National Thermal Power Corporation Limited

1
Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development
Climate Brown Coal ( Lignite ) Best Practices
Work Shop India - Country
Perspective 23-27 th June2008

2
THE INDIAN DELEGATION

• NTPC Delegates
• I.K.Rajdeva, Additional General Manager,
  NTPC Ltd.
• A.Nagasundaram, Dy. Gen. Manager, NTPC Ltd.
• Saju K Sebastian, Dy. Gen. Manager, NTPC Ltd.
• P.S.Chatterjee, Chief Design Engineer, NTPC Ltd.
• CESC Delegates
• Souvik Dutta, Station Manager, Southern
  generating Station, CESC Ltd .
• Kushal Bhowmick,  Senior Manager ( Environment), 
  CESC Ltd.

3
Robust Economic Growth THE DRIVER

• THE GDP GREW AT 9.6 DURING FISCAL 2007, AVERAGE
  RATE OF GROWTH OVER LAST 4 YEARS IS 8.6.
• GDP GROWTH DURING 2008-09 IS EXPECTED TO BE
  around 9.
• GDP GROWTH TARGET OF 9 SET BY GOVT. DURING XI
  PLAN (2007-2012).
• ELECTRICITY IS AN IMPORTANT INPUT TO THE MARCH OF
  PROGRESS OF ANY COUNTRY TODAY.
• IT IS THEREFORE NATURAL THAT THE GROWTH IN
  ELECTRICITY GENERATION AVAILABILITY, BE
  COMMENSURATE WITH GROWTH IN GDP.

4
Existing Generating Capacity- March 2008
Sector wise break-up (MW)
Fuel wise break-up (MW)
Thermal 92,426 63.8
Hydro 36,033 24.9
Nuclear 4,120 2.8
Renewable 12,194 8.5
TOTAL 144,773 100.0
(Excluding captive capacity of 14636 MW connected
to grid)
(All figures provisional from CEA)
Total generation in 2007-08 704.45 BU
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ALL INDIA PLANT LOAD FACTOR () - COAL FIRED
THERMAL POWER STATIONS
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Energy Shortage
9.8
9.6
8.3
7.3
7.1
8.8
7.5
7.8
DURING 2007-08, PEAKING SHORTAGES WERE 16.6
7
Per capita Consumption remains low
In 2006
NATIONAL ELECTRICITY POLICY TARGETS PER CAPITA
AVAILABILITY OF 1000 KWH BY 2012
Figures in kwh
Source UNDP Human Development Report 2007-08
Data for 2004
8
Projected Capacity Requirements
CAGR of 7.3
778 GW
425 GW
220 GW
132 GW
Source Integrated Energy Policy GOI
Large Capacity addition required to meet the
demand
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CAPACITY ADDITION EXPECTED DURING 11th PLAN
(2007-12) (Conventional) 78,520 MW
Thermal 59,513MW ( Coal 51,890 MW, Gas- 5343
MW, Lignite- 2280 MW)
Additional capacity expected New Renewables
14,000 MW Captive 12,000 MW
10
11TH PLAN PROGRAMME (2007-2012)
(ThermalHydroNuclear)

• Proposed 78,577 MW
• Expected 78,520MW
• 9,263 MW capacity already commissioned
• 60,214 MW (77) under construction
• 10,950 MW - Letter of awards yet to be placed
• Fuel Availability for 96 of coal based stations
  tied up
• 88 hydro capacity under construction
  /commissioned
• All gas based projects under execution or gas
  tied up from local sources
• Additional 13,000 MW gas based projects
  identified subject to gas availability

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11TH PLAN PROGRAMMENON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY
PLANTS

• Installed Capacity (as on 31.03.2008)- 11125 MW
• 11th Plan target- 14,000 MW consisting of
• Wind Power - 10,500 MW
• Biomass PowerBaggasse Co-generation -
  2,100 MW
• Small Hydro (up to 25 MW) - 1,400 MW

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CAPACITY ADDITION DURING XIITH PLAN (2012 - 2017)
PLAN TOTAL CAPACITY ADDITION PLANNED (MW) THERMAL (MW) HYDRO (MW) NUCLEAR (MW)
XIITH 82200 40200 30000 12000
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Energy Efficiency

