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Fire Fighter Rehabilitation

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... Transport ill fire fighters Transport injured fire fighters 19 * Critical Incident Stress Management CISM Confronts critical incidents, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Fire Fighter Rehabilitation


1
Fire Fighter Rehabilitation
2
Objectives (1 of 3)
19
  • Define emergency incident rehabilitation.
  • Describe why fire fighters need emergency
    incident rehabilitation.
  • List and describe the types of extended fire
    incidents where fire fighters need emergency
    incident rehabilitation.

3
Objectives (2 of 3)
19
  • Describe the seven functions of a rehabilitation
    center.
  • List four parts of revitalization.
  • Describe the types of fluids that are well suited
    for fire fighters to drink during emergency
    incident rehabilitation.

4
Objectives (3 of 3)
19
  • Describe four other types of incidents where fire
    fighters would benefit from emergency incident
    rehabilitation.
  • Describe the types of food that are well suited
    for fire fighters to eat during emergency
    incident rehabilitation.
  • Describe the personal responsibilities related to
    emergency incident rehabilitation.

5
Introduction (1 of 2)
19
  • You must take care of yourself so you can
    continue helping others.
  • Rehabilitate to restore to a condition of health
    or to a state of useful and constructive
    activity.
  • Even seasoned fire fighters can quickly become
    fatigued.

6
Introduction (2 of 2)
19
  • Without rest and recovery, you may experience
  • Fatigue
  • Headaches
  • Gastrointestinal problems
  • Depression
  • Flashbacks
  • Amnesia

7
Factors, Cause, and Need for Rehabilitation (1
of 5)
19
  • Physiological job stressors
  • From sleep to full activity in seconds
  • Not enough time to eat or drink
  • Physical demands
  • Emotional stress
  • Environmental job stressors
  • Adverse weather conditions
  • Unfamiliar locations
  • Smoke-filled environments

8
Factors, Cause, and Need for Rehabilitation (2
of 5)
19
  • Personal protective equipment (PPE)
  • Can weigh up to 40 lbs.
  • Contributes to heat stress
  • Increases energy needed to move
  • Traps body heat

9
Factors, Cause, and Need for Rehabilitation (3
of 5)
19
  • Dehydration
  • State in which fluid losses are greater than
    fluid intake
  • Can lead to shock and even death if untreated
  • Body can lose up to 2 quarts of fluid in less
    than 1 hour
  • Fluid loss reduces strength, endurance, and
    mental judgment

10
Factors, Cause, and Need for Rehabilitation (4
of 5)
19
  • Energy Consumption
  • During strenuous activity, the body burns
    carbohydrates and fats for energy
  • Essential to refuel energy sources with
    nutritious food

11
Factors, Cause, and Need for Rehabilitation (5
of 5)
19
  • A well-rested, well-conditioned person has more
    endurance and can tolerate the stresses of
    firefighting.

12
Types of Incidents Affecting Fire Fighter
Rehabilitation (1 of 3)
19
  • Rehabilitation required at all incidents
  • Small incidents may require only water for
    rehydration.
  • Major incidents may require a full rehabilitation
    center.

13
Types of Incidents Affecting Fire Fighter
Rehabilitation (2 of 3)
19
  • Structure fires
  • Intense heat and stressful conditions cause rapid
    dehydration and fatigue.
  • High-rise fires
  • Energy resources are drained quickly.

14
Types of Incidents Affecting Fire Fighter
Rehabilitation (3 of 3)
19
  • Wildland fires
  • Crews need to work in shifts so their bodies can
    recover.
  • Large fires may require hundreds of fire fighters
    and take weeks to extinguish.

15
Other Types of IncidentsRequiring Rehabilitation
(1 of 3)
19
  • Hazardous materials incidents
  • Long-duration search-and-rescue activities
  • Large-scale training activities

16
Other Types of IncidentsRequiring Rehabilitation
(2 of 3)
19
  • Non-emergency events
  • Athletic events
  • Stand-by assignments

17
Other Types of IncidentsRequiring Rehabilitation
(3 of 3)
19
  • Nourishment and fluid replacement are essential
    whenever fire fighters must be ready for action.
  • Weather conditions
  • Heat causes rapid dehydration and fatigue.
  • High humidity reduces evaporative cooling.
  • Cold weather can cause hypothermia.

