WASTE WATER GARDEN

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WASTE WATER GARDEN

• WASTE WATER TREATMENT FOR TROPICAL ZONE

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Definition of Waste water Garden

• Definition of Wastewater Garden
• An ecological low-cost beautiful solution for
  effective sewage and wastewater treatment.
• Principally, this method combined the
  conventional waste water treatment with the
  function of plants in the garden as bacterial
  absorber and water purifier. This method also
  transform the appearance of waste water treatment
  plant to become a natural garden or park.

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History of Waste Water Garden

• Wastewater Gardens were developed over a decade
  ago (in year 1991) of research by Planetary Coral
  Reef Foundation (PCRF-US) led by DR. Mark Nelson
  in order to
• Treat and recycle the water inside Biosphere 2
  the worlds largest sealed series of ecosystems
  second to the earth and
• b) For application in the worlds environment to
  protect freshwater and the ocean from sewage
  pollution.

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History of Waste Water Garden

• One of the most striking accomplishments for
  Biosphere 2 is its massive recycling systems.
  Since the year 1991, crew members (Biospherians)
  who had to stay around two years inside the
  Biosphere, have used the same water and recycled
  all waste products inside.
• The successful implementation of Wastewater
  Garden method in Biosphere 2 lead to the use of
  this system in more common condition, in the real
  life. Until today Wastewater Garden already
  installed in more than 150 homes, hotels,
  businesses, and communities through the world.
  Currently exist in Australia, Indonesia (Bali,
  Sulawesi), Bahamas, Mexico, Poland, Belize,
  Philippines, France, and United States (New
  Mexico).

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Application of WWG in Indonesia

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Application of WWG in Indonesia

• Several places in Indonesia that have waste
  water treatment using this method are
• BAPEDALDA Headquarters, Sanur, Bali
• Bruce Residence, Jimbaran, Bali
• Catherine Wheeler Residence, Ubud, Bali
• Coconuts Beach Resort, Lembongan Island
• Froggies Divers, Manado - Bunaken, Sulawesi
• Hugo Residence, Bali
• Jill Posner residence, Ubud, Bali
• Legian Community Clinic, Bali
• Lembeh Resort, Bitung, North Sulawesi

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Application of WWG in Indonesia

• Lumba-Lumba Diving, Manado, Sulawesi
• MAP Tiwoho Community Center - Bunaken, Sulawesi
• Muir/ Kusnanto Residence, Petitenget, Bali
• Murex Dive Resort, Sulawesi
• Padi Padi Hotel, Bali
• Rama Sitha Resort, Bali
• Sacred Mountain Sanctuary Resort, Sideman, Bali
• Salman/Frost Residence, Bali
• Sunrise School, Legian, Bali
• Tirtagangga Water Palace, Karangasem, Bali
• Vajra Villas, Ubud, Bali
• Villa Tamu, Bali

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Technology / WWG Process

• The system works by a gravity flow of wastewater
  from toilets, showers, and kitchens into a
  properly designed and sealed septic tanks and
  then into the specially engineered subsurface
  flow wetland cell which keeps the wastewater
  below the surface of the gravel, preventing odor
  and eliminating the risk of human contact with
  the sewage.

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Technology / WWG Process

• The system normally consists of three wastewater
  treatment phases
• First stage is taking place in septic tank
  equipped with special filter, where anaerobic
  bacteria commence a biological breakdown of the
  waste, and solids settle out to the bottom of the
  tank.

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Technology / WWG Process

• The second stage of the treatment of Wastewater
  Garden is the water-tight (lined with concrete,
  impermeable clay or geomembrane to hold
  wastewater in) comprising just one compartment
  (cell) in small systems and more compartments in
  larger applications.

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Technology / WWG Process

• The gravel allows for adequate residence time
  for the wastewater and provides an enormous
  surface area where a wide variety of chemical,
  biological and physical mechanisms cleanse the
  wastewater by removing organic compounds,
  suspended solids and excess nutrients.
• The plants are the aerators of the system, which
  helps maintain a population of air-breathing
  microbes (aerobic bacteria) which are part of the
  treatment process.

