World History Tournament of Champions

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World History Tournament of Champions
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• Hammurabi, King of Babylon, he is the writer of
  the first written uniform code of law
• Vs.
• Hatshepsut, 5th Pharoah of the 18th dynasty, she
  is considered by Egyptologists as one of the most
  successful pharoahs

3

• Moses, biblical leader, lawgiver and prophet who
  is believed to be the author of the Torah
• Vs.
• Ramses the Great, third Pharoah of the 19th
  Dynasty, considered to be the greatest of the
  pharoahs as he ruled for over 66 years

4

• Homer, Greek poet and author of the epics The
  Iliad and The Odyssey, poems used in education
• Vs.
• Aesop, Greek slave who Aesops Fables are
  attributed to these stories teach moral lessons
  to children

5

• Pericles, Greek statesman who ruled Athens during
  the Golden Age between the Persian and
  Peloponnesian Wars considered Athens first
  citizen
• Vs.
• Socrates, Greek philosopher and one of the
  founders of Western Philosophy known for his
  interpretation of ethics and the Socratic Method

6

• Aristotle, Greek philosopher and one of the
  founders of Western Philosophy, student of Plato
  and teacher of Alexander the Great
• Vs.
• Plato, Greek philosopher and one of the founders
  of Western Philosophy known for founding the
  Academy in Athens, the first institute of higher
  learning in the Western World

7

• Euclid, Greek mathematician, considered the
  Father of Geometry, his work Elements is
  considered the most successful textbook in the
  history of mathematics
• Vs.
• Hippocrates, Greek physician and considered the
  Father of Medicine, he founded the Hippocratic
  School of Medicine, thus establishing medicine as
  its own profession

8

• Hannibal, a Carthaginian military commander who
  dared defy Rome during the Second Punic War,
  known as one of the most talented military
  commanders in history
• Vs.
• Julius Caesar, Roman military commander and
  political leader of the first triumvirate who
  transformed Rome from a Republic to an Empire

9

• Charlemagne, Frankish King who expanded his
  Empire into most of Western and Central Europe,
  crowned Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas Day in
  800 by Pope Leo III
• Vs.
• Napoleon, French military and political leader, a
  soldier who became Emperor of a new French
  Empire, shaping 19th century European politics

10

• Sundiata, founder of the Mali Kingdom, the Lion
  King is loosely based on his epic story as hero
  of the Malinke people of Western Africa
• Vs.
• Mansa Musa, 10th emperor of the Mali Kingdom,
  first African king to make the hajj and leader in
  promoting Islamic scholarship in Africa

11

• Marco Polo, Venetian trader and explorer known as
  one of the first Westerners to travel the Silk
  Road and meet Kublai Khan
• Vs.
• Ibn Battuta, Muslim scholar and explorer who
  traveled for almost 30 years through parts of
  Northern and Western Africa, Europe, Eastern
  Europe, India, Central Southeast Asia and China

12

• Prince Shotoku, Japanese regent and politician
  who laid the groundwork for a centralized
  government, proponent of Buddhism leading to a
  time of great art and culture
• Vs.
• Lady Murasaki, Japanese novelist, poet, and maid
  of the Imperial Court, known as writer of the The
  Tale of Genji, one of the earliest novels in
  human history

13

• Joan of Arc, French national heroine and a
  Catholic saint, a peasant girl who led the French
  Army to several victories during the Hundred
  Years War
• Vs.
• Elizabeth I, also known as the Virgin Queen,
  Elizabeth is credited with the founding of the
  Church of England, the defeat of the Spanish
  Armada and ruling during the golden age of
  England or the Elizabethan Era

14

• St. Francis of Assisi, Friar and founder of the
  Franciscan order, known as patron saint of Italy
  and animals, challenged Muslim scholars to a
  trial by fire of the power of God during the
  Crusades
• Vs.
• St. Thomas Aquinas, a priest of the Roman
  Catholic Church who is known as a great
  philosopher and theologian, it is believed that
  his ideas of theology were immensely influential
  in modern Western philosophy

15

• Dante, called Father of the Italian language,
  he was the writer of The Divine Comedies which is
  considered one of the greatest literary works
  composed in Italian
• Vs.
• Chaucer, an English poet and writer of The
  Canterbury Tales, one of the proponents of the
  use of vernacular English in writing and called
  Father of English Literature

16

• Machiavelli, a Renaissance Man who wrote The
  Prince, a book on politics that proposed
  politicians should be realists and use deception
  if warranted
• Vs.
• Thomas More, an English statesman and Renaissance
  humanist who coined the word utopia, he was
  beheaded for refusing to acknowledge Henry VIII
  as the head of the Church of England

17

• Shakespeare, an English poet and playwright who
  is considered one of the Greatest Writers of the
  English language, his plays have been translated
  into every living language and have been
  performed more than any other writer
• Vs.
• Elvis Presley, called the King of Rock and
  Roll, a cultural icon, he is considered one of
  the most influential music artists in history,
  his music was best-selling in its time and
  continues to sell today

18

• Genghis Khan, founder of the largest empire in
  history, head of the Mongols
• Vs.
• Zheng He, Chinese explorer and diplomat whose
  voyages spanned between the years of 1405 1433,
  some historians believe him to be the first world
  explorer

19

• Magellan, Portuguese explorer, who is credited
  with manning the first expedition to
  circumnavigate the globe
• Vs.
• Francis Drake, English sea captain, explorer and
  privateer, he was second in command during the
  Spanish Armada and was hailed as an English hero
  for sailing around the world