GOVERNMENTS STRAGTEGY / INITIATIVE FOR
EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION LTD. - A
PROFILE

Setting the Scene today for a future-oriented
Sustainable Energy production
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INDIAs ENERGY PROGRAMS AND POLICIES

• Improving energy efficiency
• Promoting Hydro and renewable energy
• Power sector Reforms
• Promotion of Clean coal technology
• Energy infrastructure Development
• Coal Washing
• Environmental Quality Management

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DRIVERS FOR HIGHER PLANT EFFICIENCY

• Demand of power is set to grow with growing
  economy
• Large capacity needs to be added to meet the
  projected growth in demand
• With Electricity Act 2003 coming into vogue, the
  power market is set to attract a lot of investors
  and competition
• With tariff based bidding becoming a norm,
  utilities have to bring down their cost of
  generation to remain competitive
• Increased emphasis on Environmental
  considerations for clean technology
• CDM opportunities arising out of global warming
  concerns
• Fuel, Land Water availability becoming more and
  more difficult
• Efficiency enhancement feasible in future plants
  as well as existing plants

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Major Initiatives

• Improvement in efficiency and performance of
  existing generating units through
• Renovation and Modernisation schemes with
  emphasis on Energy Efficiency
• Partnership in excellence.
• Establishment of Energy Efficiency cells at
  thermal power stations ( 37 cells in operation)
• Energy Conservation through legislation
• Thermal Power Stations notified as Designated
  consumers
• Promotion of Renewable Energy Sources
• 15,627 MW Capacity of Hydro Power planned in XIth
  Plan
• 30,000 MW Capacity of Hydro Power planned in
  XIIth Plan
• Retiring 5000 MW old capacity with low efficiency
  in 11th Plan

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Energy Conservation Act 2003 (EC Act)
Major Initiatives ..

• Designated Consumers Notified
• Thermal Power Station
• Appoint Energy Manager
• Get Energy Audits conducted by Accredited Energy
  Auditors
• Implement techno-economic viable recommendations
  given by Accredited Energy Auditor
• Comply with norms of specific energy consumption
  fixed
• Submit report on steps taken

18
Major Initiatives

• Adoption of Clean Coal Technologies
• Supercritical / Ultra supercritical Technology
• Circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC)
• Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)
  Suitable for Indian Coal
• Presently Working to develop a Demonstration
  Project for IGCC along with suitable Partner,
  development of core technologies for gasifier
  Gas cleaning systems suitable for High Ash Indian
  Coal.

19
Major Initiatives ..

• Ultra Mega Power Projects(4000MW capacity) based
  on Supercritical Technology at various pithead
  and coastal locations. Envisaging Mandatory
  Higher size thermal units (660/800 MW) with
  Supercritical Parameters.
• It is estimated to commission
• 10 Nos. units of 660MW (XIth Plan)
• 2 Nos. units of 800MW (XIth Plan)
• 12 Nos. units of 660MW (XIIth Plan)
• 31 Nos. units of 800MW (XIIth Plan)

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Major Initiatives ..

• Supercritical Units of 660 MW Rating under
  construction
• Supercritical Units of 800 MW Rating with higher
  steam temperature conditions under
  consideration

Parameter 660MW 800MW
Main Steam Pressure Kg/cm2 247 247
Main Steam Temperature oC 535/565 565
Reheat Temperature oC 565/593 593
21
The Efficiency Roadmap
22
Lower Plant Efficiency in India

• The reported efficiency of Indian power plants
  is generally lower as compared to efficiency of
  plants abroad, primarily due to
• Poorer condenser vacuum due to hot climatic
  conditions
• Higher unburnt carbon losses in boiler due to low
  grade high ash Indian coal
• Efficiency is reported on HHV basis of coal
  (same as the practice followed in USA) as against
  LHV used elsewhere.

Typical variation due to above 3.0 to 4.0
points (Approx.)
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Heatrate Improvement over the Years
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Major Initiatives Contd ..

• Member of Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum
  (CSLF)
• Participating in FutureGen Project of USA
• 275 MW coal fired Zero Emission power plant
• India contributing US10 Million
• Participating in Asia Pacific Partnership (APP)
  for Clean Development and Climate
• The Indian Project Proposals in the TF Action
  plan
• Inputs like case studies contact details of
  experts in areas of Indias interest.
• Work on Efficiency improvement of two thermal
  power plants namely Ropar and Kolaghat thermal
  Power station already started with support of
  USAID.

