Core Adult Learning Principles of Malcolm Knowles

1
Core Adult Learning Principles of Malcolm Knowles

• Learners need to know
• Self-concept of the learner
• Prior experience of the learner
• Readiness to learn
• Orientation to learning
• Motivation to learn

2
Learners Need to Know

• Pedagogy
• The student needs to know what they must do to
  pass

• Andragogy
• Why
• What
• How

3
Self-Concept of the Learner

• Pedagogy
• Dependant

• Andragogy
• Increased need to be self-directed

4
Prior Experience of the Learner

• Pedagogy
• Learners experience seen as of little worth
• Experience of teacher and experts is paramount

• Andragogy
• Quality and quantity of experience
• Watch for habits, biases, and presuppositions

5
Readiness to Learn

• Pedagogy
• Learners must be ready when the teacher tells
  them they are ready

• Andragogy
• Ready to learn when life situation requires it

6
Orientation to Learning

• Pedagogy
• Subject matter centered

• Andragogy
• Life-centered
• Task-centered
• Problem-centered

7
Motivation to Learn

• Pedagogy
• External
• Grades
• Parental pressure
• Teacher approval

• Andragogy
• External
• Better jobs
• Better pay
• Internal
• Job satisfaction
• Self-esteem
• Quality of life

8

• How do our students fit this model?

9
January 6, 2005
10

• To increase the success of entering students at
  Southern Maine Community College by embedding
  best practices for college transition and student
  engagement in first semester courses