PSYCH 374 Multicultural Psychology Chapter 7

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PSYCH 374Multicultural PsychologyChapter 7

• Cultural Identity Development

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• Understand the influence of social forces, such
  as racism and discrimination, on personal
  identity development
• Define the different models of cultural identity
  development, along with their various stages.
• Understand that personal identity has multiple
  layers, including race, culture, ethnicity,
  gender, sexual orientation, etc.

Chapter 7 Objectives Please Note All Concepts,
Terms, Definitions etc. in Gold font throughout
our PowerPoints refer specifically to the APA
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• Cultural Identity Development
• A Model of Personal Identity
• Tripartite Model of Personal Identity the
  understanding that our self-perceptions are made
  of unique, individual aspects, aspects of groups
  to which we belong, and universal aspects of
  human beings

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• Racial Identity Development
• African-American Identity Development
• - Pre-encounter stage of minority identity
  development the stage or status in which one
  feels and accepts that the world is organized
  according to the dominant culture and against
  ones own cultural group.
• - Encounter stage of minority identity
  development the stage or status in which one is
  confronted with the realities of racism or other
  forms of devaluation of ones cultural group.
• - Immersion/Emersion stage of minority identity
  development the stage or status in which one
  involves oneself completely within ones cultural
  group to the exclusion of the majority group. One
  emerges from this stage because one cannot meet
  all of ones needs if society is truly dominayed
  by the majority group.
• - Internalization stage of minority identity
  development the stage or status in which one
  feels comfortable with ones identity. This
  allows one to express acceptance of other
  cultures.

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• Racial Identity Development
• White Identity Development
• - Contact the status un which White people are
  uniformed about the realities of racism and
  privilege.
• - Disintegration the status in which White
  people are in enough contact with ethnic
  minorities that their naïveté about racism is
  shattered.
• - Reintegration the status in which White
  people retreat to their comfort zone within their
  White comminutes.
• - Pseudoindependence the status in which White
  people begin to ackowlege the realities of racism
  but believe that it is Blacks who should change,
  not Whites.
• - Immersion/Emersion the status in which White
  people begin to form a more positive White
  identity and to focus on changing Whites, not
  Blacks.
• - Autonomy the status in which White people are
  comfortable with their White identitiy,
  understand that racism is connected with other
  forms of oppression, and work to address al forms
  of oppression.

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• Racial Identity Development
• Multiracial Identity Development
• - Personal Identity the stage or status in
  which a child bases his/her identity on personal
  factors, such as self-esteem, instead of on race
  or ethnicity.
• - Choice of Group Categorization the stage or
  status in which a child is forced to choose which
  race or ethnicity he/she should use as the basis
  of his/her identity.
• - Enmeshment/Denial the stage or status in
  which a child feels guilty about choosing one
  race or ethnicity over the other, because this is
  an implicit rejection of the parent whose race or
  ethnicity was not chosen.
• - Appreciation the stage or status in which a
  child/adolescent begins to broaden his/her
  perspective to include the race or ethnicity not
  initially selected for his/her identity.
• - Integration the stage or status in which a
  child/adolescent/adult sees the benefits of
  embracing both races or ethnicities.

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• LGBT Identity Development
• LGBT Identity Development
• - Identity Confusion the stage or status in
  which a gay, lesbian, or bisexual individual
  begins to question his/her sexual identity.
• - Identity Comparison the stage or status in
  which a gay, lesbian, or bisexual individual
  recognizes his/her feelings about same-sex
  individuals.
• - Identity Tolerance the stage or status in
  which a gay, lesbian, or bisexual individual
  fully recognizes his/her homosexual feelings but
  attempts to hide them from others and
  himself/herself, by trying to believe, for
  example, that it is just a phase he/she is
  going through.
• - Identity Acceptance the stage or status in
  which a gay, lesbian, or bisexual individual
  fully accepts his/her sexual orientation and is
  about to come out to others.
• - Coming Out the process by which a gay,
  lesbian, or bisexual individual openly expresses
  his/her sexual orientation.
• - Identity Pride the stage or status in which a
  gay, lesbian, or bisexual individual openly
  expresses his/her sexual orientation and takes
  pride in that identity.
• - Identity Synthesis - the stage or status in
  which a gay, lesbian, or bisexual individual is
  able to integrate all aspects of his/her
  identities, such as ethnic minority status and
  gender.

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• Cultural Identity Development
• Racial and Cultural Identity Development Model
  (R/CID) a general model that covers all forms
  of cultural identity and addresses how one
  relates to oneself, to others of the same
  culture, to others of different cultures, and to
  the dominant cultural group.

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• Cultural Identity Development
• A Critique of the Stage Models
• Multiple Layering of Identities