American Colonies

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American Colonies
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Roanoke, 1585 Founded by Sir Walter Raleigh
Purpose to establish an English Colony in the
New World Colony disappeared without a trace.
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Virginia, 1607 Founded by London Company, a
joint-stock company Purpose trade
profits House of Burgesses created in 1619. First
slaves arrive in Virginia, 1619 1660s black
codes enacted.
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John Smith Pocahontas John Rolfe De La War
1610, Irish Tactics Bacons Rebellion, 1676
sharp class differences between the landed gentry
of East Coast poor farmers of the frontier.
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Plymouth, 1620 (Pilgrims) Founded by William
Bradford Purpose Religious freedom for
Separatists (Pilgrims wanted to separate
Puritans wanted to purify.) Mayflower Compact,
1620 decisions would be made by the will of the
majority.
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New York, 1613 Founded by the Dutch Purpose
trade profits Set up as a Dutch Colony, taken
over by the English in 1664 under the Duke of
York.
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Massachusetts Bay, 1628 Founded by John Winthrop
Puritans Purpose Religious freedom for
Puritan 18,000 settlers by 1642.
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New Hampshire, 1623 Founded by John
Mason Purpose escape for those constricted by
religious and economic rules of Massachusetts Bay
Colony.
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Maryland, 1634 Founded by Lord Baltimore Purpose
Religious freedom for Catholics Toleration Act of
1649 guaranteed toleration to all Christians
decreed death for Jews atheists.
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Connecticut, 1635 Founded by Thomas
Hooker Purpose religious and economic
freedom Residents of Connecticut left harsh
policies intolerance of Massachusetts Bay
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The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, 1639, was
the first constitution in American history,
establishing a representative government with a
legislature and a governor chosen by popular vote.
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Rhode Island, 1636 Founded by Roger
Williams Purpose Religious Freedom Rhode Island
became the most tolerant colony. Anne Hutchinson
banished from M. Bay antinomianism idea that
faith alone, not deeds, was necessary for
salvation
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Delaware, 1638 Founded by the Swedes Purpose
trade profits Taken by England in 1664.
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Carolinas, 1670 Founded by Virginian proprietors
in a join business venture Purpose trade
profits North Carolina separated from South
Carolina in 1712.
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South Carolina quickly becomes a plantation
economy based on rice. North Carolina, because of
its few good harbors developed as small farms and
less reliance of slavery. N. Carolina developed a
reputation for independence self reliance.
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New Jersey, 1664 Founded by the Dutch, then
settled by the Swedes, taken by England in
1664. Purpose trade profits Allowed religious
freedom in order to attract colonists.
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Pennsylvania, 1682 Founded by William
Penn Purpose Religious freedom for Quakers
trade profit
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Georgia, 1733 Founded by George
Oglethorpe Purpose Buffer between Carolinas
Spanish colonies debtor colony at first slavery
was not allowed.
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Life span in NE Colonies 15 20 years longer
than in Chesapeake. New England colonies were
much more stable education was emphasized need
to read Bible. New England Colonies Economy
based on small farming, fishing, home industry,
shipbuilding, Boston became a major international
port.
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Chesapeake Colonies life was shorter, less
healthy than in New England. Most Chesapeake
settlers came as indentured servants. Men largely
outnumbered women. Forty percent of indentured
servants failed to survive long enough to gain
their freedom. By the late 17th century, life
stabilized in Chesapeake and the elite planter
class was established.