State Centre on Space Hydrometeorology

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Russian Federal Space Agency
Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and
Environmental Monitoring
High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica"
Lavochkin Association
State Centre on Space Hydrometeorology
"Planeta"
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica"
Mission objectives
Monitoring of the Earth atmosphere and surface in
Arctic region (inaccessible for observation from
geostationary orbit) on the base of
multispectral imaging with high temporal
resolution (15 30 min). Providing
heliogeophysical information in polar areas.
Maintaining data collection system,
telecommunication service for data exchange and
retransmission. Search Rescue service (
COSPAS-SARSAT ).
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica"
Main Tasks and Applications Utilization for
analysis and forecasting - weather in the
regional (Arctic) and global scales - ice
coverage in Arctic - aircrafts flight
conditions (cloudiness, wind, streams and etc.)
- snow cover - heliogeophysical
conditions Monitoring of extremal phenomena
(natural and antropogenic origin) Climate
changes monitoring Data collection and
retransmission from data collection platforms
(ground-, sea- and air-based platforms) Dissemina
tion of the satellite data, meteorological and
heliogeophysical data
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica"
"Arctica" System General Design
Spacecraft No.2
Spacecraft No.1
Command program data
Hydro meteorological and helio-geophysical data
Service data
Ground Complex for the data receiving, processing
and distribution
Ground control complex
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica"
Ballistic configuration of the space system
Spacecraft No.2
Location of the orbit operational parts -
beginning of the operational part of each
spacecraft is 3.2 hours before the apogee
passing - end of the operational part is
3.2 hours after the apogee passing -
relative drift of the orbit operational parts of
spacecraft No.1 and spacecraft No.2 equals 6
hours - provides continuous observation of the
arctic territories, located at the latitude,
higher than 60? N - provides continuous radio
visibility of the spacecrafts orbit operational
parts at the ground stations in Moscow,
Novosibirsk, Khabarovsk
Spacecraft No.1
Parameter of the spacecraft orbits - apogee
altitude (a) 40000 km - perigee
altitude (p) 1000 km - inclination (i)
63? - orbital period - 12
hours Positional relationship of the spacecraft
orbits coincidence of ascending node (O) of the
spacecraft No.1 orbit and descending node ( )
of the spacecraft No.2 orbit
O
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica"
Benefits of the high- elliptic orbits (HEO) at
the Arctic region

• 1. Providing the quasi-continuous observations
  for Arctic region (areas at latitudes higher than
  60? N).
• 2. The quasi- continuous observations need no
  more than 2 spacecrafts

Beginning of the operational part of High
Elliptical orbit
End of the operational part of High Elliptical
orbit
70? - limiting angle of the available observation
Available area for monitoring from HEO
Available area formonitoring from GEO
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica"
Comparison of the Arctic region viewing from the
GEO ( "Electro-L") and HEO ( "Arctica" )
1) View from "Electro-L " spacecraft
2) View from "Arctica " spacecraft
3) View from "Arctica " spacecraft
1) The Electro-L spacecraft is in the operation
position on the geostationary orbit. 2) The
Arctica spacecraft is approaching to beginning
of the operational part of high-elliptic orbit .
3) The Arctica spacecraft is approaching to
end of the operational part of high-elliptic
orbit .



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Basic geostationary spacecraft "Electro-L "
High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica"
Orbit is geostationary one. Operational position
of the spacecraft on geostationary orbit is 76?
W. Spacecraft mass in orbit 1620kg Payload
mass 435 kg Spacecraft orientation three-
axis stabilized platform Life time 10
years Launcher LV " Zenith" with "Fregat-SB"
booster Launch date 2008

• Spacecraft structure
• payload module, including
• - multichannel scanner MSU-GS
• - onboard radio engineering complex
  (OREC)
• - onboard data sampling system (ODSS)
• - heliogeophysical instrumentation
  complex (HPIC)
• orbital platform on the base of "Navigator "
  module

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Basic high-apogee spacecraft "Spectr-R "
High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica"
Main performances of the spacecraft Orbit
- apogee 330000 km - perigee 600 km
- inclination 51,3 Orbital mass of the
spacecraft 3660km Payload module mass
2500kg Antenna diameter 10m Spacecraft
orientation in three axes Life 3-5
years Launcher LV " Zenith" with "Fregat-SB"
booster Launch is planned on 2008

• Spacecraft structure
• Payload module, including
• - scientific instrumentation complex on
  the base of space radio telescope
• - high data rate radio complex (VIRK)
• Orbital platform on base of the Navigator
  module with high energy parameters

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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica "
Principles of design and main parameters of the
"Arctica"meteorological spacecraft
Spacecraft "Spectr-R "
Spacecraft "Electro-L "
Target instrumentation complex
Orbital platform
Spacecraft "Arctica "
Orbit High Elliptical apogee 330000
km perigee 600 km inclination 51?
Orbit is geostationary one
High Elliptical orbit apogee 40000 km perigee
1000 km inclination 63?

• Structure of the target instrumentation complex
• - multi channel scanner MSU-GSM
• - heliogeophysical instrumentation complex
  (GGAK)
• - onboard radioengineering complex (BRTK)
• - onboard data acquisition system (BSSD-M).

