Introduction to the Use of Classic Quality Tools

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Introduction to the Use of Classic Quality Tools

• Presented by Dr. Joan Burtner
• Certified Quality Engineer
• Associate Professor of
• Industrial Engineering and Industrial Management

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Seven Classic Problem-Solving Tools of Quality

• Flowchart
• Check Sheet
• Cause-and-Effect Diagram
• Pareto Chart
• Control Chart
• Histogram
• Scatter Diagram

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Classic Quality Tool 1Flowchart

• Maps the sequence of steps and decision points in
  a process
• Helps group to have common understanding of the
  process

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Classic Quality Tool 2Check Sheet

• Also known as a tally sheet
• Helps gather data on the frequency of occurrence
  of particular events or defects
• Check sheet design often requires prior knowledge
  of the process

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Classic Quality Tool 3Cause-and-Effect Diagram

• Other names
• Fishbone diagram
• Ishikawa diagram
• C-E diagram
• Used to show the many different causes that may
  contribute to a problem (effect)
• Causes are frequently generated through
  brainstorming sessions

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Classic Quality Tool 3C-E Diagram

• Manufacturing Environment 4M Chart
• Man
• Machine
• Methods
• Materials
• Service Environment 4P Chart
• People
• Policies
• Procedures
• Plant

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Classic Quality Tool 4Pareto Chart

• Pareto (an 1800s Italian economist) noted that 80
  percent of the wealth in Italy was held by 20
  percent of the population
• Juran (20th century) 80 of the variation in a
  process is caused by 20 of the variables
• 20 - vital few
• 80 - trivial many or useful many

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Classic Quality Tool 4Pareto Chart

• Causes are frequently documented in a check list
  which is used to generate a Pareto chart
• Managers use Pareto charts to help focus or
  prioritize process improvement efforts

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Classic Quality Tool 5Control Chart

• Purpose
• Indicates how a process behaves over time
• Shows when a process is being influenced by
  special causes
• Chart consists of UCL, CL, LCL, and data points
• Examined for nonrandom patterns

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Classic Quality Tool 6Histogram

• Bar graph that represents the frequency
  distribution of the data
• X-axis shows cell boundaries
• Y-axis shows cell frequency
• Shape of the bars is only a rough indication of
  the distribution

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Classic Quality Tool 7Scatter Diagram

• Also known as an X-Y graph
• Shows whether or not there is a correlation
  between two variables
• Caution A statistical correlation does not
  guarantee a direct cause and effect
• Linear/nonlinear
• Positive/negative

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Contact Information

• Email Burtner_J_at_Mercer.edu
• US Mail
• Mercer University School of Engineering
• 1400 Coleman Avenue
• Macon, GA
• Phone [phone]