HUMANIST TECHNIQUE IN ELT

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HUMANIST TECHNIQUE IN ELT
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WHAT IS HUMANISM?

• Humanism is originally a psychological term. It
  emphasizes the importance of the inner world of
  the human being and places the individuals
  thoughts, feelings and emotions at the forefront
  of all human developments.

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WHAT IS HUMANISTIC APPROACH?

• Humanistic approach is a language teaching method
  which emphasize humanism as the most significiant
  element in the teaching process.

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Principles of humaistic approach

• Development of human values
• Growth in self-awareness and in the understanding
  of others
• Sensitivity to human feelings and emotions
• Active student involvement in learning and in the
  way learning takes place

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WHAT MAKES IT UNIQUE

• Affective humaistic approach sees human being as
  a whole person.
• The content is decided by the student.
• The information and learning that takes place
  appeals to what the student hopes to gain and
  learn.
• It depends less on materials techniques and
  linguistic analyses, and more on what goes on
  inside and between people in the classroom.

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WHY HUMANISTIC APPROACH EMERGED?

• Humanistic approach emerged to eliminate the
  limitations of audiolingual (behaviouristic) and
  cognitive approach (cognitivist).
• Humanistic approach view of the human being
  made up of a house consisting of mind, body,
  emotion and spirit but traditional view of the
  student our educational system is generally
  focused on the first floor where we deal with
  observable data, information focused on skills
  and knowledge base so that young people can
  become good employees, workers, entrepreneurs
  and providers for their families what we might
  call a success in life

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• There are three most important figures in
  humanistic approach
• Eric Erikson sees that humans psychological
  development depends not only on the way in which
  individuals pass through predetermined
  maturational stages but on the challanges that
  are set by society at particular times in their
  lives.
• Abraham Maslow who proposes a famous hierarchy of
  needs deficiency needs and being needs.
• Carl Rogers who supports that human beings have
  a natural potential for learning but this will
  take place only when learning is relevant to
  individual.
• Although they have different ideas they all
  advocates humanistic approach.

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WHAT ARE SOME IMPORTANT AFFECTIVE FACTORS IN
HUMANISTIC APPROACH?

• ANXIETY
• SELF ESTEEM is a kind of self judgement of
  worth or value
• LANGUAGE EGO it refers to the relation between
  people feelings of personal identity, individual
  uniquesness and value of their first language.
• EMPATHY it means putting oneself into someone
  elses shoes of reaching beyond others feelings.

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APPROACH

• Theory of learning
• it is constructivist.
• According to AHA learning is conducive to
  personal change and growth and can facilitate
  learning provided that the student participates
  completely in the learning process and has
  control over its nature and direction.
• AHA sees individuals as different from each other
  in terms of psychological and social side.

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Theory of language

• It is structural and functional.
• It includes structural functional activities.
• It gives importance to forms and meaning.
• Students learn only
• when language is meaningful fort them.

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OBJECTIVES

• Students will learn best what they want and need
  to know.
• Knowing how to learn is more important than
  acquiring a lot of knowledge
• Self-evaluation is the only meaningful evaluation
  of a student's work.
• Feelings are as important as facts.
• Students learn best in a non-threatening
  environment

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TEACHER ROLES

• Allow the student to have a choice in the
  selection of tasks and activities whenever
  possible.
• Help students learn to set realistic goals.
• Have students participate in group work,
  especially cooperative learning, in order to
  develop social and affective skills.
• Act as a facilitator for group discussions when
  appropriate.
• Be a role model for the attitudes, beliefs and
  habits you wish to foster. Constantly work on
  becoming a better person and then share yourself
  with your students.

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LEARNER ROLES

• They are autonomous.
• They learn what they want..Also they are director
  as they shape their activities and group works.

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SYLLABUS

• Students are given the freedom to determine and
  assess their learning and they study language
  which they find meaningful and relevant to them.
• Therefore they learn whatever form of language
  that they see important for their

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LEARNING TEACHING ACTIVITIES

• Learning together 4 to 6 students have a
  worksheet they must learn or complete
  together.encouraged to help each other.
• No competition among groups.
• Student Teams - Achievement Division (STAD)

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INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

• Bringing variety and creativity to the use of
  materials and activities used in class is the
  most facile and fun way of keeping the motivation
  level high in a language class.
• Visually attractive handouts,
• worksheets,
• flipchart,
• realia,
• newspapers,
• audiovisual aids

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CHARACTERISTICS

• The characteristics of this approach are as
  follows
• There should be respect for both the teacher and
  students and their feelings.
• Meaningful communication is emphasized.
• Pair and group work are emphasized.
• It is important for students to support each
  other.
• Learning a foreign language is a self-realization
  experience.
• Teacher is like a counselor.
• Teacher should be proficient in the target
  language and students' native language.
• Translation can be used in initial stages to
  support positive feelings of the st

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ADVANTAGES

• It improves cooperativeness, creativity and
  independence.
• It increases positive attitudes towards teacher
  and school.
• It develops stres free environment.
• It reflects a holistic affective and student
  centered view of language learning.
• It promotes self confidence.
• Teachers can use music, art and action to make
  the class interesting and lively.

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DISADVANTAGES

• Humanistic teachers aim for good things but these
  are not clearly defined.
• Humanistic approach is highly dependent upon the
  capabilities of the teacher.. Teachers should be
  proficient in the foreign/second language and
  they should be viewed as facilitators and
  counselors
• It requires carefull preparation of materials.
• Some members dominate anothers are ignored.

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CONCLUSION

• Language teaching and learning is a complex
  process. In this process, what to learn and how
  to learn are influenced by the cognitive
  motivation, yet cognitive motivation is
  determined by individualsaffect. So in language
  teaching, teachers should always bear the
  affective factors in their minds and put students
  in the first place, then they may achieve the
  success in language teaching.
• The honeymoon of humanistic approaches was short
  lived. The problem was that humanism in ELT had
  become assciated with topics such as psycho
  drama, NLP or gestalt therapy.