Studying Space Chapter 26 Notes

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Studying SpaceChapter 26 Notes

• Standards
• 2b Students know galaxies are made of billions of
  stars and comprise most of the visible mass in
  the universe.
• 2d. Students know that stars differ in their life
  cycles, and visual, radio, and x-ray telescopes
  may be used to collect data that reveal those
  differences.

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The Value of Astronomy

• Studying astronomy leads to the discovery of
  planets, stars, black holes, formation of our
  earth
• Benefits to humans may include finding new
  sources of energy
• May help protect us from disasters such as
  collisions between Earth and Asteroids

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Characteristics of the Universe

• Universe began to form about 14-15 billion years
  ago with The Big Bang and continues to expand.
• The Universe is very large and objects are far
  apart.
• The nearest part of the universe to Earth is the
  our Solar System, the sun, the moon, planets and
  asteroids.

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Measuring Distances in the Universe

• Since the Universe is so big we can not use our
  system of measurement to determine distances
• To measure distances in the Solar System we use
  the distance between the Earth and the Sun. This
  is an Astronomical Unit or AU
  149,597,870.691km
• Speed of Light 9.46 x 10 How far light travels
  in a year. The closest star (besides the sun) is
  4.22 light years away from Earth.

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Observing Space

• Stars emit light which allows us to observe the
  night sky. (Planets do not emit light)
• Humans can only see visible light. But some
  objects emit light through radiation, x-ray or
  radio waves. The Electromagnetic Spectrum
  includes all form of light.
• Different forms of light travels at different
  speeds/wavelengths. Astronomers use special
  instruments to detect electromagnetic radiation.

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Electromagnetic Spectrum
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Telescopes

• In 1569 Galileo
• used two lenses to
• make objects
• appear closer.

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Types of Telescopes

• Optical Telescopes collect only visible light
• Reflecting telescopes used a curved mirror to
  gather and focus light from distant objects

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Refracting Telescope

• Bends light to gather
• images

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Hubble Space Telescope

• Collects
• Electro
• Magnetic radiation
• From objects
• In space

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Human Space Exploration

• Apollo
• Astronauts

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