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Technology / WWG Process

• The presence of aerobic and anaerobic zones
  supports a wide variety of helpful organisms
  bacteria, protozoa, algae and fungi (10-100
  billion per 1 g of soil).
• These organisms uptake the nutrients from the
  wastewater and use them for their own life
  processes.
• There are also other mechanism for example
  adsorption, decomposition, sedimentation.

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Technology / WWG Process

• The third treatment stage is discharge of the
  treated wastewater to a final leach field, where
  fruit trees or other landscape plants can utilize
  remaining nutrients and water, or water pond
  provides

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WWG Construction Process

• Tank Preparation

Control box configuration
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WWG Construction Process

• Finished tank with sand and gravel
• Plantation planting

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Advantages of WWG

• Fecal coliform bacteria are reduced more than 99
  in the wetlands, without the use of expensive,
  environmentally harmful chemicals like chlorine.
• Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) reduced 85-90
  from influent levels, and removal of nitrogen and
  phosphorus is substantial.
• The wetlands are low-cost, low-tech and
  long-lived. Maintenance requirements are simple.
• There is no malodor as the sewage is kept from
  contact with the air.

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Advantages of WWG

• There are no mosquito-breeding or other nuisances
  associated with open wastewater (e.g. sewage
  lagoons or surface-flow wetlands).
• The possibility of accidental public contact with
  the sewage reduced to someone deliberately
  digging into the wetland gravel.
• Subsurface flow wetland systems are capable of
  extremely high rates of wastewater cleaning.
• Where higher treatment than normal municipal
  standards is required for special purposes, an
  increase in wetland area provides the equivalent
  of advanced water treatment.

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Advantages of WWG

• Significantly less wastewater (35-70 depending
  on design) is discharged from these special
  wetlands, because the plants use large quantities
  of water in their transpiration.
• Subsurface wetlands can be exactly sized from
  small units for a single residence to larger
  areas for small city/town systems and so no
  surplus capacity need be paid for than is needed.
  On the other hand, new demands can easily be met
  by simple unit expansion
• The sub-surface wetland systems add considerably
  to the landscape beauty in communities where they
  are used, and can also include plants to be
  harvested for useful or saleable products.

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Disadvantages of WWG

• The effectiveness of this system are less in
  sub-tropical zones than in tropical zones, due to
  the varieties of plant which could be planted and
  the changing seasons.
• The gravel have to be renew for every ten year
  since the compacting process of gravel by time
  cause the shrinkage in gravel porosity.

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Thank You !
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Data

• Detailed research was conducted on the
  Wastewater Gardens systems constructed along the
  coast of the Yucatan, in southeastern Mexico, and
  the results critically checked by University of
  Florida scientists.
• These Wastewater Gardens systems prevented
  pollution damage to off-shore coral reefs, using
  3-4 square meters of wetland per full-time
  resident. Similar treatment was also achieved in
  pilot program Wastewater Gardens systems in the
  Kimberley region of West Australia.

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Data

• B.O.D. Graph
• Data shows the excellent reduction of about 85
  in the demonstration Wastewater Gardens in Mexico
  in the amount of organic material in the
  wastewater, to levels better than standard
  amounts.

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Data

• Bio Diversity Graph
• Data shows the high bio-diversity which can be
  achieved in Wastewater Gardens. In the early
  years it was three times that of mangrove wetland
  and almost equal to an adjoining tropical forest
  area.

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Data

• Phosphorus Graph
• Data shows the effectiveness of Wastewater
  Gardens in putting phosphorus to effective use by
  plants and natural bacteria and preventing
  contamination of groundwater and the environment.

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Data

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Sacred Mountain Sanctuary Resort Sideman, Bali,
Indonesia
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Sacred Mountain Sanctuary Resort Sideman, Bali,
Indonesia
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Padi-Padi Resort Villas, Ubud, Bali, Indonesia
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Posner Residence, Tjampuhan Ubud, Bali, Indonesia
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Starr Residence, Sideman, Karangasem, Bali,
Indonesia
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Vajras Villa, Ubud - Bali
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Vajras Villa, Ubud - Bali