Robot Ethics

1
Robot Ethics

• By Fai Hon Leung

2
Definition of Robot

• Robot is a mechanical or virtual, artificial
  agents.
• It is usually a system that it has intent or
  agency of its own by judging from its appearance
  or movements.
• The term "robot" was first used in a play called
  "Rossum's Universal Robots" (R.U.R.) by the Czech
  writer Karel Capek in January 1921

3
The Impact of Robot

• The types of robots jobs can be classified into
  two major categories
• assembly and finishing of products
• performance of work in dirty, dull, inaccessible
  or hazardous environments.

4
The Impact of Robot

• Assembly and finishing of products
• Car production Welding
• Packaging Packaging of manufactured goods
• Electronics Mass produced printed circuit boards
  

5
The Impact of Robot

• Dirty, dull, inaccessible or hazardous
  environments
• Telerobots laparoscopic surgery
• Robots in home vacuum cleaning
• Military robots

6
Benefits to society

• Create jobs robot technicians, salesmen,
  engineers, programmers and supervisors.
• Industry improved management control and
  productivity and consistently high quality
  products.
• Reduce the costs of manufactured goods
• Jobs which require speed, accuracy, reliability
  or endurance can be performed better by a robot
  than a human.

7
Disadvantage to society

• Robots can cause unemployment semi-skilled or
  low skilled employment.
• Robot can accidentally hurt or kill a human.
• In 1979, Robert Williams was a worker at a Ford
  Motor Company factory
• the first individuals to be killed by a robot.
• Williams was retrieving a part from a storage bin
  when the robot's arm hit him in the head,

8
Ethical issues

• The robots' intelligence and ability to act could
  exceed humans.
• They were programmed to kill.
• Malicious programming or unsafe use of robots.
• problem about sex with improved and human like
  robots.

9
Laws for Robot

• The first robotics laws
• Non official but popularly use
• Written by Isaac Asimov, a famous science fiction
  writer.
• Introduced in his 1942 short story Runaround
• A robot may not injure a human being or, through
  inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
• A robot must obey orders given to it by human
  beings, except where such orders would conflict
  with the First Law.
• A robot must protect its own existence as long as
  such protection does not conflict with the First
  or Second Law.
• The 21st centurys laws
• South Koran
• Drafting an ethical code to prevent humans
  abusing robots, and vice versa since 2007.
• Park Hye-Young of the ministry's robot team said
  that the new guidelines could imitate the
  Asimovs three laws.

10
Laws for Robot

• Japan
• Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
  has drafted their own robotics laws since 2007
• Called a "Hugely Complex Set of Proposals"
• The first draft is 60-pages of civil
• All robots required to report any injuries they
  cause to the people they are meant to be helping
  or protecting to a central database,
• And these records are accessible by all
  robot-makers.
• Europe
• Members of the European Robotics Research Network
  (EURON) have identified five major areas that
  need to be addressed in 2007
• Safety, security, privacy, traceability, and
  identifiability
• Humans can both control and keep track of their
  robots while ensuring that the data they collect
  is used only for its intended purposes.