A Brief Introduction to English-speaking Countries

1
A Brief Introduction to English-speaking
Countries

• Zhang Huahong
• School of Foreign Studies
• Available at
• sfs.scnu.edu.cn/hhzhang/index.htm

2
Course macro-objectives (MOs)

1. General cultural studies.
2. Specific knowledge about major English-speaking
   countries (esp. UK USA).
3. Extensive reading and targeted vocabulary
   acquisition (related to course arrangement
   rationale).
4. Research ability (info/material collection and
   organisation, paper writing, reference.)

3
MO. I. Cultural Studies

• Importance of cultural studies, for English
  majors in particular.
• Cultural study attitude and approaches
• - comparative
• historical diachronic??? - vertical??
• Spacial ??? synchronic ??? - horizontal??
• - critical active learning, never take things
  from granted.
• ? Important implication comparison and relations
  with China should be added.

4
MO.II. Country-specific background knowledge

• History how these countries have been related to
  one another? (lecture)
• Land geography, environment, climate, places of
  interests, major cities
• - What is the relationship between a
  countrys natural environment and its economy,
  people, and culture?
• People
• - population size
• - composition (according to different
  criteria such as racial/ethnic, regional,
  cultural.)
• - Political and social implications (political
  arrangements, policies, conflicts)

5
MO.II. Background knowledge in specific domains -
2

• 4. Politics state structure, government
  structure, electoral system, political parties,
  important political personalities
• 5. Economy economic sectors, strength and
  weakness
• 6. The target country and the world foreign
  policy, international relations, relations with
  China.
• 7. Education system, formation.
• 8. Culture (pop and high) festivals, customs,
  sports, literature, fine art, etc.

6
About the textbook

• Why these six countries?
• Apart from language, what might be other reasons
  that we put them together?
• What is the status of English in these countries?
  native lang., official lang., lingua franca

7
Distribution of NESs by country
8
The Anglosphere anglophone
9
Country Native speakers
1. USA 214,809,000
2. UK 58,200,000
3. Canada 17,694,830
4. Australia 15,581,334
5. Ireland 4,200,000
6. South Africa 3,673,203
7. New Zealand 3,500,000
8. Singapore 665,087
10
Native language ? official language

• English is an official language in 53 countries
  and regions.
• But it is not an official language of the UK.
• Only in part of the US (30 states) is English an
  official language, not at the federal level.
• It is the de facto ???? official language of UK
  and USA.
• Official languages in Canada Eng. Fr., in
  Ireland Irish Eng., in New Zealand Eng.
  Maori NZ sign lang.

11
Apart from Eng as NL, other factors

• Ethnic/racial white being the largest group.
  (later see population/demography)
• Historical former British colonies or
  settlements US 1776, part of Canada 1763-1867,
  Ireland 1922, Oz 1901, NZ 1907, Commonwealth
  of Nations, NATO.
• Predominant religion Christianity Anglicanism,
  Roman Catholicism and others

12
Commonwealth of Nations
13
Christianity percentage by country
14
Importance of history studies!!!

• yesterday (history) today (now) tomorrow
  (future)
• Next lectures topic.

15
What is there in a name?

• United Kingdom of Great Britain (England
  Scotland Wales) and Northern Ireland.
• United States of America (Amerigo Vespucci)
• Republic of Ireland (Éiru ? Éire land)
• Canada (Kanata village/settlement)
• Commonwealth of Australia (Australis, latin.
  southern)
• New Zealand (Zeeland, NL.)

16
What is the symbolism in the national flag?

• Pattern.
• Colour.
• Historical change.

