Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

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Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

• Anabolic stimulate muscle growth
• Androgenic stimulate male sex characteristics

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Androstane
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Male Sex Hormones
Before Castration
After Castration

• It was deduced that a secretion of the testes
  was responsible for male
• sex characteristics

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Testis Extract and Hormones from Urine
Testis extract High activity
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Testosterone
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Separation of Androgenicand Anabolic Effects

• Receptors for testosterone have the same
  affinity in the
• sex accessory organs as in skeletal muscle

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Nandrolone
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Metabolic Deactivationof Testosterone
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17a-substituted Derivatives
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17ß- Esters
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Structure Activity Relationship
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Performance Enhancers

• 17a- alkyl and 17ß- esters are not suitable for
  illegal use by athletes because of their
  prolonged life and ease of detection
• Prohormones are metabolized into active
  anabolics and occur
  naturally in the body

Androstenedione DHEA
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Side Effects
Side Effects of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids Side Effects of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids Side Effects of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids
Both Sexes Men Women
Increased risk of heart attack and stroke Testicular atrophy Clitoral enlargement
Increased aggression impotence Beard growth
Liver tumors, jaundice, peliosis hepatitis Enlarged prostrate Deepened voice
baldness Breast enlargement Breast diminution
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References
1. Kochakian, C. D. History of
Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids. Anabolic Steroid
Abuse. 1990, 29-50. 2. Block, John H. Beale,
John M. Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical
Chemistry. Pa Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
2004. 3. Kochakian, C. D. The Effects of Male
Hormone on the Protein and Energy Metabolism of
Castrate Dogs. Journal of Nutrition. 1935.
437-59. 4. Bowers, A. Edwards, J. Steroids
Ring A Modified Hormone Analogs, Part 1.
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 6. 1962. 5.
Celotti, F. Cesi, P. Anabolic Steroids A
review of their effects on the muscles, of their
possible mechanisms of action and of their use in
athletics. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology. 43(5). 1992. 469-77. 6.
Krieg, M. Characterization of the androgen
receptors in the muscle of the rat. Steroids
28. 1976. 261-74. 7. Counsell, R. E.
Adelstein, G. W. !9-Nor- and 19-Substituted
5a-Androst-2-ene Derivatives Journal of
Medicinal Chemistry. 1966. 685-9. 8. Delbeke,
Frans T. Prohormones and Sport. Journal of
Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 83.
2003. 245-51.