Pervaporation

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?????????????
???????? 253789

• Pervaporation

??????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????? ??
??????????????????
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????????????

• ?????????????????????? Pervaporation (PV)
• ????????? PV
• ???????????????????? PV
• ????????????? PV

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Pervaporation

• Pervaporation (PV) ?????????????????????????????
  ???????????????? Vacuum ??????????????????????????
  ?????????????????
• History
• 1917 ????????????? Pervaporation ??? Kober
• 1950s ?????????? PV ??????????????????????????????
  ??
• 1970s Monsanto ????????? ???????????????
  Commercial
• Neel and Aptel ???????????????????????
• 1982 GFT ?????????????????????????????? PV
• 1996 Membrane Technology Research
• ??????????? VOCs ??????????

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PV History
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?????

• ???????????? Gas Separation ??? ??????? Feed
  ???????????
• PV ??????????????????? (Dense Membrane)
  ?????????????

??? Ji ?????? Gas Separation
Permeability Coefficient pif ???????????????
i ?? Feed pip ??????????????? i ?? Permeate
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?????

• ???????????? (Separation Factor)

???? ?ij ??? ????????????????????????????

• Pervaporation Separation Index (PSI)
  ?????????????? ?ij ????????????

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Membrane Swelling

• ???????????????? (Swelling) ????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????
• ????????? Plasticization ???? Plasticizing Effect
  
• 1) ?????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?
• 2) ????????????????????????????
• 3) ????????????????????????? ???????????????????
  ?????????????
• ????????? 2 ?????????? - i ??? j (?????????????)
• 1) Plasticizing Effect ??????????????????
  ?????????????
• 2) Coupling Effect ??????????????????????
  ????????????????????

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????????????

• ???????????????????????
• Concentration Polarization
• ?? PV ?????????????? CP ????????????????????
• ????? PV ??????????????? (lt 1 kg/m2.h) ????? CP
  ????????

kL mass transfer coeff. in liquid phase Qm
diffusion coeff. in membrane kp mass transfer
coeff. in permeate ????????????
???????????????????? lt 15 mmHg
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????? 1

• ???????????? Cellulose Ester ????????? 20 ?m
  ?????????????????? 10 cm ??????????????? PV
  ????????????????????? ????????????????????????????
  ???????? 1 mBar ?????????????????????????????????
  ???????? 20 ?C ????????????(???) ??? 12 g ??????
  2 ??????? ??????????????????????????????????????
• ???????? ??????????????? 2339 Pa ??? 20 ?C

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??????????????????? PV

• 1. ?????????????????????
• ???????????????????? ?????????????????????
  ??????????? ????????????????
• 2. ????????????
• ??????????? ??????????? ??????? CP /
  ????????????? ???????????
• 3. ??????????????????
• ??????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????
  Arrhenius Law
• ????????? Ai ???????? Ep ????????????????????
  ?????????? (J/mol)
• 4. ???????????????????
• ???????????????????????????? ??????????????????

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Membrane Modules

• ??????? Gas Separation ???????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????
• Module Plate Frame / Spiral Wound / Hollow
  Fibre
• ???????? 2 ??????????
• 1) ????????? (Hydrophilic)
• PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol), PAA (Polyacrylic Acid)
  ??? Chitosan --- ???? cross-link
  ???????????????????? ?????? 0.5-1 kg/m2.h
  ??????????? 5000 ??????????????????????????
• 2) ???????????? (Hydrophobic)
• ???????????? ??? PDMS, POMS, PTMSP, PEBA
  ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????
  ?? Silicalite ?????????????????????????

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???????
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???????????????? ???????? VOC ?????????
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??????????????????
??????? Vacuum
?????????????????????? vacuum ??????? (a)
(b) ?????? ??? (c) ???????????????? VOC ?????
??????????????????????
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??????????????????
????????
???????????? VOC ?????????????? ??????????
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??????????????????
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??????????????????
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Applications

• ????????????????????? (Alcohol Dehydration)
• ????????????????? ????????????????????/????????
  ???
• ???????????????? gt 95 ????????????????? 3
  (Benzene , Hexane)
• PV ?????????? 99.5
• ???????????????? ??????????????
  ??????????????? ?????????????
• ???????? (10-99.5) 2310-2480 Kcal/kg ethanol
• PV (80-99.5) 340 Kcal/kg ethanol
• PV (GFT) (90-99.5) 60 Kcal/kg ethanol

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(No Transcript)
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Ethanol Dehydration
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???? Hybrid
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Applications

• 2. ??????????????????????? (VOC Separation from
  Water)
• ??? Phenol Toluene Trichloromethane ????????????
  
• ????????????????????????????????????????
• ???????? VOCs ???????????????? ??????? H gt 2
  atm/mol
• ?????????????????? 200-50000 ppm ?????? 100 ppm
  Oxidation
• ??????? Steam Stripping ???????????????????????
  ??

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???? PV ????????????
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???????????????? VOCs ??????
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??????? VOCs ?????????????????? Batch
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??????? VOCs ???????????????
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• 1. Dehydration of 1,4-dioxane by pervaporation
  using crosslinked calcium alginate-chitosan blend
  membranes
• 2. Crosslinked organicinorganic hybrid chitosan
  membranes for pervaporation dehydration of
  isopropanolwater mixtures with a long-term
  stability
• 3. MSE (Molecular Surface Engineering) modified
  membranes in organophilic pervaporation for
  aromatics/aliphatics separation
• 4. Crosslinked organicinorganic hybrid chitosan
  membranes for pervaporation dehydration of
  isopropanolwater mixtures with a long-term
  stability
• 5. Pervaporation study of aqueous ethanol
  solution through zeolite-incorporated multilayer
  poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes Effect of zeolites