17
The Union Flag/Jack
18
England
19
Scotland
20
(No Transcript)
21
Wales
22
The Tri-colour
Protestant
catholic
23
The Stars and Stripesthe Star-Spangled Banner
24
The Maple Leaf
25
Australian national flag
26
New Zealand national flag
27
National anthems

• UK God Save the Queen
• USA The Star-Spangled Banner
• Canada O Canada (in Eng. Fr.)
• Ireland Amhrán na bhFiann (The Soldier's Song)
  (Irish)
• Australia Advance Australia Fair
• New Zealand God Defend New Zealand (Maori Eng.)

28

• God save our gracious Queen,1
• Long live our noble Queen,
• God save the Queen
• Send her victorious,
• Happy and glorious,
• Long to reign over us
• God save the Queen.
• O Lord, our God, arise,
• Scatter her enemies,
• And make them fall.
• Confound their politics,
• Frustrate their knavish tricks,
• On Thee our hopes we fix,
• God save us all.
• Thy choicest gifts in store,
• On her be pleased to pour
• Long may she reign
• May she defend our laws,
• And ever give us cause

29

• O say, can you see, by the dawn's early light,
• What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last
  gleaming,
• Whose broad stripes and bright stars, through the
  perilous fight,
• Oer the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly
  streaming?
• And the rockets red glare, the bombs bursting in
  air,
• Gave proof through the night that our flag was
  still there.
• O say, does that star spangled banner yet wave
• Oer the land of the free, and the home of the
  brave?

30

• Where the foes haughty host in dread silence
  reposes,
• What is that which the breeze, oer the towering
  steep,
• As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half
  discloses?
• Now it catches the gleam of the mornings first
  beam,
• In full glory reflected now shines in the stream
  
• Tis the star-spangled banner! O long may it wave
  
• Oer the land of the free and the home of the
  brave.

31

• And where is that band who so vauntingly swore
• That the havoc of war and the battles confusion
• A home and a country should leave us no more?
• Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps'
  pollution.
• No refuge could save the hireling and slave
• From the terror of flight, or the gloom of the
  grave
• And the star-spangled banner, in triumph doth
  wave
• Oer the land of the free and the home of the
  brave.

32

• O thus be it ever when freemen shall stand
• Between their loved homes and the wars
  desolation!
• Blest with victry and peace, may the
  Heavn-rescued land
• Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us
  a nation.
• Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,
• And this be our motto "In God is our Trust."
• And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall
  wave
• Oer the land of the free and the home of the
  brave.

33
Amhrán na bhFiann A Soldier's Song

• Soldiers are weWhose lives are pledged to
  IrelandSome have comeFrom a land beyond the
  waveSworn to be freeNo more our ancient sire
  landShall shelter the despot or the slave
• Tonight we man the bearna baolIn Erins cause,
  come woe or wealMid cannons roar and rifles
  pealWell chant a soldiers song

34
O, Canada!

• O Canada!Our home and native land!True patriot
  love in all thy sons command.With glowing hearts
  we see thee rise,The True North strong and
  free!From far and wide, O Canada, we stand on
  guard for thee.God keep our land glorious and
  free!O Canada, we stand on guard for thee.O
  Canada, we stand on guard for thee.

35

• Advance Australia Fair
• Australians all let us rejoice,
• For we are young and free
• We've golden soil and wealth for toil
• Our home is girt by sea
• Our land abounds in nature's gifts
• Of beauty rich and rare
• In history's page, let every stage
• Advance Australia Fair.
• In joyful strains then let us sing,
• Advance Australia Fair.

36

• Beneath our radiant Southern Cross
• We'll toil with hearts and hands
• To make this Commonwealth of ours
• Renowned of all the lands
• For those who've come across the seas
• We've boundless plains to share
• With courage let us all combine
• To Advance Australia Fair.
• In joyful strains then let us sing,
• Advance Australia Fair.

37

• God of Nations at thy feet,
• In the bonds of love we meet
• Hear our voices we entreat
• God defend our free land
• Guard Pacifics triple star
• From the shafts of strife and war
• Make her praises heard afar
• God defend New Zealand.