18
How Does Rehabilitation Work?
19
  • Seven Functions
  • Physical Assessment
  • Revitalization
  • Medical Evaluation and Treatment
  • Regular Monitoring of Vital Signs
  • Transportation
  • Critical Incident Stress Management
  • Reassignment

19
Physical Assessment
19
  • Fire fighters vital signs should be taken.
  • Signs and symptoms of fatigue indicate need for
    rehabilitation.
  • Crew should be questioned and observed for signs
    of emotional stress.

20
Revitalization (1 of 7)
19
  • Four components of revitalization
  • Rest
  • Fluid replacement
  • Nutrition
  • Temperature stabilization

21
Revitalization (2 of 7)
19
  • Rest
  • Opportunity to disengage from stressful
    activities and remove PPE
  • Fluid replacement
  • Rehydrate with water.
  • Restore electrolytes with diluted sports drinks.
  • Avoid caffeinated and sugar-rich drinks.

22
Revitalization (3 of 7)
19
  • Nutrition
  • Glucose needed to burn fat and release energy
  • Need to balance glucose levels for the body to
    work properly
  • Too low weakness, shaking
  • Too high sluggishness

23
Revitalization (4 of 7)
19
  • Nutrition (continued)
  • Carbohydrates
  • Major source of fuel
  • Readily used by the body during high-intensity
    activities
  • Proteins
  • Used by the body to grow and repair tissues

24
Revitalization (5 of 7)
19
  • Nutrition (continued)
  • Fats
  • Used for energy, insulating and protecting
    organs, and breaking down vitamins
  • Simple sugars stimulate insulin production
  • Sugar consumption can lead to lower energy levels.

25
Revitalization (6 of 7)
19
  • Nutrition (continued)
  • During short incidents
  • Consume low-sugar, high-protein sports bars.
  • During extended incidents
  • Eat smaller, balanced meals that include complex
    carbohydrates.
  • Proper nutrition is part of a healthy lifestyle.

26
Revitalization (7 of 7)
19
  • Temperature stabilization
  • Remove turnout gear as soon as possible.
  • Remove damp clothing and replace with blankets.
  • Consider using cold compresses.
  • Move to climate-controlled environment.
  • In cold conditions, use a heated rehabilitation
    center.

27
Medical Evaluation and Treatment, Monitoring of
Vital Signs
19
  • Medical evaluation and treatment
  • Abnormal vital signs, pain, and injury
    necessitate further medical treatment.
  • Monitoring of vital signs
  • Monitor at regular intervals.
  • Vital signs should return to normal before fire
    fighter is reassigned.

28
Transportation to a Hospital
19
  • Ambulance available at rehabilitation centers to
  • Transport ill fire fighters
  • Transport injured fire fighters

29
Critical Incident Stress Management
19
  • CISM
  • Confronts critical incidents, defuses them, and
    directs the fire fighter toward physical and
    emotional balance
  • Team members may meet with companies or
    individual fire fighters.

30
Reassignment
19
  • Fire fighters released to reassignment following
  • Rest
  • Rehydration
  • Refueling
  • Rechecking that they are fit for duty
  • May return to the same or different tasks

31
Personal Responsibility in Rehabilitation
19
  • Safety Begins and Ends with You
  • Take care of yourself first, your team second,
    others third.
  • Know your own limits.
  • Be responsible participate in emergency incident
    rehabilitation.

32
Summary (1 of 5)
19
  • Rehabilitation is a special designated area where
    emergency personnel can rest.
  • Rehabilitation helps prevent injuries and
    illness.
  • Rehabilitation centers are often required at
    wildland fires and structure fires that are large
    or continue for long periods of time.

33
Summary (2 of 5)
19
  • Other incidents requiring rehabilitation include
  • Hazardous materials incidents
  • Long-duration search and rescue activities
  • Training activities and athletic events may
    require rehabilitation centers.
  • Adverse weather conditions increase the need for
    rehabilitation.

34
Summary (3 of 5)
19
  • Seven parts of revitalization
  • Physical assessment
  • Revitalization
  • Medical evaluation and treatment
  • Monitoring of vital signs
  • Transportation to a hospital
  • Critical incident stress management
  • Reassignment
  • Revitalization is of most concern to new fire
    fighters.

35
Summary (4 of 5)
19
  • Replace fluids before signs of dehydration become
    obvious.
  • Meet nutritional needs during minor incidents
    with low-sugar, high-protein sports bars.
  • During longer incidents, eat small frequent meals
    that contain the appropriate nutritional balance.

36
Summary (5 of 5)
19
  • Know your limits, listen to your body, and use
    rehabilitation facilities.
  • Safety begins and ends with you.
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