FRENCH REVOLUTION

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FRENCH REVOLUTION

• Mr. Hardy, Randolph Middle School, 2012-2013

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Do You Hear The People Sing?

• Read the lyrics to the song Do You Hear the
  People Sing?
• Annotate as you read the lyrics. What are you
  thoughts? What strikes you as important? What
  do you think the mood of the song is? What is
  the writer trying to say?
• Next, watch this awesome video
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vFgQgzKVX9jc
• As you watch, look at the visuals. Notice how
  the people act, dress, react, and do.

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Do You Hear the People Sing?

• Answer the following questions
• Who are the people?
• Why do you think they are angry?
• At who are they angry?
• How do they act upon their anger?
• What does the phrase when the beating of your
  heart matches the beating of the drum mean?
• What do you think is the most impactful line?
  Why?

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Background information

• Began in 1789, when the US was created
• More complex, more violent, and far more radical
  than American Revolution
• A turning point in EUROPEAN POLITICAL AND SOCIAL
  HISTORY

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Causes of the war

• Social Inequality
• Social class was divided into three estates, or
  classes
• Social Conditions
• Conditions of French society
• Economic inequalities
• Enlightenment Ideas

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Three estates
Clergy (130,000 people), owned about 10 of land,
Nobility (350,000 people), owned 30, held
leading positions
Commoners (peasants), made up of 75 percent of
total population. Owned 35-40 of land
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Third Estate

• A Majority of People
• Peasants, shopkeepers, craftspeople
• Bourgeoisie-
• middle class, 8 of the third estate, owned
  25-30 land
• Upset at all the privileges held by people in
  higher estates

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Forces of Change

• Enlightenment Ideas
• Individual Rights
• Democracy
• Economic Troubles
• National government financial collapse
• Bad harvest
• slow manufacturing
• high of poor people
• costly wars and aid to the US
• expensive monarchies
• High Taxes

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King Louis and Marie Antoinette

• King Louis married Marie Antoinette when he was
  15 and she was 14
• Antoinette was an Austrian princess
• Spent so much money on luxuries she was nicknamed
  Madame Deficit
• French people hated her

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National Assembly

• Versailles, May 5, 1789
• Meeting of all Estates
• Problem-gt was voting
• Each estate would get one vote. (traditional)
• 1st and 2nd Estate could outvote the 3rd

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Third Estate Tennis Court Oath

• Not happy with result- created their own Assembly
• Met on June 17, 1789, at a Tennis Court, original
  place was locked
• Made an oath to create a new constitution
• King Louis XVI was against this and used force
• Rebellions started forming all over France

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Tennis Court Oath
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Storming the Bastille

• Louis fears a rebellion in Paris
• Stations Swiss guards in the city (wont trust
  his own men)
• The people of Paris see foreign soldiers, hear
  rumors that Louis will disassemble the National
  Assembly, and freak out
• The people storm the Bastille (a prison in Paris)
  looking for weapons

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Reign of Terror

• Jacobins (radicals) want France to become a true
  Republic
• 1793 Louis XVI is publicly tried for treason and
  executed and Marie Antoinette would be executed a
  few months later

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Reign of Terror
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Reign of Terror
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Reign of Terror

• Maximilien Robespierre
• Member of the Jacobins
• Ruled France like a dictator
• Hunted down, tried, and executed enemies of the
  Revolution

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Reign of Terror

• Closed churches
• Mass executions
• Suspended civil liberties

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Reign of Terror

• Eventually, members of the National Assembly
  conspire against Robespierre
• He is arrested and executed by guillotine without
  a trial
• Hundreds of Jacobins are hunted down and killed

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Outcomes of the Revolution

• End of absolute monarchy in France
• Republic established with separation of powers
  1795 - 1799

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Outcomes

• Republic opposed by Royalists, Jacobins, and
  others in France
• French military controlled riots and rebellions
• French General Napoleon rises to power, and will
  eventually take over France