38
Early Settlement

• 3,000 BC Iberians from Spain
• 2,000 BC Beakers from
  Holland
• 700 BC Germanic Celts
• 55 BC500 AD Romans
• 500 AD Anglo-Saxons
• 800900 AD Vikings and Danes
• 1066 AD Norman French

39
William the Conqueror

• (1066-1154) William I, (succeeded by William
  II, Henry I) reorganized the feudal system,
  making all landholders swear greater loyalty to
  him rather than to their separate lords. He also
  ordered an exhaustive survey of the landed wealth
  in his realm. The written results, known as the
  Domesday Book, helped determine the revenues owed
  him by his subjects.

40
Plantagenet (Norman)

• (1154-1485) Nickname of Anjou dynasty,
  founded by Geoffrey IV, husband of Matilda,
  daughter of King Henry I of England. The kings,
  in the main line of descent, were Henry II,
  Richard I, John, Henry III, Edward I, Edward II,
  Edward III, and Richard II through the house of
  Lancaster, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI and
  through the house of York, Edward IV, Edward V,
  Richard III.

41
Tudor (Welsh)

• The dynasty (1485-1603) founded by the Welsh
  nobleman Owen Tudor, who married Catherine of
  Valois, the widow of the English king Henry V.
  Their eldest son, Edmund Tudor, married Margaret
  Beaufort, a descendant of John of Gaunt, son of
  King Edward III. In 1485 Edmund and Margaret's
  son, Henry, killed Richard III of the house of
  York and became Henry VII, the first Tudor
  monarch succeeded by Henry VIII and his son and
  two daughters, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I.

42
Stuart (Scottish)

• (1603-1714) James I, who succeeded childless
  Queen Elizabeth, as the first Stuart king of
  England, was succeeded by Charles I, Charles II,
  James II, and Mary II. who first ruled with her
  husband, William III, until her death in 1694.
  William then ruled alone until 1702, succeeded by
  Queen Anne, the second daughter of James II.

43
Hanover (German)

• (1714-1901) Childless Queen Anne was
  succeeded by George I, then by George II, George
  III, George IV, childless William IV and Queen
  Victoria.
• Twentieth Century (German)
• (1901-) Edward VII, George V, Edward VIII,
  George VI, Queen Elizabeth II

44
U. K. Historical Dates

• 1536,1707 the Kingdom of Great Britain
• 1801 the United Kingdom was created
• 1833 slavery abolished in the Empire
• 1911 power of House of Lords reduced
• 1921 the British kingdom was renamed
• 1945 Labor Party made a welfare state
• 1979 the first woman as prime minister
• 1997 the Labor Party returned to power
• 1999 Scotland, Walesa level of self-rule

45
1. Why is Britain called a complicated
country with a complicated name?2. What are the
effects of its imperial past?3. When did it
become a member of the European Union?4. Why
is it considered a multiracial society?5. How
remarkable are its class, regional and
economic differences?6. How significant is the
role of London?

• Unit 1. Profile of UK

46
7. The significant role of London 8. Cultural
and economic dominance of England 9. Invasion
from the Roman Empire10. Settlement of the
Anglo-Saxons11. King Arthur12. Vikings from
Scandinavia13. William the Conqueror14.
Parliaments dominance over the throne15.
Physical features of Scotland16. Cultural
division between highland and lowland
47

• 17.How important is the battle of Bannockburn to
  the Scots?
• 18.Who is the national hero to bring about the
  300-year independence of Scotland?
• 19.What happened to Scotland in 1707?
• 20.How is the strong Scottish identity shown?
• 21. Can you say something about Wales?
• 22. Why is it said Wales has a history of
  invasions?
• 23. In what century was its unification with the
  UK completed?

48
Unit 2. Northern Ireland

• 1.Can you tell about the population and
• physical features of Northern Ireland?
• 2.What is the Home Rule Bill?
• 3.What happened in Ireland in the Easter
• Rising of 1916?
• 4.What does the Sinn Fein Party aim at?
• 6.What caused the religious conflicts in
• Ireland historically?

