Your grade: in class and homework, experiment, 3 X exams... Final

1

• Your grade in class and homework, experiment, 3
  X exams... Final
• Plus up to 3 points for discussions

2

• Exam 3 in-class Th 5/5
• take-home will be due Th 4/28

3

• Final exam is cumulative and optional
• no take-home for the final exam

4
Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while
the brain integrates the incoming signals to
determine an appropriate response.
Fig 46.1
Responses can be release of hormones, change in
cell activity, or muscle contraction
Response
5
Muscles allow movement
6
An earthworm without something to push against,
muscles are not much use.
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The skeleton, made of bones, gives support
Fig 50.34
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Bones (connective tissue) are alive
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Connections between bones and muscles
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Muscles can only contract. Therefore, two
muscles are needed for each range of motion.
Fig 50.32
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2 nerve signals for every movement excitatory
and inhibitory
Fig 50.32
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What happens when you contract opposing muscles?
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Plants respond to many environmental stimuli
http//plantsinmotion.bio.indiana.edu/plantmotion/
starthere.html
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Fig 39.16
Plants respond to the direction of light
15
How do plants detect light direction?
Fig 39.5
16
How do plants detect light direction?The
response involves differential growth in the zone
of elongation
Fig 39.5
17
How do plants detect light direction?How would
you test where the plant detects light?
Fig 39.5
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How do plants detect light direction?
Fig39.5
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Plants respond to many environmental stimuli Can
plants make decisions?
20
CB 36.2
Plants transport water, sugar, minerals,
hormones, etc through the vascular system
comprised of xylem and phloem
21
CB 36.2
Water travels from ground out through stomata in
leaves.
22
Stomata control entry of CO2 and exit of H2O from
plant leaves
CB 36.14
Stomata
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CB 36.16
Guard cells regulate the opening of stomata
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The opening and closing of stomata are regulated
by many environmental stimuli light,
temperature, sugar content, CO2, water...
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Fig 39.25
Plants respond to touch...which one was touched?
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Fig39.25
Plants respond to touch
touched
not touched
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Fig 39.28
Bad touch Herbivory
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Fig 39.28
Bad touch Herbivory
systemin
29
Fig 39.28
Bad touch Herbivory
jasmonic acid
systemin
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Fig 39.28
Bad touch Herbivory
Protease Inhibitors
Protease Inhibitors
Protease Inhibitors
jasmonic acid
systemin
Protease Inhibitors
Ive got indigestion!
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Fig 39.28
Bad touch Herbivory
Protease Inhibitors
Protease Inhibitors
Protease Inhibitors
methyl jasmonate
jasmonic acid
Protease Inhibitors
systemin
Protease Inhibitors
Protease Inhibitors
Ive got indigestion!
32
(No Transcript)
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Fig 39.28
Plants release several volatile chemicals to
signal other organisms
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Fig 54.1
Wasp larvae emerging from caterpillar
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vvMG-LWyNcAs
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Plants release several volatile chemicals to
signal other organisms
Plant biology Night moves of pregnant
moths Clarence A. Ryan (29 March 2001) Nature
410, 530-531
36
Moth type and time
Plants release different volatiles depending on
who and when they are being eaten.
De Moraes C. M., Mescher M. C., Tumlinson J. H.
Nature 410, 577-580 (2001)
37
Plants release several volatile chemicals to
signal other organisms
Plant biology Night moves of pregnant
moths Clarence A. Ryan (29 March 2001) Nature
410, 530-531
38

• Your grade in class and homework, experiment, 3
  X exams... Final
• Plus up to 3 points for discussions