??????,?????????(Mintzberg)

1
????????????????????????????
2
????

• ?????
• ???????
• ??????????
• ????
• ????
• ????

3
???????
4
??????
???????
5
??????????????????,????????????,??????????????????
?(???,1999)?
???????
6
??????-????????
???????
7
??????
???????

• ???????
• ????????????????
• ??????????????
• ??????,?????????(Mintzberg)

8
???????????,????????????(????)
???????
9
?????????
???????
10
?????????
???????

• ???????,??????
• ????????????
• ??????????

11
??????--????
???????
12
???????

• ??????????,????????????,??
• 1.????????????????,???????????????
• 2.??????????????????????????,???????(Shapiro,1997)
  ?

13
??????
???????
14
?????????
15
????(?????)??
?????????
??????
??????
???? ? ??????
?????
?????
???????????????
??????
????
???????
16
??????(?????)??
?????????
17
?????????

• ???????
• 1.????????????
• 2.??????????
• 3.???????????
• 4.?????????,?????????????(????,1995)

18
????????????
19
?????
????????????
20
?????(?)
????????????

• ????,??????????????
• ???????????????,????
• ??,?????????????????
• ??
• ?????,??????????????
• ?,?????????????????

21
????
????????????

• ????(mission statement)-What is our business?
• ??(vision)- What do we want to become?

22
?????????(Peter Drucker)
????????????

• 1.??(customers)
• 2.??(??)(products/services)
• 3.??(markets)
• 4.??(technology)
• 5.???????(concern for survival, growth, and
  profitability)
• 6.????(philosophy)
• 7.????(self-concept)
• 8.????(concern for public image)
• 9.??????(concern for employees)

23
?????????
????????????
24
????????????

• Customers
• We believe our first responsibility is to the
  doctors, nurses, and patients, to mothers and all
  others who use our products and services.
  (Johnson Johnson)

25
????????????

• Products or Services
• Standard Oil Company (Indiana) is in business to
  find and produce crude oil, natural gas, and
  natural gas liquids to manufacture high quality
  products useful to society from these raw
  materials and to distribute and market those
  products and to provide dependable related
  services to the consuming public at reasonable
  prices. (Standard Oil Company)

26
????????????

• Markets
• We are dedicated to the total success of Corning
  Glass Works as a worldwide competitor. (Corning
  Glass Works )

27
????????????

• Technology
• Control Data is in the business of applying
  micro-electronics and computer technology in two
  general areas computer-related hardware and
  computing-enhancing services, which include
  computation, information, education and finance
  (Control Data )

28
????????????

• Concern for survival, growth, and profitability
• To serve the worldwide need for knowledge at a
  fair profit by gathering, evaluating, producing
  and distributing valuable information in a way
  that benefits our customers, employees, authors,
  investors, and our society. (McGraw-Hill)

29
????????????

• Philosophy
• Its all part of the Mary Kay philosophy-a
  philosophy based on the golden rule. A spirit of
  sharing and caring where people give cheerfully
  of their time, knowledge, and experience. (Mary
  Kay Cosmetics)

30
????????????

• Self-concept
• Crown Zellerbach is committed to leapfrogging
  competition within 1,000 days by unleashing the
  constructive and creative abilities and energies
  of each of its employees. (Crown Zellerbach)

31
????????????

• Concern for public image
• To contribute to the economic strength of society
  and function as a good corporate citizen on a
  local, state, and national basis in all countries
  in which we do business. (Pfizer)

32
????????????

• Concern for employees
• To recruit, develop, motivate, reward, and retain
  personnel of exceptional ability, character and
  dedication by providing good working conditions,
  superior leadership, compensation on the basis of
  performance, an attractive benefit program,
  opportunity for growth, and a high degree of
  employment security. (The Wachovia Corporation)

33
????????????

• Mission Statements of Eleven Organization
• American Home Products
• American Home Products Corporation makes a
  significant contribution to health care worldwide
  as a leader in researching, developing,
  manufacturing and marketing products that meet
  important health needs.
• Our prescription drugs, nutritionals,
  over-the-counter medications, and medical
  devices, supplies and instrumentation benefit
  millions of people. We also produce and market
  well-known quality food brands in the United
  States and Canada.

34
????????????

• We are focused on improving health care by
  finding and commercializing innovative,
  cost-effective therapies and technologies. Key to
  our efforts are efficient manufacturing, global
  distribution and marketing, and strict financial
  controls.
• In 1992, American Home Products Corporation
  achieved record sales and earnings, and the
  company increased its dividend for the 41st
  consecutive year.

35
????????????