49
7.What is the significance of partition of
Ireland in 1921? 8.How was IRAs violence in the
1970s? 9.What does Bloody Sunday
symbolize?10.What caused the collapse of the
power- sharing in Northern Ireland?11.How
did the British and Irish govern- ments
cooperate for a solution?12.What is the Good
Friday Agreement?
50
Unit 3. THE U. K. GOVERNMENT

• 1.Divine right of kings
• 2.The civil war
• 3.Magna Carta
• 4.The Great Council
• 5.The Bill of Rights of 1689
• 6.The Cabinet
• 7.The Prime Minister

51

• 8.The Constitution
• 9.Parliaments power and functions
• 10.The roles of the monarch
• 11.The House of Lords
• 12.Life peers
• 13.The House of Commons

52
Unit 4. POLITICS

• 1.Importance of general elections
• 2.The formation of the government
• 3.Vote of no confidence
• 4.Procedure of general elections
• 5.The Conservative Party
• 6.The Labor Party
• 7.The Liberal Democrats

53

• 8. Recent political trends in the UK
• 9.Margaret Thatcher
• 10.Tony Blair
• 11.Class system in the British society
• 12.The upper-middle-class and the lower
• middle-class
• 13.The hereditary aristocracy
• 14.Oxbridge
• 15.Ethnic relations in Britain

54
Unit 5. THE UK ECONOMY

• 1.Absolute decline and relative
• decline of British economy
• 2.Privatization in the 1980s
• 3.Main sectors of the UK economy
• 4.Primary industries
• 5.Secondary industries
• 6.Tertiary industries
• 7.Agriculture

55

• 8. Energy production
• 9. Offshore oil industry
• 10.Manufacturing industry
• 11.The City of London
• 12.Aerospace industry

56

• Unit 6. BRITISH LITERATURE
• 1.Beowulf
• 2.The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer
• 3.Stories of King Arthur and his knights
• 4.William Shakespeare
• 5.John Milton
• 6.Romantic poets of the 19th century

57

• 7.The Bronte sisters
• 8.Sir Walter Scott
• 9.Robert Louis Stevenson
• 10.Modernism
• 11.Postmodernism
• 12.Joseph Conrad
• 13.Virginia Woolf
• 14.D.H.Lawrence
• 15.E.M.Foster

58

• Unit 7. British Education
• Purpose of the education system
• Influence of the Church on schooling
• Education and social class
• The 1944 Education Act
• Comprehensive school
• Grammar school
• National Curriculum
• Public school
• GCSE, GCE-A, and GNVQs
• Old Universities
• The Open University

59

• Unit 8 Foreign Relations
• 1.Active in setting up the U.N.
• 2.Foreign policy influenced by its history and
  geopolitical traits
• 3.The involvement of the Foreign and Commonwealth
  Office
• 4.The Treasury
• 5.Permanent member of UN. SC

60

• 6.Member of the European Union
• 7.Member of the Commonwealth
• 8.Special relationship with US
• 9.The Suez Crisis
• 10.The presence of US bases in UK
• 11.Its participation in NATO

61

• Unit 9 British Media
• 1.Popularity and functions
• 2.The quality press
• Observer Times Guardian
• Telegraph Financial Times
• 3.The tabloids
• 4.Television and radio
• 5.British Broadcasting Corporation
• 6.The Independent TV Commission

62

• Unit 10. SPORTS,HOLIDAYS,FESTIVALS
• 1.Football, the FA and the FA Cup
• 2.Tennis and Wimbledon
• 3.Cricket and Golf
• 4.Hunting and fishing
• 5.Horse racing
• 6.The Grand National
• 7.The Royal Ascot
• 8.Three traditions of Christmas
• 9.The Christmas Pantomime

