Definitions

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Definitions

• Diversity
• differences among people in regard to gender,
  race, ethnicity, culture, and socioeconomic
  status.
• Culture
• the way of life common to a group of people
  includes knowledge deemed important, shared
  meanings, norms, values, attitudes, ideals, and
  view of the world.
• Cultural pluralism
• the preservation of cultural differences among
  groups of people within one society. This view is
  in contrast to the melting-pot theory that says
  that ethnic cultures should melt into one.
• Ethnic group
• individuals within a larger culture who share a
  racial or cultural identity and a set of beliefs,
  values, and attitudes and who consider themselves
  members of a distinct group or subculture.

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Definitions-Continued

• Cultural identity
• an overall sense of oneself, derived from the
  extent of one's participation in various
  subcultures within the national macroculture.
• Bilingual education
• a curriculum for non-English-speaking and
  English-speaking students in which two languages
  are used for instruction and biculturalism is
  emphasized.
• Multiculturalism
• a set of beliefs based on the importance of
  seeing the world from different cultural frames
  of reference and valuing the diversity of
  cultures in the global community.

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Definitions

• Limited English proficient (LEP)
• a designation for students with limited ability
  to understand, read, or speak English and who
  have a first language other than English.
• Ethnicity
• a shared feeling of common identity that derives,
  in part, from a common ancestry, common values,
  and common experiences.

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Definitions

• Race
• a concept of human variation used to distinguish
  people on the basis of biological traits and
  characteristics.(Race is also socially
  constructed)
• Minorities
• groups of people who share certain
  characteristics and are smaller in number than
  the majority of a population.
• Language-minority students
• students whose language of the home is a language
  other than English.
• Stereotyping
• the process of attributing behavioral
  characteristics to all members of a group
  formulated on the basis of limited experiences
  with and information about the group, coupled
  with an unwillingness to examine prejudices.

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Definitions

• Individual racism
• the prejudicial belief that ones ethnic or
  racial group is superior to others.
• Institutional racism
• institutional policies and practices, intentional
  or not, that result in racial inequities.
• Afrocentric schools
• schools that focus on African-American history
  and cultures for African-American pupils.

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Definitions

• Indian Education Act of 1972 and 1974 Amendments
• a federal law and subsequent amendment designed
  to provide direct educational assistance to
  Native-American tribes and nations.
• Bicultural
• the ability to function effectively in two or
  more linguistic and cultural groups.
• Multicultural education
• education that provides equal educational
  opportunities to all students--regardless of
  socioeconomic status gender or ethnic, racial,
  or cultural backgrounds--and is dedicated to
  reducing prejudice and celebrating the rich
  diversity of American life.
• Multicultural curriculum
• a school curriculum that addresses the needs and
  backgrounds of all students regardless of their
  cultural identity and includes the cultural
  perspectives, or voices, of people who have
  previously been silent or marginalized.

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Definitions

• Sex role stereotyping
• beliefs that subtly encourage males and females
  to conform to certain behavioral norms regardless
  of abilities and interests.
• Sex role socialization
• socially expected behavior patterns conveyed to
  individuals on the basis of gender.
• Womens Educational Equity Act (WEEA)
• a 1974 federal law that guarantees equal
  educational opportunity for females.
• Gender bias
• subtle bias or discrimination on the basis of
  gender reduces the likelihood that the target of
  the bias will develop to the full extent of his
  or her capabilities.
• Gender-fair classroom
• education that is free of bias or discrimination
  on the basis of gender.

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