College English 4

1
College English 4

• Unit 1
• A Brush with the Law
• 
  
• 
  

2
Writing skills for argumentations
3
Pre-reading activities

• ? Background knowledge
• Acquaint yourself with some relevant
  information.
• ? Questions Answers
• Read carefully and answer several
  questions.

Back

4
Pre-reading activities Read, think and discuss

• Magistrates and the magistrates court
• In England, a magistrate is a person appointed
  to try minor offences. He is either an unpaid
  layman or, in London and some other large cities,
  a paid judicial officer.
• In England, every district has a magistrates
  court. It is the lowest court of law. The
  magistrates court can only try people for minor,
  i.e. not very serious, offences.

5
Pre-reading activities Read, think and discuss

• The Sixties youth counterculture
• The word counterculture was coined in the
  1960s for the attitude and life style of many
  young people who rejected conventional social
  values and demanded more personal freedom. The
  counterculture first arose in the U.S. during the
  1960s and soon spread to Britain, France and
  other western countries. These young people were
  opposed to the Vietnam War and dissatisfied with
  the existing state of affairs in their society.

6
Pre-reading activities Read, think, and discuss

• Middle Class
• In Britain, the middle class refers to the
  class of people between the nobility and the
  working class. It includes professional men (such
  as doctors, lawyers and architects), bankers,
  owners of business and small gentry. In the
  United States, however, the middle class refers
  to the class of people between the very wealthy
  class and the class of unskilled laborers and
  unemployed people. It includes businessmen,
  professional people, office workers, and many
  skilled workers.

7
Pre-reading activities Read, think and discuss

• Lawyer, solicitor, barrister
• A lawyer is the general term for anyone whose
  work it is to advise his clients about the law
  and represent them in court.
• A solicitor (????)is a lawyer who gives
  advice, appears in lower courts, and prepares
  cases for a barrister to argue in a higher court.
• A barrister (????)is a lawyer who has the
  right of speaking and arguing in the higher
  courts of law.

8
Pre-reading activities Questions answers

• Read the text, then answer the following
  questions
• According to your own opinions
• How did the author feel about the incident at the
  time it occurred? What dose he think of it now?
• Why did he go to Richmond?
• What did the author think got him into trouble
  with the law?
• What did he see when walking out of the local
  library?

???
9
Pre-reading activities Questions and answers

• 5. What did the man say to him? Did he take the
• mans words seriously at first?
• 6. When and how did the author come to see
  the man was being serious?
• 7. What grounds did the policemen have for
• suspecting that the young man was
• wandering with intent to steal milk bottles?

???
10
Pre-reading activities Questions and answers

• 8. What does the author mean by his big
  mistake ?
• 9. How did he behave when he was questioned at
  the police station? What did the police decide
  to do with him?
• 10. What did his father do when he learned about
  the incident?
• 11. What did the policeman probably mean by
  saying You
• could have been a bit more helpful when we
  arrested
• you?

???
11
Word-building

• Analyze the formation of the following
• words in each group. Give further
• examples of words with the same
• prefix.

un- not opposite to or contrary of -able
susceptible, capable, or worthy of a specified
action inclined or given to a specified
state or action
12
Word-building

• unpleasant, untidy, _____, ______, _______,
• _______, _______.
• 2. unemployed, unconcerned, _________, _______,
  ________, _______, _________.
• 3. unsucessful, unfortunately, ________, ______ ,
  _______, ________, ________.
• 4.undo, unpack, ________, ________, ______,
• _________, __________.

13
Word-building

• enjoyable
• changeable
• permissible
• reliable
• exhaustible

• regrettable
• imaginable
• breakable
• applicable
• workable

Now complete the following sentence with the
adjectives listed above.
14

Word-building

• There is no _________ information about the child
  who
• was found missing almost a month ago.
• Berthas moods are as ________ as the weather in
  spring.
• We spent a very ______ evening talking about old
  times.
• It is absolutely wrong to think that natural
  resources like
• aluminium and petroleum are not _______ .
• Are slang terms _______ in a formal speech?
• Handle with care, please. These are ________
  objects.

15
Word-building

• 8. I had the greatest difficulty _______ in
  trying to
• persuade my employer to give up his
  costly plan.
• 9. The young technical innovators didnt lose
  heart
• although the new system was still not
  _______.
• 10. Are the research results ________ over a
  wide range
• of circumstances?

16
Words and expressions

• brush
• temporary
• offend
• petty
• regard
• circumstances
• confirm
• thorough
• conduct
• defend
• stand a chance

• witness
• dismiss
• take sb to court
• make a good story
• save up
• take ones time
• wander
• straight face
• au fait
• charge
• call (up )on

???
17
Words and expressions

• (1).brush
• brush ????
• dustpan and brush ?????
• paintbrush ??
• toothbrush ??
• nailbrush ???
• hairbrush ??(??)
• broom ??