63

• 10.Boxing Days tradition
• 11.Easter and Ramadan
• 12.Trooping the color
• 13.Bonfire Nights traditions
• 14.The Battle of the Boyne
• 15.Orange Marches
• 16.St. Patricks Day
• 17.Hogmanay in Scotland
• 18.Burns Night
• 19.Halloweens traditions
• 20.The Eisteddfod in Wales

64
Unit 11 Irish land, people, history1.Northern
Ireland the Republic of Ireland2.unique
geographic features of Ireland3.natural
environment4.temperate climate5.expansion of
tourism6.intensive farming7.emigration
65
8.Great Famine of 1845-48 9.a young
country10.the Celtic Tiger11.English
Colonization of Ireland12.warrior culture and
history13.campaigns for Home Rule14.Irish
Independence in 1921
66
12 Politics and Economy1.representative
democracy2.structure of Irish government3.checks
and balances4.Civil service5.Irish legal
system6.small, open, trade-dependent
economy7.economic transformation8. accession to
the EU as a watershed9.social change10.multinati
onal culture11.new prosperity12.new inequalities
67
Unit 13 The Irish life now 1.rapid social
change 2.attitudes to the English 3.Irish
identity 4.Roman Catholic values
5.Catholic-Protestant conflicts 6.extended
family 7.womens movement 8.pub culture
9.flexibility in work places10.trade
union11.education and according investment
68
Unit 14 Language, literature, arts 1.Erse and
the colonial policy 2.Hiberno-English 3.oral
culture tradition 4.folk heritage 5.Riverdance
6.Nobel Prize winners for Literature 7.James
Joyce 8.Irish music and dance 9.hurling and
popular sports in Ireland10.Irish identity in
the world 11.science and technology
69

• Unit 15 The Land and the people
• of the dreaming
• 1.the natural environment of Australia
• 2.distinctive features of the land
• 3.distinctive animals of the land
• 4.the indigenous peoples
• 5.Dreaming and Dreamtime
• 6.the concept of Terra Nullius
• 7.impact of colonization on the indigenous
  peoples
• 8.policies of segregation and assimilation

70

• Unit 16. Religion today
• 1.The dreaming
• 2.Protestantism and Capitalism
• 3.Anglicanism and its decline
• 4.Catholicism
• 5.Fundamentalism and Evangelicalism
• 6.Secularism
• 7.non-Christian religions in Australia
• 8.religion in a consumerist society
• 9.sport as a national religion

71
Unit 17 From penal colony to Free
migration1.beginning of the penal
colony2.women in the penal colony3.convict
laborers and workers4.emancipists5.from convict
transportation to free migration6.the basic
problem of free migration7.the Wakefield Scheme

72
Unit 18 A liberal Democratic
Society1.difference as the central value of the
Australian society2.the Washminster form of
polity3.three-tier system of government4.two
houses of Parliament5.the Governor-General6.poli
tical parties7.advantages of the pluralist form
of government8.Australian governments role in
the national economy9.interventionist
government10.economic rationalism
73
Unit 19 Bureaucratic power and
Whistle-Blowers1.the Elite Theory2.expansion of
the executive government3.changes in
bureaucratic power in Australian political
economy4.relationship between the ministers and
heads of departments5.the bureaucratic
ascendancy6.whistle-blowing and
whistle-blowers7.whistle-blowers and
bureaucratic responses

74

• Unit 20. Racism to multiculturalsim
• 1.Ethnicity and immigration
• 2.White Australia Policy
• 3.Multiculturalism
• 4.Pauline Hanson and the One Nation Party
• 5.Migration to Australia today
• 6.Four stages of the settler-Aboriginal relations
• 7.The struggle for Land Rights for the Indigenous
  people
• 8.The Mabo decision
• 9.The Wik decision/ 10.The History Wars

