ECA 228 Internet/Intranet Design I

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ECA 228 Internet/Intranet Design I

• Intro to the Web

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Web Concepts Technology

• Internet vs webInternet a collection of
  computers used to share information web pages,
  email, newsgroups, ftp, chat, hardware,
  equipment, network, etcWeb- collection of
  individual documents for viewing on the internet.
  

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Client/Server

• Client/Server Architecture
• When you type in a URL, the browser (the client)
  contacts the web server
• The browser requests the desired file
• Server looks for the file on its machine
• The file is sent back to the browser
• The file is saved to the cache (Temporary
  Internet Files)
• The connection between client and server is
  broken
• The browser renders the file

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Must put your web site on internet

• When you create a website, you must upload it to
  a web server, otherwise no one will be able to
  access it
• Others cannot see a web page you created on your
  personal computer unless your computer is set up
  as a web server and connected to the internet

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FTPFile Transfer Protocol

• Used to transfer any type of file
• Must have an FTP server and an FTP client
• Upload- when you send a file from the client to
  the server
• Download- when you send from the server to the
  client
• FTP is the most common way to put file up on the
  internet
• Examples include WS_FTP for Windows, Fetch for Mac

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HTMLHypertext Markup Language

• A page description language
• Decides how text and images will appear
• Not really a programming language, but a layout
  language
• Hypertext- text that links to another document

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HTML cont

• HTML is a text file, no images are stored in the
  actual HTML file, it refers to them
• Pictures are separate files referred to by HTML,
  then loaded into their proper place
• HTML can be created in notepad or any simple text
  editor
• To view the HTML file, use any browser
• HTML will look differently in different browsers

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HTML Editor

• HTML can be created and modifies in any text
  editor
• Notepad- simplest to use and comes with Windows
• Front Page
• Dreamweaver MX
• Both complex HTML editors

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CGI ScriptsCommon Gateway Interface

• Adds functionality to the site
• A CGI script is a program
• Most common language used in CGI is Perl
• Can take input from a web page and process the
  data
• Other CGI languages
• C
• C
• JavaScript

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CGI cont

• CGI scripts are server side scripts they are
  stored on the web server
• Purpose counters, polls, password protection,
  feedback, emails, connect to databases
• The server runs the script, processes it, and
  writes HTML back to the browser
• This HTML page is generated dynamically (may be
  different every time) by the script

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Forms

• Forms allow users to enter information using a
  web page
• The browser sends information to the server
• A program such as CGI processes the form
  information entered by the user

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Java

• Java is a product from Sun Microsystems
• It is a programming language used to embed mini
  programs or applets into a web page
• To run a Java applet software called a virtual
  java machine must be installed
• Java is a multi-platform language- meaning it
  will run on any operating system with a virtual
  java machine installed
• Java applets are client side- meaning the program
  is run on the client computer

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Java cont

• Stark State College of Technology offers several
  courses in Java, the first of which is ECA223
  Java Programming

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JavaScript and VBScript

• Adds functionality to a web page
• Client Side scripting languages- meaning the
  browser is the software that interprets the
  script
• JavaScript was originally developed by Netscape
• Microsofts developed VBScript, based on Visual
  Basic
• Simple to program but limited security and
  functionality
• Netscape and Internet Explorer both support
  JavaScript
• Only Internet Explorer supports VBScript

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JavaScript and VBScript cont

• The scripts are usually written inside HTML code
• Uses
• Form validation
• Pop up windows
• Pop up menus
• Much more
• If you are interested in Javascript we offer it
  in ECA225

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ASP

• Active Server Pages
• Creates web pages dynamically
• Server Side Scripting on Microsoft Servers
• Can be connected easily to databases, email, save
  to files etc.
• ECA229 Microsoft Server Side Scripting

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Cold Fusion MX

• Macromedia product
• Runs on Microsoft servers or other servers
• Server side scripting
• This is taught in ECA234 CFML Tools, formally
  called E-Commerce

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PHP

• PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
• A free server side scripting language
• Very popular because it is open source
• ECA236 Open Source Server Side Scripting
• Works well with other Open Source packages such
  as Linux, Apache, and MySQL

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Databases

• Connecting a web site to a database is where the
  real money is
• Storing inventory, name/password combinations,
  etc
• Popular databases include Access, SQL Server,
  Oracle or MySQL
• Access is adequate for small sites, bigger sites
  need to use SQL Server, or a more professional
  database like Oracle

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CSS

• Cascading Style Sheets
• Allows developer to separate the structure of a
  website from its design
• CSS enhances a sites look, accessibility, and
  consistency
• CSS makes it much easier for a developer to
  update or modify the look of a site

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Language Summary
Language Server Client
HTML X
CSS X
CGI/Perl X
Java X
JavaScript X
ASP X
Cold Fusion X
PHP X
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HTML Editors

• 3 types of editors
• Basic text editors - Notepad
• Advanced Text Editors - color coded syntax,
  TextPad
• WYSIWYG- What you see is what you get
• Microsoft Front page- new users
• Dreamweaver- experienced users

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HTML Editors cont

• If you wish to learn Dreamweaver Stark State
  College of Technology offers
• IMT124 Macromedia tools

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Graphics Packages

• Photoshop
• Paint Shop Pro
• Fireworks
• Web site developers often need a graphics program
  to manipulate images
• Most browsers accept only .jpg or .gif image
  formats
• Photoshop is offered in IMT122 Graphic Arts

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Web Site Hosting

• Once you create a web site you must find a place
  to host it
• You will upload your files to a server, a
  computer connected to the Internet 24x7
• You can host your own site if you have a
  dedicated computer hooked up to the internet
  constantly
• There are many free hosting sites available

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Web Site Hosting

• You may want to pay a provider to host your site
• There are many commercial hosting services
  available, with many advanced features
• Prices range from 7 to 100 per month

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Domain Names

• To register your own domain name such as
  www.myname.com , you must pay a nominal fee
• Top Level Domains include
• .com commercial site
• .net network site
• .org organization

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Domain Names cont

• Once you register your name you must get it
  pointed to your web site. Your ISP (Internet
  Service Provider) can usually help you to do
  this.
• Then people simply type in your domain name and
  it takes them to your site.

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Search Engines

• Next you need to register your site in search
  engines so people can find it. Registering in
  search engines like Google, AltaVista, and Yahoo.