Assessment of Acute Knee Injuries

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Chapter 6

• Assessment of AcuteKnee Injuries

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Objectives

• Discuss the anatomical structures of the knee
• Identify and discuss the common acute injuries to
  the knee
• Review the following components of injury
  assessment related to the acute knee injuries
• Mechanism of injury
• Signs
• Symptoms

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Bones

• Femur
• Tibia
• Fibula
• Patella
• articulating surface covered with a smooth layer
  of articular cartilage (also referred to as
  hyaline cartilage)

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Bones

• Femur
• Tibia
• Fibula
• Patella
• articulating surface covered with a smooth
  layer of articular cartilage (also referred to
  as hyaline cartilage)

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Joints

• Tibiofemoral
• Proximal tibiofibular
• patellofemoral

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Ligaments

• Joint capsule
• Medial collateral ligament (MCL)
• Protects against lateral forces
• Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
• Protects against medial forces

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Ligaments

• Joint capsule
• Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
• Prevents the tibia from moving forward or the
  femur from moving backward
• Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
• Prevents the tibia from moving backward or the
  femur from movingforward

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Menisci (Cartilage)

• Medial meniscus (C-shaped)
• Injured more frequently
• Less mobile
• Attaches to MCL ligament

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Menisci (Cartilage)

• Lateral meniscus (O-shaped)
• Injured less frequently
• more mobile

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Menisci (Cartilage)

• Function
• Provide stability
• Provide shock absorbency
• Lubricate, reduce friction

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Muscles

• Quadriceps (anterior)
• Hamstrings (posterior)
• Adductors (medial)
• Iliotibial band (lateral)

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Muscles
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Patellar Tendon
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Common Acute Knee Injuries

• Contusion
• Meniscal injury
• Sprain
• Strain
• Chondral lesion
• Fracture
• Dislocation

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Contusions to the Knee

• MOI
• Signs
• Symptoms

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Meniscal Injuries

• MOI
• Signs
• Symptoms

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Meniscal Injuries
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Meniscal Injuries
Flap tear
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Meniscal Injuries
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Meniscal Injuries
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Sprains to the Knee

• Medial (tibial) collateral (MCL)
• Lateral (fibular) collateral (LCL)
• Anterior cruciate (ACL)
• Posterior cruciate (PCL)

Anterior View
Posterior View
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MCL Sprains

• MOI
• Signs
• Symptoms

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LCL Sprains

• MOI
• Signs
• Symptoms

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ACL Sprains

• MOI
• Signs
• Symptoms

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PCL Sprains

• MOI
• Signs
• Symptoms

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Patellofemoral Syndrome

• MOI
• Signs
• Symptoms

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Patellar Tendinitis

• MOI
• Signs
• Symptoms