Musculoskeletal Anatomy Quiz

1
Musculoskeletal Anatomy Quiz

• The bones, muscles and muscular action below the
  belt

2
Whats to Come

• Quick review of the bones
• Origin, insertion, and action of muscles
• Muscles categorized by their action
• Test yourself with the diagram and click for the
  answer

All images scanned from Sieg Adams,
Illustrated Essentials of Musculoskeletal Anatomy
3
Bones in Review
4
Pelvis (letters first)

1. Iliac crest
2. Iliac fossa
3. Superior (posterior) gluteal line
4. Middle (anterior) gluteal line
5. Inferior gluteal line
6. Anterior superior iliac spine
7. Anterior inferior iliac spine
8. Posterior superior iliac spine
9. Posterior inferior iliac spine
10. Greater sciatic notch
11. Ischial tuberosity
12. Ischial spine
13. Lesser sciatic notch
14. Ramus of ischium
15. Pubic crest
16. Pubic symphysis
17. Body of pubis
18. Superior ramus of pubis
19. Inferior ramus of pubis

1. Ilium
2. Ischium
3. Pubis
4. Acetabulum
5. Obturator foramen
6. Sacrum
7. Coccyx

5
Femur

1. Head
2. Neck
3. Greater trochanter
4. Lesser trochanter
5. Intertrochanteric line
6. Intertrochanteric crest
7. Trochanter fossa
8. Quatrate tubercle
9. Gluteal tuberosity
10. Linea aspera
11. Adductor tubercle
12. Medial epicondyle
13. Lateral epicondyle
14. Patellar surface
15. Medial supracondylar line
16. Lateral supracondylar line
17. Medial condyle
18. Lateral condyle
19. Popliteal surface

6
Tibia and Fibula

1. Styloid process
2. Head
3. Neck
4. Interosseous border
5. Lateral malleolus
6. Shaft
7. Medial condyle
8. Lateral condyle
9. Tibial tuberosity
10. Soleal line
11. Shaft
12. Interosseous border
13. Medial malleolus

7
Foot (without animation)
8
Extensors of Spine
9
Spinalis thoracis / cervicis

• spinous processes of T11-12, L1-2
• transverse processes of T6-10
• transverse processes of T1-6
• Spinous processes of T1-8
• Spinous processes of C6-7, T1-4
• Spinous processes of C2-5
• extend and rotate vertebral column

Origin (3) Insertion (3) Action
10
semispinalis thoracis / cervicus

• spinous processes of T11-12, L1-2
• transverse processes of T6-10
• transverse processes of T1-6
• Spinous processes of T1-8
• Spinous processes of C6-7, T1-4
• Spinous processes of C2-5
• extend and rotate vertebral column

Origin (3) Insertion (3) Action
11
Leg / Hip Flexors
12
Psoas Major

• bodies, transverse processes lumbar vertebrae
• lesser trochanter of femur
• flexes and rotates thigh laterally
• flexes vertebrae

Origin Insertion Action (2)
13
Iliacus

• iliac fossa of ilium
• lesser trochanter of femur
• flexes and rotates thigh laterally
• flexes vertebrae

Origin Insertion Action (2)
14
Leg Extensors Abductors
15
Gluteus Maximus
Origin Insertion Action

• iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
• gluteal tuberosity of femur
• extends and rotates thigh laterally

16
Gluteus Medius
Origin Insertion Action

• lateral ilium
• greater trochanter of femur
• abducts thigh

17
Gluteus Minimus
Origin Insertion Action

• lateral ilium
• greater trochanter of femur
• abducts thigh

18
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Origin Insertion Action

• anterior iliac crest
• tibia via iliotibial tract
• abducts, flexes thigh

19
Leg Adductors
20
Adductor Longus
Origin Insertion Action

• pubic crest near symphysis pubis
• linea aspera of femur
• adducts, flexes thigh

Anterior
21
Adductor Magnus

• ischial tuberosity
• pubis
• linea aspera of femur
• adductor tubercle
• adducts femur
• anterior fibers assist flexion of femur at hip
• Posterior fibers assist extension of femur at hip

Origin (2) Insertion (2) Action (3)
22
Gracilis

• pubic ramus
• medial surface of tibial shaft
• adducts thigh
• flexes leg at knee

Origin Insertion Action (2)
23
Leg Flexors
24
Biceps Femoris

• long head - ischial tuberosity
• short head - linea aspera of femur
• head of fibula
• lateral condyle of tibia
• flexes knee
• extends thigh

Origin (2) Insertion (2) Action (2)
25
Semitendinosus
Origin Insertion Action (2)

