Beware of the Farmers

1
Beware of the Farmers

• Chapter 13, Section 1 Notes

2
Agricultural Revolution

• Before the 1600s, most European villagers worked
  their own land to grow food for their families
• Individuals used common public land for grazing
  animals too
• Then the enclosure movement happened

3
More Revolution with Plants

• Smaller landholding were being combined into more
  efficient, larger holdings
• Starts 1500s ? takes off 1700s ? reaches its
  height in 1800s in Great Britain
• Wealthy landowners benefited
• Small landowners lost
• Why?
• Answer Needed to buy bigger farms

4
More Revolution with Plants

• Large landowners have more freedom to try new
  farming methods
• Jethro Tull and his seed drill
• Seeds planted in straight rows
• Charles Townshend figures out the wonders of crop
  rotation
• Iron Plows replace wooden ones
• Jethro Wood puts a respectable blade on the
  plow
• No longer need to buy a new plow, just new blade

5
Well Fight Back with the Assembly Line!

• Small landowners cant afford big farms
• What are their options?
• Either pay rent to other landowners to use the
  farm (called tenant farmers)
• Or movewhere?
• Answer To the city
• The Industrial Revolution begins

6
Factors of Production

• The factors of production are land, labor, and
  capital
• Land all natural resources
• England coal and iron ore
• Labor Workers
• Capital tools, machinery, equipment, and
  inventory used in production
• Also includes used to invest in new businesses

7
Whats a Textile?

• A textile is any kind of woven, knitted, knotted,
  or tufted cloth or non-woven fabric
• Textiles, Transportation related things, and
  Communication related things are part of the
  Industrial Revolution

8
Important People of the Revolution

• Think our chart
• Jethro Tull
• Eli Whitney
• James Watt
• Samuel Morse
• Richard Arkwright
• Henry Bessemer

9
I Wont Always Be Here to Iron This!

• No, turning iron into steel
• The Bessemer process was created separately, at
  the same time, by Henry Bessemer and William
  Kelly
• Air was injected into molten pig iron, to blast
  out carbon and other impurities
• During this process, the temperature went up and
  iron turned into steel

10
Other Innovations

• Vulcanization The ability to make rubber less
  sticky
• Canals Were dug to link rivers
• Steam Engine Speed transportation in land and
  water
• Steamboats Transport goods all over the world
  cheaply and quickly
• Battery 1800, you know what a battery does
• Magnetism 1820s by Andre Ampere
• Morse Code 1838 by Morse a machine clicked a
  system of dots and dashes translated to the
  letters of the alphabet
• Telegraph 1844 based on Morse code, allowed
  people to communicate across continents