25
Major Initiatives ..

• Mapping of Thermal Power Stations under
  Indo-German Programme
• 33 thermal units mapped ( 31 thermal stations)
• 85 Thermal Power Stations targeted
• Energy Conservation Awards
• National Award for improving performance of
  Thermal Power Stations
• Awards for reducing T D losses.

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Efficiency Improvement through Renovation and
Modernization
A COST EFFECTIVE APPROACH CONTINUE GETTING THE
BEST OUT OF EXISTING FLEET
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NEED FOR RM EXISTING UNITS

• Improvement in performance parameters PLF,
  Availability, heat rate/efficiency, auxiliary
  power consumption, partial loading forced
  outage.
• Restore derated capacity
• Extension of economic life.
• Obsolescence non availability of spares (eg
  CI)
• Environmental issues/other statutory
  requirements.
• Safety requirements.

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POTENTIAL FOR EFFICIENCY INTEGRATED RM

• A large number of 200/250 MW some 500 MW Units
  are in operation for more than 15/20 years and
  have considerable potential for life extension
  efficiency improvement

Total No. of Units Nos. of Units as potential Candidate Nos. of Units as potential Candidate
Age gt15 years gt20 years
200/210 MW Units (LMZ design) 53 -- 53
200/210 MW units (KWU design) 88 37 12
500 MW units 35 12 2
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FUTURE APPROACH TOWARDS RM

• Shift in focus from Generation Maximization to
  Plant Performance Optimization Older units
  have many more opportunities to reduce heat rate
  than newer units.
• Retirement of very old small size low efficiency
  units and replacement with higher efficiency
  units.
• Use of high end technology solutions for
  efficiency enhancement to manage rising costs
  reduce carbon, foot prints, e.g.,
• Steam flow path modification
• Steam turbine and boiler upgrades
• Improved plant control

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FUTURE APPROACH TOWARDS RM

• Additionality in efficiency improvement
• Efficiency improvement as a result of normal RM,
  aims at to minimising losses ( to approach
  design values)
• Efficiency improvement through technology
  intervention/enhanced RM, targeting efficiency
  enhancement even beyond design value.

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Parameters For Performance Monitoring

• Unit Heat Rate
• Unit Auxiliary Power consumption
• Unit Specific secondary fuel oil consumption
• Unit Specific coal consumption
• Plant Load Factor (PLF)
• Planned Maintenance, Forced outage and
  Operating availability

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Projects for the Task Force
Sl. No. Project Title Proposing Country
1 Best Practices for Power Generation Activity Plan USA, JAPAN, KOREA
2 Best Practices for Transmission and Distribution Activity Plan USA
3 Best Practices for Demand Side Management Activity Plan USA
4 Energy Regulatory Market Development Forum AUSTRALIA
5 Trade Exhibitions/Conferences and Trade Missions USA
6 Hydroelectric Generation Best Practices USA
7 Combustion Optimization in Coal Based Power Plants INDIA
8 Implementation of Artificial Intelligent Soot Blowing System for Improving the Steam Generator Efficiency by Increasing the Effectiveness of Soot Blowers. INDIA
9 SOx Reduction Technologies in Flue Gas INDIA
10 Risk Evaluation and Prioritization (REAP) for Maintenance and Renovation Modernization (RM) of Power Plants INDIA
11 Life Extension Remaining Life Assessment Of Power Plants INDIA
12 Site visit of energy conservation and environment protection technologyApplication of Plasma Ignition Technology in Power generation CHINA
13 Generator Transformer Programs (Inspection Procedures, Diagnostic Tools and Maintenance) INDIA
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Fly Ash Utilization Record NTPCAS A SAMPLE
CASE ONLY
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Afforestation Efforts A Priority for sustenance
of HUMANITY!!

• Forest Banks concept
• NTPC has created a Green wealth of 18.2 Million
  Trees by Summer 2007
• Plantation of 1.25 Million trees around
  Ramagundam Project has resulted in Summer Peak
  temperature reduction by 3 deg C
• Ash Mound Reclamation and Dry ash disposal system
  

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THANK YOU