????
18
Words and expressions

• n. a. an object made of short stiff hairs
• b. ?????? the brush of a fox
• c. (v.) a brief, often hostile or alarming
• encounter???,???
• She had a nasty brush with her boss this
  morning.
• ????????????????
• brush sb /sth aside ????????
• e.g. He brush aside my fears. ??????????
• brush against/by/past sb/sth ????????
• e.g. She brushed past him. ????????

19
Words and expressions

• ? temporary
• not permanent ???,???
• e.g. temporary relief from pain ?????
• temporary accommodation ????
• temporary measure ???????

20
Words and expressions
????

• (3) offend
• v. a. to make sb feel upset ??
• e.g. Neil did not mean to offend anybody with
  his joke.
• ??????????????????
• b. to seem unpleasant to sb ??????,???
• e.g. The smell from the farm offended some
  people. ????????????
• c. to commit a crime or crimes ??,????
• e.g. He started offending at the age of 16.
• ?16??????????????

21
Words and expressions

• (4) petty
• small and unimportant
• petty crime ???? petty official ???
  petty bourgeois ?????
• caring too much about small and unimportant
  matters ????,????
• e.g. How could you be so petty?
• ????????????

22
Words and expressions

• (5) regard
• a. regard sb/sth as sth ?????????
• e.g. She is widely regarded as the
  current leaders natural successor.
• ????,??????????????
• good wishes expressing such sentiment ??,????
• e.g. Give your brother my regards when you see
  him.
• ?????,???????

????
23
Words and expressions

• (6) circumstances
• a. The sum of determining factors beyond
  willful control ????,??
• under no circumstances ?? by no means
• under/in the circumstances
• b. financial status or means ????,??
• e.g. Prior came of a good family,but he is
  reduced in circumstances now.,
• ??????????,????????

????
24
Words and expressions

• (7) confirm
• to state or show that sth is definitely true or
  correct
• e.g. It has been confirmed that the meeting will
  take place next week.
• ???????????
• to make a position
• e.g. After a six-month probationary period, her
  position was confirmed.
• ??????????,???????????

25
Words and expressions

• (8) thorough
• a. exhaustively complete
• ????????
• e.g. a thorough search. ?????
• b. painstakingly accurate or careful ???????
• e.g. thorough research. ???????
• c.absolute utter ??????
• e.g. a thorough pleasure. ?????

26
Words and expressions
(9)conduct to organize and do a particular
activity??????? e.g. to conduct an experiment /
a survey ???/ ??? b. to direct a group of people
who are singing or playing music ????/??? c. to
lead or guide ?? e.g. to conduct a tour of
Guilin d. conduct yourself to behave in a
particular way e.g. He conducted himself
far better than expected. e. to allow heat or
electricity to pass along ????? e.g Copper
conducts electricity well. ????????
27
Words and expressions

• (10)defend
• to protect sb/sth from attack ??
• e.g. Troops have been sent to defend the
  borders.
• ???????????
• defend sb/yourself /sth from /against
• e.g. Politicians are skilled at defending
  themselves against their critics.
• ??????????????????
• (in sport) ?/? attack/ defend
• (in law) ??
• e.g. He has employed one of the UKs top
  lawyer to defend him.
• ?????????????????
• defendant ?? accuser ??

????
28
Words and expressions

• (11) witness
• see sth
• e.g. Police have appealed for anyone who
  witnessed the incident to contact them.
• ??????????????????
• of time/ place
• e.g. Recent years have witnessed a growing
  social mobility.
• ??????????????

29
Words and expressions

• (12) dismiss
• dismiss sb/sth to decide sth is not important
• e.g. I think we can safely dismiss their
  objections. ???????????????????
• b. dismiss sth to put thoughts or feelings out
  of your mind.
• e.g. Dismissing her fears, she climbed
  higher. ???????,??????????

30
Words and expressions

• (13) take sb to court take legal action against
  sb.
• I told him that I would take him to court if
  he did not repay the money in a week.
  ????,????????????,?????????
• If you go on ill-treating your wife like
  this, you will be taken to court.
• ?????????????,??????????

????
31
Words and expressions

(14) it makes a good story now it provides
material for a good story now. Here the verb to
make means to have the qualities needed for
????
Ice tea makes an excellent drink in summer.
The wall calendar makes a nice new year gift.
32
Words and expressions

• (15) Save up keep for future use
• Examples
• a. It took him a year to save up enough
  money for a computer. ?????????????????
• b. They are now saving up to buy a house in
  the suburbs.
• ?????????????????

????
33
Words and expressions

• (16)Take ones time not to hurry do sth in an
  unhurried way.
• examples
• a. Just take your time and tell me clearly
  what happened at the meeting yesterday.
• b. Its better to take your time over a piece
  of work and do it properly than to hurry and make
  mistakes.

????
34
Words and expressions

• (17) wander walk around a place in a casual way,
  often without a fixed course, aim or purpose.
• Examples
• After supper he would go out and
• wander alone in the streets for
• about an hour.
• David wandered through the bookstore, hoping
  to find a good book for Lilys birthday.

