Beyond Habitat Selection: Physiological Responses of Species to Climate

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Beyond Habitat Selection Physiological
Responses of Species to Climate

• Betsy Reardon
• GEO 387H Physical Climatology
• Literature Review Presentation
• Professor Dr. Zong-Liang Yang

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Presentation Outline

• Introduction to Ecology/Biogeography
• Climate Envelope Models vs. Mechanistic
  Models
• Key Life History Features and Their Relationship
  to Climate
• Conclusions

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Introduction

• What is Ecology?
• What is Biogeography?
• Species Ranges and Range Limits

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http//www.conifers.org/cu/ju/communis
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Introduction

• What is Ecology?
• What is Biogeography?
• Species Ranges and Range Limits
• Future Predictions about Range

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Climate Envelope Model

• Based on Ecological Niche Theory
• Hutchinson 1957
• Define Current Range
• Determine Correlative Environmental Variables
• Attempt to Anticipate Future Spatial of
  Environmental Variables
• Species Track Environmental Variables

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Climate Envelope Model

• Based on either presence-absence data or
  abundance counts
• Assume full range information with comprehensive
  data
• Assume capturing all significant environmental
  variables
• Attempt to not Over-Fit the data

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http//www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol4/iss1/art1/fi
gure2
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http//www.bio.sdsu.edu/eb/avanderg/pitfall_locati
ons2.jpg
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Mechanistic Model

• Identify relationship between key biological
  events and climate
• Predict physiological responses to climate change
• Forecast future range boundaries

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Key Life History Features

• Migration
• Sex Determination
• Phenology
• Reproduction

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Migration

• Triggers classically studied as either
  temperature or lighting variations
• Suggest relationship to large-scale global
  climate phenomena
• Ex. North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)
• Huppop and Huppop (2003)

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http//www.bird-friends.com/pics/BlackThroatedBlue
Warbler
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http//www.fws.gov/arrowwood/pothole.html
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Sex Determination

• Human sex determination is based on sex
  chromosomes
• Most reptile sex determination is based on
  environmental controls

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http//i1.treknature.com/

• 2ºC shifted from normal
• 4ºC beyond rebound

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http//www.parkerriver.org
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Phenology

• Study of the timing of biological events
• Use to study reaction of species to climate
  change
• Use to anticipate shifts in ecological
  relationships

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Reproduction

• Commonly coupled with other life history events
• Reproductive success is dependent on climate

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http//www.naturcymru.org.uk
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http//www.marksphotos.nuttybird.net
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Conclusions

• Essential links between key life history events
  and climate
• Rate of evolution and climate change
• Climate Envelop vs. Mechanistic Models