• Pfizer, Inc.
• Pfizer, Inc. is a research-based, global health
  care company. Our principal mission is to apply
  scientific knowledge to help people around the
  world enjoy longer, healthier and more productive
  lives. The company has four business segments
  health care, consumer health care, food science
  and animal health. We manufacture in 39
  countries, and our products are available
  worldwide.

36
????????????

• Chase Manhattan Corporation
• We provide financial services that enhance the
  well-being and success of individuals,
  industries, communities and countries around the
  world.
• Through our shared commitment to those we
  serve, we will be the best financial services
  company in the world.
• Customers will choose us first because we
  deliver the highest quality service and
  performance.
• People will be proud and eager to work here.
• Investors will buy our stock as a superior
  long-term investment.

37
????????????

• To be the best for our customers, we are team
  players who show respect for our colleagues and
  commit to the highest standards of quality and
  professionalism.
• Customer focus
• Respect for each other
• Teamwork
• Quality
• Professionalism

38
????????????

• Food Lion, Inc.
• The Food Lion team will work hard to use our
  talents and resourcefulness to satisfy every
  customer by providing Extra Low Prices on a wide
  variety of quality products in a clean,
  convenient, and friendly environment.

39
????????????

• Apple Computer
• It is Apples mission to help transform the way
  customers work, learn and communicate by
  providing exceptional personal computing products
  and innovative customer services.
• We will pioneer new directions and approaches,
  finding innovative ways to use computing
  technology to extend the bounds of human
  potential.
• Apple will make a difference our products,
  services and insights will help people around the
  world shape the ways business and education will
  be done in the 21st century.

40
????????????

• ATT
• We are dedicated to being the worlds best at
  bringing people together-giving them easy access
  to each other and to the information and services
  they want-anytime, anywhere.

41
????????????

• Bancorp Hawaii, Inc.
• The mission of Bancorp Hawaii is to be the
  finest, most effective financial services
  organization in the state of Hawaii and the
  Pacific markets we serve.
• As a family of companies built around an
  outstanding regional bank, we will sell and
  deliver a broad range of services that meet the
  needs of our customers at prices which are
  competitive and consistent with our profit goals.
• Our basic business strategy is to identify,
  understand and then satisfy the financial needs
  and wants of consumers, businesses, and
  governments. We will be alert to changes which
  impact our businesses and exercise initiative to
  capitalize on new opportunities.

continued
42
????????????

• The geographic scope of our business will be
  expanded only to areas where our unique
  background, experience and capabilities will give
  us a competitive advantage and a reasonable
  opportunity for an adequate financial return. We
  will introduce only those new financial services
  which we can perform well.
• Two primary goals are to achieve significant
  reductions in noninterest expense through
  enhanced productivity and automation and to
  increase noninterest income by marketing
  fee-based services.

continued
43
????????????

• We want to conduct our business under
  conditions largely determined by ourselves and
  will, therefore, always maintain a strong
  financial position. Our goal is to consistently
  rank among the top 10 percent of our peer group
  in terms of financial performance. This will
  ensure that we will fulfill our responsibility to
  increase the value of our shareholders
  investment.
• We will maintain a stimulating work
  environment-one that encourages, recognizes, and
  rewards high achievers, at all levels of the
  organization.
• We will always conduct ourselves with integrity
  and endeavor to be a good neighbor and a
  responsible corporate citizen.

44
????????????

• Bellsouth Corporation
• Bellsouth Corporation provides information
  services in local exchange and exchange access
  markets in its nine-state franchised territory.
  It also provides communications services and
  products such as advertising and publishing,
  mobile cellular telephone service, paging, and
  telecommunications and computer systems through
  its entities, in both the nine-state region and
  other major U.S. and international markets.

45
????????????

• Corning, Inc.
• Our purpose is to deliver superior, long-range
  economic benefits to our customers, our
  employees, our shareholders, and to the
  communities in which we operate. We accomplish
  this by living our corporate values.

46
????????????

• Nicholls State University (College Business)
• The principal mission of the College of Business
  is to prepare students to participate in society
  and the work force as educated individuals able
  to compete in a dynamic global economy. In order
  to enrich the learning process, the College also
  contributes to scholarship through applied
  research and instructional development.

47
????????????

• In addition to providing support to the employer
  community through the development of marketable
  skill in potential employees, the College also
  enhances the competitive capabilities of regional
  businesses by providing continuing education
  courses and consulting services through the Small
  Business Development Center (SBDC) and the
  individual efforts of faculty. The faculty
  advances the welfare of the University, the
  community, and academic and professional
  organizations through professional interactions.

48
????????????

• Sam Houston State University (College of Business
  Administration)
• The mission of the College of Business
  Administration is to support Sam Houston State
  Universitys mission by providing students with
  the educational experience in the field of
  business necessary to become productive citizens,
  to develop successful business-related careers
  and to provide interested students with the
  background necessary to pursue advanced studies
  in the field of business and related fields. The
  educational experience at the undergraduate and
  masters levels is designed to provide students
  with the intellectual flexibility to be
  successful in a dynamic business environment.

