SOCIALIZATION

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SOCIALIZATION
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SOCIALIZATION
How many social groups do you belong to?

• The LIFELONG process of
• Learning how to participate in group life
• Acquisition of
• - Self-Identity
• - Physical, mental, and social skills
• needed for survival.

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SOCIALIZATION IS

• ESSENTIAL to the survival and stability of
  society
• - We learn the cultural norms of the time
• through socialization (change over time)
• EXAMPLE Dating (1959 vs. 2009)
• FUNDAMENTAL for individuals to develop
• properly

No more talkLets make out!
Golly, Cindy! Can I buy you a milkshake?
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ISOLATION

• Emotional and social growth are stunted
• Examples
• Harlows monkey study
• Genie

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Theoretical Perspectives
Perspective View of Socialization Media Influence on Socialization
Functionalism Contributes to a stable society Exposing society to shared beliefs, values and norms.
Conflict Theory Way for the powerful to keep things the same Sets political agenda for a community
Symbolic Interactionism Major determinate of human nature Uses words and pictures to expose us to culture
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Self-Concept

• Self-concept idea that you have an identity
  separate from other people

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Self-Concept

• Looking-Glass Self your image of yourself is
  based on what you believe others think of you
• Imagine how we appear to others
• Imagine the reaction of others to our appearance
• Evaluate ourselves based on how we imagine others
  have judged us

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Self-Concept
Who are your SIGNIFICANT others?

• Looking-Glass Self your image of yourself is
  based on what you believe others think of you
• Imagine how we appear to others
• Image the reaction of others to our appearance
• Evaluate ourselves based on how we imagine others
  have judged us

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Role Taking
During game stage, your self-concept begins to
depend less on views of individuals and more on
general ideas. Generalized Other integrated
conception of the norms, values and beliefs of
ones community.
What is common to all role taking?
Assume viewpoint of others to shape the
self-concept
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Who Are You?

• ME
• Part of self formed through
• socialization

• I
• Part of self that accounts for
• unlearned,
• spontaneous
• acts

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AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
Which do you think is MOST important?

• Family
• School
• Peer Groups
• Media

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FAMILY

• Most important agent of socialization!
• Families give the earliest social emotional
  development to children.
• Where we acquire our social position in society
• Racial, ethnic, religious subculture groupings.

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SCHOOL

• First relationship with people that is impersonal
• Sanctions are based on performance not affection
• Children become less dependent emotionally on
  parents

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PEER GROUPS

• People who are linked by common interests, equal
  social position and similar age
• Peer groups function as an agent of socialization
  by giving us a sense of belonging self-worth
• Some degree of freedom from parents or authority
  (school agent)

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Belonging to a Peer Group

• Conforming to a groups norms
• Attitudes
• Speech
• Dress
• If we conform we are rewarded
• Not conform we are ridiculed
• PEER PRESSURE
• Evident very early on
• groups in preschools!

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MEDIA

• Any source or organization that use print or
  electronic means to communicate.
• Radio, TV, internet, newspapers, magazines, etc.

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Functions of Media

• Inform us about events
• Introduce us to a wide variety of people
• Provide an array of viewpoints on current issues
• Make us aware of products and services
• Entertain us by providing the experience of doing
  something we wouldnt normally do

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Critics of Media

• Too much violence
• Not enough exercise
• Too much marketing for things kids do not need
• Projection of negative images of minorities
  women
• i.e. promote women solely as sex symbols because
  of the types of clothes they wear, etc.

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Violence on TV

• Why is it not enough, when parents raise their
  kids right, that kids still get involved with
  violence and crime?
• Does mass media really have that much power over
  people?
• Are kids that play a lot of video games and watch
  violence on TV more apt to commit or be involved
  with crime/violence?
• Friends watch it/do it?
• Not supervised by adults?
• No one to teach them right from wrong?

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Violence on TV

• Watch the cartoon clip and keep a tally of
  violent/inappropriate actions.
• Violence
• Adult Language
• Adult/Suggestive Themes
• Etc.

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Violence on TV

• Read pages 136-137.
• Answer questions 1-3.
• It is a proven point that violence among youth
  has increased. Do you believe TV and media is
  responsible? Explain.

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As Life Changes, You Change... WHY?

• At different stages of life, you learn new skills
  
• behaviors (Agents of Socialization)
• 3 Processes connected with socialization
• 1) Desocialization
• 2) Resocialization
• 3) Anticipatory Socialization

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What Happens When We Aren't Programmed "Right"?

• Re-programming must take placebut how?
• _______________ Give up old norms, values,
  attitudes, and behaviors
• - The complete destruction of old self-concept

Step 1
Desocialization
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What Happens When We Aren't Programmed "Right"?

• EXTREME CASES
• _________________ places in which people are
  separated from society and controlled by
  officials in charge
• - Ex) Mental hospitals, cults, prisons, etc.
• - Replace personal items with standard-issued
  items (no long hair, no hats, referred to as a
  number)

Total Institutions
You are NOT Special or Unique!
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Step 2
Resocialization

• ______________ process of adopting NEW norms,
  values, attitudes, and behaviors
• Usually occurs in a total institution where the
  resident gains a NEW self-concept
• Rewards and Punishments used to reshape behavior
• Examples) Extra food, Special privileges, or
  physical punishment

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Less Extreme Cases

• We go through periods of de and
  re-socialization throughout our entire lives!
• Child becoming teenagers
• Young adults starting careers
• Elderly people moving into retirement

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Step 3
Anticipatory Socialization

• ___________________ preparing, IN ADVANCE, for
  new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors
• These are VOLUNTARY changesno need for total
  institutions!
• Moving from one stage of your life to another.

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Anticipatory Socialization leads to
Reference Groups

• The formation of ___________________
• - Groups we use to evaluate ourselves against
• - We hope to one day be part of these groups so
  we shape our norms, attitudes, values, and
  behaviors after them.

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QUICK QUIZ
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1) Is the following scenario Desocialization,
Resocialization, or Anticipatory Socialization?

• First year students acquire a new identity during
  their Freshman year at a military academy

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2) Is the following scenario Desocialization,
Resocialization, or Anticipatory Socialization?

• Prison personnel deliberately attempt to destroy
  the self-concepts of inmates

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3) Is the following scenario Desocialization,
Resocialization, or Anticipatory Socialization?

• High school students identify with college
  students.

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4) Which of the following is NOT an example of a
reference group?

1. Rock-star subculture
2. United States Military Academy
3. Terrorists
4. Mass Media

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Team Activity
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In your team

• 1) List the reference group(s) to which you
  belong
• 2) Explain how you must anticipate
  resocialization to prepare for entrance into
  that group
• 3) Name the event that you think Seniors will
  most easily win tonight at BW NITE

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