto
• small group of instruments plays in concert, or
  conflict, with a larger orchestra
• Cantata
• choral work for Lutheran worship
• Ritornello
• something that returns or is repeated

24
George Frideric Handel

• 1685-1759
• German, lived in England
• Traveled Europe to learn music
• Royal Academy of Music (1720)
• -failed within 10 years
• -bankrupt
• -saved career with the oratorio style

25
Messiah

• Contains pieces for the orchestra alone (e.g.
  overture), for soloists -Soprano, Contralto,
  Tenor, Bass (arias, duets), for choir (e.g.
  Hallelujah Chorus), and for combinations of the
  three. (play)
• solos for instrumentalists to show off their
  virtuosity
• It is tradition that whenever the Hallelujah
  Chorus is sung the audience stands

26
Johann Sebastian Bach

• 1685-1750
• High point of Baroque Music
• German
• From a family of musicians (reunions?)
• Masterpieces in every form except opera
• Toccata and Fugue in D minor
• Intro to Disneys Fantasia

27
Bachs Toccata and Fugue in D minor

• Listen to Bachs Toccata and Fugue in D minor. As
  you answer the questions think of the terms
  below
• Excessive Too much, a piece that is elaborate in
  some way
• Contrast compare or appraise in respect to
  differences
• Tension a balance maintained in an artistic work
  between opposing forces or elements
• Energy dynamic quality

28
Antonio Vivaldi 1678-1741

• Venice, Italy
• master of the concerto
• virtuoso violinist
• Four Seasons
• -La Primavera (Spring Time)
• -Three movements with alternating tempos
  (fast, slow, fast)
• Ritornello!

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Antonio Vivaldi 1678-1741developed the Concerto

• Ordained a priest and began working at the
  Ospedale della Pietà, orphanage for girls
• Developed an orchestra and vocal program that
  became famous all over Europe.
• Wrote in many genresopera, oratorio, sonata, and
  mass pieces
• Concertos make him important in history
• virtuoso violinist
• raised standards for violin performance

30
Exit Slip

• Which composer was known for being from a family
  of musicians?
• Vivaldi originally composed difficult music for
  which instrument?
• This is like an Opera but is cheaper and has no
  acting.
• What is the complete art form?
• Identify the name and composer of one song you
  listened to today.