75

• 21. New Zealand (1)
• 1.Geography
• North Island
• South Island
• 2.The Weather
• 3.Wildlife
• Unique flora and fauna
• 4.Environmental Issues
• Resource Management Act
• Ozone depletion

76

• 5.Maori society
• 6.Maoritanga
• Traditions
• Legends about Maui
• Maori Society
• Ethnic Relations
• Maori Language
• 7.Pacific Island people
• 8.Race relations
• 9.HistoryFirst settlers of the Island
• 10.Maori-Pakeha relationship

77

• 22. New Zealand (2)
• 1. Parliament
• 2. Mixed Member Proportional Representation
• 3. The Cabinet
• 4. The Ombudsman
• 5. Primary Schools Secondary Schools
• 6. Correspondence School
• 7. Universities Polytechnics
• 8. Crops and Horticulture
• 9. Forests
• 10. Fisheries
• 11. Energy
• 12. Overseas Trade

78
23. AMERICAN BEGINNINGS1.Discovery of
America2.Puritanism 3.The Pilgrim Fathers4.The
influence of Puritanism on American
culture5.The causes and major leaders of the
American Revolution6.The Declaration of
IndependenceQ1, Q3
79
24. U. S. POLITICAL SYSTEM1.the Article of
Confederation2.the making of the US
Constitution3.the three branches of the federal
government4.checks and balances5.the Bill
of Rights6.political parties Q1, Q3, Q5
80
25. AMERICAN ECONOMY1.Samuel Slater
Q1, Q2, Q32.Eli Whitney3.Industrial Revolution
in America4.Corporation5.Service industries
6.Stock7.The root of Americas
affluence8.Agribusiness9.Migrant workers10.The
success and problems of American agriculture
81
26. RELIGION IN THE U. S. 1.American
history and religious liberty2.The US
Constitution and religion3.Protestants in the
US4.Catholic in the US5.Three faiths in the
US6.Religious diversity7.Characteristics of
American religious beliefsQ1, Q2, Q3, Q4
82
27. AMERICAN LITERATURE 1.Writers of the
post-Revolutionary period Washington Irving
James Cooper2.Transcendentalists Ralph Emerson
Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 Henry Thoreau3.Power of
imagination Egdar Poe Nathaniel Hawthorne
Herman Melville
83
27. AMERICAN LITERATURE 4.New visions of
American Walt Whitman5.Reform and liberation
Harriet Stowe6.Regionalism William Howells
Mark Twin Emily Dickinson
84
27. AMERICAN LITERATURE 7. A new wave
Henry James Edith Wharton Naturalists
Stephen Crane Theodore Dreiser Jack
London8.Rebellious spirit Sherwood Anderson
Sinclair Lewis9.The modernistsimagism---in
poetry Ezra Pound T. S. Eliot E. E. Cumming
Wallace Stevens William C. Williams
85
27. AMERICAN LITERATURE 10.The Lost
Generation F. Scott Fitzgerald Ernest
Hemingway William Faulkner11.The Harlem
Renaissance12.New Drama Eugene
ONeill13.Depression Realism and Escapism
John Steinbeck Margaret Mitchell
86
27. AMERICAN LITERATURE Norman Mailer
Joseph Heller 14.The postwar voices The
Beat Generation Black writers Women
writers Theater Tennessee Williams
Arthur Miller
87
28. EDUCATION IN U. S. 1.the goal of
education2.expenditure of education3.different
education laws for different states4.several
levels of schooling5.curricula for
students6.compulsory education for all
children7.public taxation for schools8.education
in the hands of state and local governments
Q1, Q2, Q3
88
28. EDUCATION IN U. S. 9.equal education
opportunities for minority groups 10.a
strong demand for higher education11.the complex
system of higher education12.varieties of
colleges and university13.trends in degree
programs14.the Servicemens Readjustment
Act15.affirmative action programs16.nontradition
al students
89
29. SOCIAL MOVEMENTS IN
AMERICA1.Greensboro Sit-In2.The Civil Rights