Orbital mass of the spacecraft 1850kg Target
instrumentation mass - 550 kg Spacecraft
orientation in three axes Life 7
years Launcher LV " Soyuz-2(1a) " with
"Fregat " booster
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica "
General view of the "Arctica " spacecraft
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica "
Payload module of the "Arctica " spacecraft
Receiving Antenna NA-1
GALS
BRTK Lavochkin Association
NTS OMZ
GGAK-E
Transmitting Directional Antenna NA-4
BRTK Lavochkin Association
ISP-2M
NTS OMZ
GGAK-E
Low Gain Antenna BAKIS
Lavochkin Association
MSU-GSM
Transmitting Directional Antenna NA-2
2 complete sets RNII KP
BRTK Lavochkin Association
Solar Cosmic Rays
High Gain Antenna
NTS OMZ
BRTK Lavochkin Association
GGAK-E
Magnetometer
NTS OMZ
Installed to the BMSS
GGAK-E
DIR-E
NTS OMZ
SKIF-6
GGAK-E
NTS OMZ
VUSS-E
NTS OMZ
GGAK-E
Transmitting Directional Antenna NA3
GGAK-E
BRTK Lavochkin Association
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica "
Orbital platform of the "Arctica" spacecraft on
the "Navigator" module base
Electrization control system
Automatic control and stabilization complex of
the power supply system
Novosibirsky State University
Scientific production centre Polus, Omsk
Telemetry
Public corporation Izhevsky radiozavod
Antenna feeder system
Onboard control complex
Propulsion system
Moscow Experimental Design Bureau Mars
Onboard cable network, the spacecraft
structure Lavochkin Association, Khimki
Solar array attitude control system
Accumulator battery
Antenna feeder system
Federal State Unitary Enterprise NPP VNIIEM,
Moscow
Public corporation Saturn, Krasnodar
Thermal control system
Lavochkin Association, Khimki
Solar array
Scientific production association PM, Krasnoyarsk
Payload
Correction and stabilisation thrusters
DIR-EGGAK-E
Propulsion system
NTS OMZ
Onboard equipment
VUSS-E GGAK-E
Federal State Unitary Enterprise Experimental
Design Bureau Fakel, Kaliningrad
NTS OMZ
Of the command-measuring system, RNII KP, Moscow
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica "
Performance characteristics of the MSU-GSM
instrument Coverage area whole visible Earth
disk (20?20 deg.) Number of the spectral
channels 10 (2 channels visible band, 8
channels IR band) Resolution
Optical Band - 1 ??, IR 4 km Survey
periodicity (clock round) 15...30 minutes.
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica "
Heliogeophysical measurements complex (GGAK-E)
The GGAK-E set includes 7 sensors SKIF-6
spectrometer of the corpuscular emission with
particle energy in the following ranges 0,0520,0
keV 0,031,5 MeV 0,530,0 MeV SKL-E
spectrometer of the solar cosmic rays with
particle energy in the following ranges 112
MeV, 30,0 300,0 MeV, ? 350,0 MeV GALS-E
detector of the galaxy cosmic rays with particles
energy in the range ? 600
MeV ISP-2M measurements of the solar constant
in the range 0,2-100 microns DIR-E -
measurements of the solar X-rays with energy in
the range 3-10 keV VUSS-E - measurements of the
solar UV radiation at the Hydrogen resonant line
?La (121,6 nm) FM-E magnetometer for the
magnetic field intensity measurement in the range
?300 nanotesla.
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica "
Schedule of the spacecraft activities for the
"Arctica" space system
Phase/stage of the Project
Draft Proposal release on the Space
System Presentation of the Draft Proposal.
Development of the Project Specification for the
Preliminary Design
Release and Presentation of Preliminary Design.
Approval of the Project Specifications on the
Space System Components
Development of the work documentation on update
of the used experimental items and the
Electro-L and Spectr-R spacecrafts models ,
production of models of the new designed onboard
instruments and units of the spacecrafts.
Development of the work documentation on the
equipment of Ground Control Complex and Ground
Complex on the Data Receiving, Processing and
Distribution of the Space Complexes Electro-L
and Spectr-R
Update of the existing onboard and ground
hardware and software for the Arctica Space
system and development of the new ones.
Update of the mockups and experimental models of
the Space System. Autonomous and complex
testing, update of the work documentation on the
flight models.
Production of the hardware, ground autonomous and
complex testing of the flight hardware set.
Launch of the spacecrafts. Flight tests of the
Space System with the spacecraft No.1.
Update of the work documentation using flight
tests results and production and launch of the
spacecraft No.2.
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica "
Cost of the space system establishment

• The cost estimation includes following items
• - cost of the development work on the target
  
  instrumentation production.....................
  ................140 millions of roubles
• cost of the development work on the orbital
  platform
• production ....220 millions
  of roubles
• - cost of the two flight spacecraft production
  and their
  preparation for launch. 1400
  millions of roubles
• - cost of the Ground spacecraft control complex
  
  production establishment ........................
  ............... 40 millions of roubles
• cost of the Ground complex for the data
  receiving,
  processing and distribution of the 1st
  stage.. 400 millions of roubles
• 
  -------------------
  ------------
• 
  Total 2200
  millions of roubles

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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica "
Budget expenses for the "Arctica " system
development, millions of roubles
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70
980
675
Costs of the spacecraft delivery to the orbits
and risk insurance are not presented in the
diagram
285
180
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
2013
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High-elliptical Orbits Satellite System "Arctica "
Conclusions

• To a great extent the progress of global and
  regional numerical weather forecasting, as well
  as providing safety navigation along Northern Sea
  Route together with many other Earth monitoring
  problems depends on the capabilities to provide
  hydrometeorological information for the Arctic
  region (at the latitudes higher than 60 deg. N)
  in quasi-continuous mode with high temporal
  resolution.
• 2. Geostationary meteorological satellites cannot
  provide such information and therefore the
  proposed "Arctica" system should supplement
  existing global satellite observation system.
• 3. Russia has great experience on design and
  exploitation HEO satellite systems, as well as
  the technical stock on the development of
  "Electro-L" and "Spectr-R" type spacecrafts.
  Based on this Roscosmos and Roshydromet (as
  responsible Russian governmental bodies) propose
  to realize "Arctica" project in the frame of
  wide international cooperation.