Biological

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Biological and Bioorganic Chemistry
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Some useful material
niichem.univer.kharkov.ua/physorg chemlaba.wordpre
ss.com
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What shall we do?
Introduction to organic and biological chemistry.
Classes and nomenclature of organic compounds.
Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. SR and
AdE reactions.
Feb 14
Aromatic hydrocarbons. Orientation in the
aromatic ring. Halogen derivatives of
hydrocarbons. SN reacions. Alcohols, ethers.
Polyhydric alcohols.
Feb 21
Feb 28
Carbonyl compounds aldehydes and ketones.
Carbohydrates.
Carboxylic acids and their derivatives amides,
nitriles, anhydrides. Esters, fats.
Mar 7
Amines, aminoacids, peptides. Heterocyclic
compounds and their biological activity.
Mar 14
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Amines
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The amino group
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Naming aliphatic amines
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Amines classification
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Isomerism of amines
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Synthesis of amines
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Synthesis of amines
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Synthesis of amines
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Synthesis of amines
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Basicity of amines
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Reactions of amines
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Reactions of amines
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Reactions of amines
Hofmann elimination
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Biologically active amines
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Amino acids and peptides
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Amino acids structure
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Amino acids structure
Unionized (1) and zwitterionic (2) structures of
amino acids
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Standard amino acids
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Standard amino acids
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Standard amino acids
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Standard amino acids
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Peptide bond formation
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Polypeptides
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Polypeptides and proteins
Like other biological macromolecules such
as polysaccharides and nucleic acids, proteins
are essential parts of organisms and participate
in virtually every process within cells. Many
proteins are enzymes that catalyze biochemical
reactions and are vital to metabolism. Proteins
also have structural or mechanical functions,
such as actin and myosin in muscle and the
proteins in the cytoskeleton, which form a system
of scaffolding that maintains cell shape. Other
proteins are important in cell signaling, immune
responses, cell adhesion, and the cell cycle.
Proteins are also necessary in animals' diets,
since animals cannot synthesize all the amino
acids they need and must obtain essential amino
acids from food. Through the process
of digestion, animals break down ingested protein
into free amino acids that are then used in
metabolism.
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Biologically active heterocycles
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Carboxylic acids derivatives
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Pyrrole derivatives - porphyrins
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Indole derivatives tryptophan and LSD
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Pyridine derivatives vitamin B6, nicotine,
cocaine
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Imidazole and pyrazole derivatives histamine,
analgin
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Drugs activity and danger
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Caffeine an everyday narcotic