49
????????????

• The highest priority of the College of Business
  Administration is teaching, primarily at the
  undergraduate level. In addition, the College
  encourages faculty professional development,
  scholarly productivity, and service to benefit
  all stakeholders students, alumni, donors,
  regional businesses, and the State of Texas.

50
??????
51
????
??????

• ????
• ????
• ????
• ????
• ???????
• ??????
• ????

PEST??
???????
???????
SWOT??
52
PEST??
??????
53
????????-??????
??????

• ???????????,??????? ?
• ???? ( ?) ??????????
• ????1/3??????????
• ????????????????

54
????????-????
??????

• ??-?? (??) ?????????
• ????????????????/??
• ????????????????,???
• ??????????????
• ??????????????????
• ???????????????
• ????????????????????
• ?

55
????????-??????
??????

• ???????????????????
• ?????????????,???????
• ???????????????????
• ????????(GNP)????????????????,???????????
• ????????????????????,?????????????

56
????????-??????
??????
70? 75? 80? 85?
?? 39.4 37.4 30.9 25.5
?? 6.8 5.8 6.0 4.6
?? 24.1 23.3 25.7 24.9
???? 6.9 8.2 8.9 10.0
???? 8.3 10.0 12.8 13.1
57
????????-??????
??????

• ??????
• ?????

58
??????
????????-?????

• ?????-???????????? ?
• ???-??????????????
• ???-?????

59
??????
????????-????

• ??-????????????
• ??????-???????????

60
??????
????????-????

• ??????,??????,??????
• ??????,?????????????

61
??????
????????-???????

• ??????(WTO)
• ?????
• ?????

62
??????
????????-????

• ?????????,????????(VCR)
• ???????,??CD????
• ?????????,?????(CRT)??,???????(LCD)???????????

63
??????
????????-????

• ??/????
• ??????

64
??????
????????-?????

• ????-????????
• ????/??/??-?????????

65
??????
????????-???????

• ?????????????????
• ???????-??No EDI, No Business?

66
?????????
??????
67
??????
?????????
???? ??????
???? ???????
????? ???????????????
????? ?????????????
????? ?????????
????? ????????????
???? ?????????
????? ?????????
68
??????
?????????(?)
???? ??????
???? ?????????
???? ???????????
??????? ????(???VS.???)???
????/?? ????(???VS.???)???
?????? ????(???VS.???)???
?????? ????(???VS.???)???
?????? ????(???VS.???)???
69
??????
????????? (????Michael Porter)
70
??????
????? (??)
?? (????)
????? (??)
??? (????)
??? (??)
71
????????
??????
72
??????

• A.???RD???
• ??????
• ??????
• ??????
• ????/?????
• ????
• ???????
• ??????

B.????? ??????? ?????? ?????
???????? ??????? ???????? ?????/??
73
??????

• C.??????????
• ????
• ???????
• ????/????
• ?????????

D.????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????
74
??????
75
?????
??????
??????
??????
76
???????(??)
??????
77
??????
78
???????-Porter??????
??????
????
???
???
???? ???
???? ?????
????
????
????
??(??)
79
???????- Miles Snow
??????
????
????
???
???
???
???
80
????
??????

• ????? ???????
• ??????? (????,TQM?)

81
??????
82
BCG????????
??????
20
???? ? ???? ???? ? ?
???? ? ?????? ??? ? ????
?????
10
0
1.0
0.1
10
???????
83
GE??????
??????

• ??????????
• ?????????
• ??????????
• ??????

?????
??
?? ?? ??
?? ?? ??
?? ?? ??
??
??????? ??????? ??????
?????
84
SWOT????????
??????

• ????
• ?????????
• ??????????
• ??????
• ?????,?????
• ????????
• ?????????
• ??/??????

???? ????????? ?????? ???? ???????
??????? ?????????? ??/??????
85
??????

• ????
• ??????
• ??????/??
• ??????/??
• ??/???????
• ??????
• ????/??????

???? ??????/?? ?????? ????????? ?????????
?????? ????/??????
86
The Grand Strategy Matrix
??????
Rapid Market Growth
Market development Market penetration Product development Horizontal integration Divestiture Liquidation Market development Market penetration Product development Forward integration Backward integration Horizontal integration Concentric diversification
Retrenchment Concentric diversification Horizontal diversification Conglomerate diversification Divestiture Liquidation Concentric diversification Horizontal diversification Conglomerate diversification Joint venture
Weak Competitive Position
Strong Competitive Position
Slow Market Growth