Movement3.Martin Luther King, Jr.4.The Anti-War
Movement5.Free Speech Movement6.The Counter
Culture7.Womens Liberation Movement
90
30. SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN AMERICA
1.racial problems2.inequality in American
society3.discrimination against blacks4.the
black underclass5.poverty as a social
problem6.drug abuse Q1
91
30. SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN AMERICA
7.social costs of drug abuse8.crime9.the
profile of a typical criminal10.racial prejudice
in the high rate of arrests11.white-collar
crime12.the abuse of power by government13.the
abuse of power by corporations
92
31. TECHNOLOGY IN AMERICA1.Eli Whitney and mass
production2.John H Hall3. the Stevens and
transportation 4.Samuel F B More5.The Pony
Express System6.Alexander Graham Bell7.Thomas
Alva Edison8.Frederick Winslow Taylor
93
31. TECHNOLOGY IN AMERICA 9.Henry Ford 10.the
invention of the radio11.the Age of Visual
Information12.household technologies
13.computer science14.rocketry15.Use of
nuclear energy
94
32. POST-WWII AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY
1.the beginning of the Cold War
2.Americo-Soviet Arms Race3.the Truman
Doctrine4.the containment policy 5.the Cuban
Missile Crisis in 19626.the Korean War
Sino-American relations7.engagement and
expansion8.unilateralism9.the Sept.11 terrorist
attack war on Iraq
95
33. SPORTS SCENIC SPOTS 1.the American
Football 2.baseball3.Jackie Robinson4.the
World Series5.basketball6.James Naismith7.NBA
96
33. SPORTS SCENIC SPOTS 8.the Grand
Canyon9.Yellowstone National Park10.Disneyland1
1.The National Monument12.The Everglades13.Niaga
ra Falls
97
34. EARLY AMERICAN JAZZ1.jazz music2.New
Orleans jazz3.Louis Armstrong4.Ragtime
music5.Count Basie6.Boogie Woogie
98
35. CANADACOUNTRY PEOPLE 1.the search for
the Canadian identity2.the regions of
Canada3.the Yukon the Northwest
Territories4.British Columbia5.the prairie
provinces
99
35. CANADACOUNTRY PEOPLE 6.Central
CanadaOntario Quebec7.the Maritimes (the
Atlantic regions)8.The First Nations (the
Aboriginal people)9.European settlement in
Canada10.The Confederation11.The origin of the
word Canada
100
36. GOVERNMENT POLITICS 1.Canadas
political system2.A nation based on peace,
order and good government3.Tolerance of
different values and customs4.English-speaking
Canada5.French-speaking Canada
101
36. GOVERNMENT POLITICS 6.Canadas system
of government7.The Governor General8.The
federal government9.The House of Commons10.The
Senate
102
37. THE CANADIAN MOSAIC 1.the Canadian
mosaic2.multiculturalism3.the First
Nations4.the Inuit5.the Metis6.immigration
policy of Canada7.Immigration Act 19768.Quebec
and French Canadians
103
38. THE CANADIAN ECONOMY 1.three factors
influencing Canadian economy2the Canada-US
Free Trade Agreement3.natural resources in
Canada4.agriculture in Canada5.manufacturing
industry in Canada6.service industry in Canada
104
39. CANADIAN LITERATURE 1.the central idea
of Canadian literature2.Native Canadian
mythology3.Early colonial literature4.The
literature of nation-building5.Ted Allen6.Hugh
Maclennan7.Margaret Laurence8.Margaret
Atwood9.Alice Munro10.Michael Ondaatje
105
40. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 1.Canada as a
middle power in international
affairs2.Canadas role in international
organizations3.The emergence of Canada as a
full- fledged and sovereign state4.Canadas
role in the Suez Crisis of 19565.Lester
Pearson6.involuntary military
guarantee7.Canada-US relations