Healthy Infrastructure for Sustainable Cities

1

• Healthy Infrastructure for Sustainable Cities
• ??????????????????
• Professor Paul Jowitt
• ????????????
• Vice President
• The Institution of Civil Engineers
• 22 August 2008
• 2008?8?22?

2
Population and Urbanisation

• World population becoming urbanised - 60 by 2025
  
• Greatest effect in Lesser Developed Countries
• In 2003, world population was 5 bn
• 3 bn rural 2 bn urban
• By 2025, 6.6 bn
• 3 bn rural 3.5 bn urban
• Urban growth a combination of endogenous growth
  and rural migration
• Need to create new urban infrastructure for 1.5bn
  people within 15 years as well adapt/safeguard/upg
  rade existing urban infrastructure

3
UN Millennium Development Goals?????????

• ltlt Extreme Poverty
• gtgt Primary Education
• gtgt Gender Equality
• ltlt Child Mortality
• gtgt Maternal Health
• ltlt HIV/AIDS
• gtgt Environmental Sustainability
• gtgt Develop Global Partnership

4
6 of the 8 MDGs directly concerned with the human
condition health, economic and social
well-being and the capacity to play a full and
useful role in the world Cities for future
fulfilment ? ??????????????? All this depends
critically on the delivery of the underpinning
infrastructure networks upon which civilisation
depends.????????????????????????????????????????
5
Infrastructure Networks
????? ?????? ??????????? ??/????/?????? ?? ???? ?
? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????-??/IT/?? ????-??/??,
????,??,??
Water Supply Networks Sewerage Networks Solid
Waste and Recycling Networks Railways/Tramways/Bus
ways Roadways Airways Waterways Footpathways Cyc
leways Greenways Supply and Logistics Networks
Communications Networks - telecons/IT/internet
Social Networks family/friends, health,
education, leisure
6
Healthy InfrastructurePublic Skylines -
Edinburgh
7
Healthy InfrastructurePublic Space - Sienna
8
Healthy InfrastructureGreen Space
9
Healthy InfrastructureBlue Space Canal
Networks
Grand Union Canal - Birmingham Grand
Canal - Venice
10
Water Supply NetworkMelbourne, Australia
Healthy InfrastructureNetworks Underground
11
Sewerage Network Hong Kong Island South
Healthy InfrastructureNetworks Underground
12
SubwaysLondon Underground
Healthy InfrastructureNetworks Underground
13
Sustainable Transport Networks?
Victoria, Australia Tongji, Shanghai Assen,
Netherlands
14
Sustainable Transport Networks?
Atlanta, USA Bangalore, India
London, UK
15
Electricity Distribution Networks
San Francisco Elements of the Grid Lima
16
Power Generation and Distribution Networks
Hydropower Fuel Wood LPG San Xia - 3
Gorges Dam Kibera, Nairobi Delhi
17
Social Networks?
Zhanzuo Covent Garden, Beihai Park
Facebook London Beijing
18
Infrastructure Networks??????
Civilisation - a functioning society, the
environment and business - depends on
increasingly complex physical, financial, social
and technological systems and networks.
??-?????????????????????????????(????????)??????
19
Infrastructure Networks??????
These Complex Systems are increasingly vulnerable
to catastrophic failure from a variety of
internal and external sources, with potential for
consequential social, economic and environmental
breakdown ??????????????????????????,?????????,??
?????????
Cyclone Hurricane Earthquake
Earthquake Burma New Orleans Kashmir
Sichuan
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Infrastructure Networks??????
The risks of systems-wide failures and the
scale of their consequences - are increasing from
a range of random and non-random sources,
including climate change dependence on high
technology infrastructure, market volatility,
increasing urbanisation (in both the developing
and developing worlds) etc.
21
Infrastructure Networks??????
???????????????????,????????????????????,??????,??
?????????,?????,?????(????????????)??
Floods Tsunami Terrorism UK
Banda Aceh New York City
22
Infrastructure Networks??????

• Need to future proof city infrastructures to make
  them more
• ??????????????????,????
• Healthy ??
• Fulfilling ????
• Sustainable?????

23

• Healthy Infrastructure for Sustainable Cities
• ?????????????????
• Cities for future fulfilment
• ????????????
• Learning from the future
• ??????????