35
Words and expressions

• (18) Perfectly straight face a face showing no
  emotion or humor a very serious looking face
• perfectly very completely
• Examples
• Youre perfectly right.
• I m perfectly satisfied with your
  arrangements.

36
Words and expressions

• (19) Au fait (Fr. ) familiar well informed
• This French phrase is obviously used to serve a
  dual purpose to avoid repeating the word
  familiar and to show that the narrator had a
  fairly good educational background.

????
37
Words and expressions

• (20) charge blame (sb.) officially for having
  broken the law.
• examples
• The police charged the driver with
  drunken driving.
• ????????????????
• What is he charged with?
• ???????
• be charged with murder /stealing /theft
  /neglecting ones duty ???,??,?????????

38
Words and expressions

• (21) call (up ) on invite, require, appeal to
• Examples
• Dr. Smith was often called upon to speak at
  these gatherings.
• The president called on his people to work
  hard for national unity.

????
39
Words and expressions

• (22) Stand a chance have a chance
• Examples
• a. I would apply for the post if I were
  you. I think you stand a good chance.
• b. Without a degree and with no experience
  in teaching, I dont think I stand a chance of
  getting the teaching post.
• c. Do you think Mark stands a chance of
  being elected?

40
Words and expressions
(23) meanwhile during the same period of
time Examples The boy had gone back home all
by himself. Meanwhile, his parents were looking
for him in the park. Bob went to the post
office to send a letter. Meanwhile, Lily was
preparing lunch at home.
41
Words and expressions

• (24) complain speak in an unhappy, dissatisfied
  way
• Examples
• a. For my own part, I have nothing to complain
  about.
• b. He is always complaining about the weather
  in Shanghai.

42
Words and expressions

• (25) that another youngster had been turned
  against the police
• that another young man (referring to the
  narrator ) had been made hostile or opposed to
  the police ( after such an unpleasant
  experience).
• turn (sb.) against (sb. else
  or sth.) cause (sb.) to be hostile or
  opposed to (sb. else or sth.)
• Examples
• He tried in vain to turn
  the students against
• their professors.

????
43
ExercisesVocabulary

• III. Fill in the blanks with the words given
  below. Change the form where necessary.

confirm
stand a chance

• _____ the monitor was reluctant , but then he
• changed his mind and became very cooperative.
• ? At first

44
ExercisesVocabulary

• 2. It was very clever of her to ____ his
• argument _____ himself.
• ? turn against
• 3. I found ______ shoes under the bed but they
  dont make a pair.
• ?a couple of

45
ExercisesVocabulary

• 4. Dr. Bright always _____ as he examines his
  patients and treats them with extreme care.
• ?takes his time
• 5. Professor Helfand is ____ to lecture on the
  nature of the nucleus at 2 p.m.
• today.
• ? due

46
ExercisesVocabulary

• 6. Wilfreds remarks ______ me in my opinion that
  he was an honorable young man.
• ? confirmed
• 7. For my own part, everything is O.K. I have
  nothing to ________ of .
• ? complain
• 8. I thought that was the end of the matter but
  _______ events proved me wrong.
• ? subsequent

Back
47
ExercisesVocabulary

• 9. Having practiced for so long, the New York
  baseball team ____ of winning the World Series
  (???????)this year.
• ?stands a chance
• 10. If the police can prove to the court that Ted
  ________ the robbery he will be found guilty.
• ?has committed

48
Writing

• Write a story about A Funny Mistake in 150
• Words or so on the basis of the following
• dialogue.

(A police officer saw a man climbing down a
drainpipe (???) from an open bedroom window. The
officer caught him by the arm the moment he
reached the ground. ) Police officer Its 815
on a Sunday morning, and this sort of
thing seems an unlikely adventure at
such a time. Would you
mind explaining? Man I know what
youre thinking, officer, but it isnt
true. This is a very funny mistake.
49
Writing

• Police Officer Well ,youve just left this
  house in a manner other
• than the usual one.
  That may be quite innocent,
• but Id like to make
  sure. Name, address and
• occupation?
• Man Charlie Crane, lorry (Am E
  truck) driver, from
• Notting-ham, 51 Brecon
  Street.
• Police Officer Yes, what were you doing like a
  fly on that wall.
• Mr. Crane?
• Man Well, I had a breakdown
  (????)yesterday and
• had to stay the night
  here. The landladys name is
• Mrs. Fern. She gave me
  breakfast at seven, and I
• got out of here in the
  right way. Later I realized Id
• left 80 under the
  pillow here in her house. So I
• came rushing back. I
  rang the bell for ten minutes

50
Writing

• but no one
  answered the bell. And then I spotted
• my bedroom
  window still open. Up I went, then,
• up this pipe.
  She hadnt made the bed, and the
• money was
  still there. You know the rest, and I
• hope you
  believe it
• Mrs. Fern (from the kitchen
  window) Mr. Crane, whatever
• are you doing
  here? I thought youd gone away
• an hour ago.