Linguistics for Everyone

1
Linguistics for Everyone

• Page 95
• Q-1,2,3,4

??? ,???
2
1. Describing Consonant sounds

• Using Table 3.1, describe the following sounds
  in terms of voicing, place of articulation, and
  manner of articulation. Example /p/ is a
  voiceless bilabial stop.
• 1. /f/ is a voiceless labio-dental fricative.
• 2. /h/is a voiceless glottal fricative.
• 3. /g/is a voiced velar stop.
• 4. /?/is a voiceless interdental fricative.
• 5. /n/is a voiced alveolar nasal.
• 6. /r/is a retroflex alveolar liquid.
• 7. /n/is an alveolar syllabic nasal.
• 8. /b/is a voiced bilabial stop.
• 9. /š/is a voiceless palatal fricative.
• 10. /c?/is a voiceless palatal affricate.
• 11. /j?/is a voiced palatal affricate.
• 12. /m/is a voiced bilabial nasal.

3
Voiced or Voiceless?

• Come up with four of words in which a sound
  differs only in voicing status
• for example pin and bin /p?n/ and /b?n/. Refer
  to the vowel chart in Tables 3.4 and 3.5 for help
  with transcribing vowels.
• Tip t?p is a voiceless alveolar
  stop
• dip d?p is a voiced alveolar
  stop
• Face fe?s is a voiceless labio-dental
  fricative
• vase ve?s is a voiced labio-dental
  fricative
• Car k?r is a voiceless velar
  stop
• jar j??r is a voiced palatal
  affricate
• Kin k?n is a voiceless velar
  stop
• gin d?n is a voiced velar stop

4
Different Places (of articulation)

• Looking at the consonant chart in Table 3.1,
  come up with three sets of three words, the words
  in each set differing only in the place of
  articulation of one of the sounds in the same
  position.
• For example, in the words pit, tit, kit, /pit/
  /tit/ /kit./, the initial sounds are all
  voiceless stops, but /p/ is bilabial, /t/ is
  alveolar, and /k/ is velar.
• Bill dill gill
• Feed seed heed
• Pip tip kip

The initial sounds are voiced stops, but /b/ is
bilabial /d/ is alveolar and /g/ is velar.
the initial sounds are voiceless fricatives but
/f/ is labio-dental /s/ is alveolar and /h/ is
glottal
the initial sounds are voiceless stops, but /p/
is bilabial, /t/ is alveolar, and /k/ is velar.
5
Different Manners (of Articulation)

• Looking at the consonant chart in Table 3.1,
  come up with three sets of two words each that
  differ only in the manner of articulation of one
  of the sounds in the same position.
• For example, in the words ship and chip sip cip
  the initial sounds are a voiceless palatal
  fricative /s/ and voiceless palatal affricate
  /c/. The differing sounds do not have to occur at
  the beginning of the word.
• done
• none
• bite
• mite
• sheep
• cheep

The initial sounds are a voiced alveolar stop /d/
and voiced alveolar nasal /n/
The initial sounds are a voiced bilabial stop /b/
and voiced bilabial nasal /m/
The initial sounds are a voiceless palatal
fricative /š/ and voiceless palatal affricate /
c? /