20

• Isaac Newton, English physicist and mathematician
  whose book, Philosophae Naturalis Principia
  Mathematica, is considered the most influential
  book in the history of Science, credited with the
  discovery of gravity and co-founder of calculus
• Vs.
• Francis Bacon, English philosopher, statesman,
  lawyer and scientist, known for establishing the
  scientific method still in use today

21

• Catherine the Great, Russian empress who
  continued westernization, improved
  administration, and expanded the empire making
  Russia a power in Europe
• Vs.
• Peter the Great, Russian tsar and predecessor to
  Catherine known for initial Westernization and
  expansion of Russia making Russia an Eastern
  European power to be reckoned with

22

• Louis XIV, King of France, known as the Sun
  King, an absolute monarch who built the lavish
  palace of Versailles and set the standard for
  monarchical power
• Vs.
• Louis XVI, King of France during the French
  Revolution, married to Marie Antoinette, was
  tried and convicted of treason and executed by
  the guillotine

23

• John Locke, English philosopher, and
  Enlightenment thinker whose ideas were reflected
  in the American Declaration of Independence
• Vs.
• Rousseau, French philosopher who influenced both
  political and educational thought, influential
  during the French Revolution

24

• Lenin, Russian revolutionary, leader during the
  October Revolution and first leader of the Union
  of Soviet Socialist Republics
• Vs.
• Stalin, leader of the USSR following Lenin,
  launched new economic plans, allied power during
  WWII, formed the Eastern bloc, began the Cold War

25

• Franklin Delano Roosevelt, United States
  President who led the country through the Great
  Depression and WWII, only president in US history
  to be elected to 4 terms as president
• Vs.
• Winston Churchill, Prime Minister to the United
  Kingdom during WWII, a British politician,
  orator, historian, artist and Nobel prize winning
  author

26

• Adolf Hitler, German politician and leader of the
  Nazi party, fascist dictator of Germany during
  WWII, ruled through nationalism, oratory and
  propaganda
• Vs.
• Benito Mussolini, Italian politician and
  journalist who became leader of the National
  Fascist Party and Prime Minister of Italy, led
  Italian military forces through WWII

27

• Mao Zedong, Communist leader and founder of the
  Peoples Republic of China, a revolutionary who
  is credited with making China a major power in
  world politics, but also for failures in China
  such as the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural
  Revolution
• Vs.
• Gandhi, revolutionary political and spiritual
  leader in India, known in India as the Father of
  the Nation, his non-violent techniques of
  protest inspired independence and civil rights
  movements around the world

28

• Attaturk, nationalist leader after WWI turned the
  former Ottoman Empire into the Republic of
  Turkey, which he served as the first president,
  led the nation using Enlightenment ideals to a
  modern, democratic, secular, nation-state
• Vs.
• Nasser, second president of Egypt, founder of the
  Palestinian Liberation Organization, leader in
  pan-Arabism movement, important political figure
  in modern Arab history

29

• Jomo Kenyatta, first prime minister and president
  of Kenya, considered the founding father of the
  nation of Kenya, co-founder of the Pan-African
  Federation, brought Kenya into the UN
• Vs.
• Nelson Mandela, anti-apartheid activist and first
  President of South Africa to be elected in a
  fully represented election, he has taken the lead
  in establishing a racially diverse democratic
  government and won several awards including the
  Nobel Peace Prize

30

• Helen Keller, American author, political
  activist, and the first deaf-blind person to
  receive a Bachelor of the Arts degree, she
  campaigned for womans suffrage, workers rights,
  in opposition to the war, and for socialism
• Vs.
• Mother Theresa, an Albanian Roman Catholic nun
  who gained international acclaim as a
  humanitarian and tireless worker for the poor,
  helpless, sick and dying, she started the
  Missionaries of Charity that administers over 600
  missions and received the Nobel Peace Prize for
  her charitable works

31

• Lech Walesa, Polish politician who founded the
  first Soviet independent trade union, Solidarity,
  fought for human rights and won a Nobel Peace
  Prize before becoming President of Poland
• Vs.
• Mikhail Gorbachev, Russian politician who served
  as the last General Secretary of the Communist
  Party of the Soviet Union and the last leader of
  the Soviet Union until its collapse in 1991, he
  led many reforms leading to the end of the Cold
  War and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

32

• Deng Xiaoping, Chinese revolutionary, politician
  and reformer, he is credited with introducing a
  Chinese Socialist Market Economy beginning the
  opening up of China into the global economy
• Vs.
• Dalai Lama, Tibetan spiritual leader and retired
  leader of the Tibetan government-in- exile, he
  has won the Nobel Peace Prize, is a noted
  speaker, and is the 14th in a line of Tibetan
  leaders, he has sought to spread Buddhist
  teachings, global harmony and interfaith
  cooperation

33

• Ronald Reagan, former President of the United
  States, former California Governor, spokesperson
  for GE, and president of the Screen Actors Guild,
  he headed the US government at the end of the
  Cold War, preferring arms build-up to détente,
  responsible for military actions in Grenada and
  Libya, died in 2004 after battling Alzheimers
• Vs.
• Barack Obama, current President of the United
  States, first African-American president, former
  US Senator from Illinois, community organizer,
  civil rights attorney, first African-American
  president of the Harvard Law Review, graduate of
  Columbia University and Harvard Law School,
  defeated John McCain in November 2008