All of the following except ____ is a function of the lymphatic system.

1
All of the following except ____ is a function of
the lymphatic system.

1. Production, maintenance, and distribution of
   lymphocytes
2. Resisting and overcoming disease
3. Draining lymph from the bone marrow
4. Maintain normal blood composition and volume

2
Which of the following is true of lymphatic
capillaries?

1. They have smaller diameters than blood
   capillaries.
2. Endothelial cells of lymphatic capillaries are
   not bound tightly together, but they do overlap.
3. They have thicker walls than blood capillaries.
4. They form continuous tubes.

3
Which of the following is a dangerous consequence
of lymphedema in a limb?

1. Accumulation of toxins and pathogens due to
   stagnant interstitial fluids
2. Swelling and distension of the limb
3. Loss of elasticity in connective tissue of the
   affected limb
4. All of the above are correct

4
If the thymus failed to produce thymic hormones,
which population of lymphocytes is affected?

1. B lymphocytes
2. T lymphocytes
3. Monocytes
4. Antigen-producing cells

5
Why do lymph nodes enlarge during some infections?

1. Because of bacterial invasion and accumulation
2. Due to accumulation of antibodies
3. Due to accumulation of circulating T cells
4. Due to phagocytic and lymphatic cell division

6
After splenectomy, which immune functions become
impaired?

1. Initiation of immune response by B cells and T
   cells in response to antigens
2. Phagocytosis of damaged or infected cells
   circulating in blood
3. Complement activation
4. 1 and 2 are correct

7
Which of the following is not a characteristic or
function of nonspecific defenses?

1. Are present at birth
2. Destruction of abnormal cells by NK cells
3. Dependence on the activity of lymphocytes
4. Interferons coordinating defenses against viral
   infections

8
Why would the liver, lungs, and CNS be affected
by a low monocyte count in blood?

1. Kupffer cells, alveolar macrophages, and
   microglia are derived from monocytes.
2. Lack of monocytes causes NK lymphocytes to
   attack those structures.
3. The liver, lungs and CNS are secondary parts of
   the immune system.
4. None of the above is correct.

9
How do interferons increase resistance to viral
infections?

1. They can respond immediately.
2. They recognize abnormal cells by the presence of
   unusual antigens.
3. They interfere with viral replication inside
   cells.
4. All of the above are correct.

10
What effects do pyrogens have in the body?

1. Release complement
2. Increase temperature/cause fever
3. Stimulate NK cells
4. Release interferon

11
All of the following except ____ is an effect of
complement activation.

1. Making target cells easier to engulf
2. Destruction of target cell membranes
3. Attracting neutrophils and macrophages
4. Reducing inflammation

12
Why is having both cell-mediated and
antibody-mediated immunity integral to a healthy
immune system?

1. T cells defend against pathogens inside cells,
   while B cells defend against antigens in body
   fluids.
2. Cell-mediated immunity is genetically determined,
   while antibody-mediated immunity is acquired.
3. Cell-mediated immunity is specific, while
   antibody- mediated immunity is non-specific.
4. None of the above is correct.

13
Induced passive immunity ____, while induced
active immunity ____.

1. Is genetically determined/is conferred by
   administration of antibodies
2. Is conferred from mother to infant through breast
   milk/ develops after exposure to antigens in the
   environment
3. Is conferred by administration of
   antibodies/develops after administration of an
   antigen to prevent disease
4. Stimulates antibodies against something you might
   encounter in the future/combats something youve
   already been exposed to

Answer
14
If tolerance breaks down, what is the potential
result?

1. Lymphocytes divide to produce clones of
   themselves.
2. Lymphocytes would not remember an antigen they
   previously encountered.
3. The immune system would not be prepared to attack
   certain antigens.
4. B cells and T cells could attack normal antigens.

15
How can the presence of an abnormal peptide in
the cytoplasm of a cell initiate an immune
response?

1. By stimulating production of pyrogens, beginning
   an immune response
2. By becoming attached to B cells, which launch an
   immune response
3. By becoming attached to MHC and being presented
   to T cells
4. By altering the genetic programming of an
   infected cell

16
A decrease in the number of cytotoxic T cells
directly affects which type of immunity?

1. Acquired immunity
2. Innate immunity
3. Humoral immunity
4. Cell-mediated immunity

17
How does the absence of helper T cells affect the
antibody-mediated immune response?

1. Neither B cells nor T cells are stimulated to
   respond to a pathogen, therefore no immune
   response occurs.
2. Cytotoxic T cells proliferate.
3. Class II MHC proteins appear in the cell
   membrane.
4. Immune response is unaffected by loss of helper T
   cells.

18
What does an elevated number of plasma cells
indicate?

1. The cascade of events causing B cell activation
   has occurred.
2. Antibodies to a pathogen are diminishing.
3. CD4 cells have been activated.
4. 1 and 3 are correct

19
Which analogy is most appropriate for comparing
the interaction of an antibodys active site
binding with an antigen?

1. The heavy-chain constant segments interaction
   with the light chain of an antibody
2. A drug reaction, such as penicillin allergy
3. An enzyme interacting with a substrate molecule
4. The binding of a hapten and a carrier molecule

20
The formation of an antigen-antibody complex may
cause elimination of the antigen in what way?

1. An antibody binds to a site on a virus making
   the toxin incapable of attaching itself to a
   cell.
2. An antibody binds to antigenic determinant sites
   on two different antigens.
3. Antigens covered with antibodies attract
   phagocytes.
4. All of the above are correct.

21
How is the secondary response affected if memory
B cells for a particular antigen are absent?

1. A pathogen that had previously invaded would be
   recognized and killed quickly.
2. The secondary response would not occur.
3. Memory T cells take over the role of the memory B
   cells.
4. CD4 cells would differentiate into B cells.

22
Which kind of immunity protects a developing
fetus, and how is that immunity produced?

1. Natural active immunity maternal illness and
   recovery
2. Natural passive immunity the product of IgG
   antibodies
3. Artificial passive immunity injections of gamma
   globulins
4. Artificial active immunity vaccinations

23
Which of the following correctly describes the
sequence of WBCs responsible for overcoming a
bacterial infection?

1. Neutrophils and NK cells/phagocytes/ cytotoxic T
   cells/plasma cells
2. Memory B cells/plasma cells/NK cells
3. Phagocytes/plasma cells/antibodies
4. B cells/helper T cells/phagocytes/CD8 cells

24
Which of the following conditions can be
determined with a skin test?

1. If a baby has severe combined immunodeficiency
   disease
2. If a person has been exposed to an antigen
3. If a person has an autoimmune disease
4. If a person has diabetes mellitus

25
Denise is allergic to pollen. What is an allergy
and how is allergy to pollen classified?

1. Results from treatment with immunosuppressive
   agent/delayed hypersensitivity
2. Develops when the immune response targets normal
   body cells/cytotoxic reaction
3. An inappropriate or exaggerated immune
   response/immediate hypersensitivity
4. Results from problems of development of lymphoid
   organs/immune complex disorder

26
How does increased stress decrease the
effectiveness of the immune response?

1. By burning energy needed for immunity
2. By inhibiting interleukin secretion
3. By depressing the inflammatory response
4. 2 and 3 are correct