• ischial tuberosity
• medial, proximal surface of tibia
• flexes knee
• extends thigh

26
Semimembranosus
Origin Insertion Action (2)

• ischial tuberosity
• medial condyle of tibia
• flexes knee
• extends thigh

27
Sartorius
Origin Insertion (2) Action (2)

• anterior superior iliac spine
• medial surface of tibia
• proximal surface of tibia
• flexes leg and thigh
• rotates thigh laterally (crosses leg)

28
Leg Extensors
29
Rectus Femoris
Origin Insertion Action

• anterior inferior iliac spine
• patella by common tendon continues as ligament
  to tibial tuberosity
• extends leg at knee

30
Vestus medialis, lateralis intermedius

• anterior/medial surface femur
• greater trochanter femur
• anterior lateral shaft of femur
• patella by common tendon continues as ligament
  to tibial tuberosity
• extends leg at knee

Origin medialis lateralis intermedius Insertion
Action
31
Dorsiflexors
32
Tibialis Anterior
Origin Insertion (2) Action (2)

• lateral condyle/surface of tibia
• 1st meta tarsal
• 1st cuneiform
• dorsiflexion
• inversion of foot

33
Peroneus Tertius
Origin Insertion Action (2)

• distal third anterior fibula
• 5th metatarsal
• dorsiflexion
• eversion of foot

34
Extensor Digitorum Longus

• lateral condyle of the tibia
• anterior surface of fibula
• dorsal surfaces of 2nd, 3rd phlanges of 4 lateral
  toes
• dorsiflexion
• eversion
• toe extension

Origin (2) Insertion Action (3)
35
Plantar Flexors
36
Gastrocnemius
Origin Insertion Action (2)

• lateral/medial condyles of femur
• posterior surface of calcaneus
• plantar flexion
• flexion of leg at knee

37
Soleus

• head/shaft of fibula
• posterior tibial surface
• posterior surface calcaneus
• plantar flexion of foot

Origin (2) Insertion Action
38
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Origin Insertion Action (3)

• posterior surface of tibia
• distal phlanges of 4 lateral toes
• plantar flexion
• inversion of foot
• flexion of four lateral toes

39
Tibialis Posterior

• lateral condyle posterior tibial/fibular surface
• tarsal bones
• metatarsal bones
• plantar flexion
• inversion of foot

Origin Insertion (2) Action (2)
40
Peroneus Longus

• lateral condyle of tibia
• fibular head/shaft
• tarsal
• metatarsals
• plantar flexion
• eversion of foot

Origin (2) Insertion (2) Action (2)
41
Muscles by Action
42
Hip / Leg Medial Rotator

1. Gluteus medius
2. Gluteus minimus
3. Tensor fasciae latae
4. Petineus
5. Adductor longus
6. Adductor brevis
7. Adductor magnus (horizontal fibers)

43
Leg Flexor Extensor
Flexors

1. Iliopsoas
2. Pectineus
3. Tensor fasciae latae
4. Adductor brevis
5. Adductor longus
6. Adductor magnus (anterior portion)
7. Rectus femoris
8. Sartorius

Extensors

1. Gluteus maximus
2. Biceps femoris (long head)
3. Semitendinosus
4. Semimembranosus
5. Adductor magnus (posterior portion)

44
Leg Adductors Abductors
Abductors

1. Gluteus medius
2. Gluteus minimus
3. Tensor fasciae latae
4. Sartorius

Adductors

1. Adductor brevis
2. Adductor longus
3. Adductor magnus
4. Gracilis

45
Knee
Flexors

1. Biceps femoris
2. Semitendinosus
3. Semimembranosus
4. Sartorius
5. Gracilis
6. Gastrocnemius

Extensors

1. Vastus lateralis
2. Vastus intermedius
3. Vastus medialis
4. Rectus femoris
5. Tensor fascia latae

46
Knee Rotators
Medial

1. Semitendinosus
2. Semimembranosus
3. Popliteus
4. Gracilis
5. sartorius

Lateral

• Biceps femoris

47
Ankle
Dorsiflexors

1. Tibialis anterior
2. Extensor digitorum longus
3. Peroneus tertius
4. Extensor hallucis longus

Plantar flexors

1. Gastrocnemius
2. Soleus
3. Plantaris
4. Peroneus longus
5. Peroneus brevis
6. Tibialis posterior
7. Flexor hallucis longus
8. Flexor digitorum longus (not shown)

48
Foot
Evertors

1. Peroneus tertius
2. Peroneus longus
3. Peroneus brevis

Invertors

1. Tibialis anterior
2. Tibialis posterior