Paul

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Pauls Letterto theGalatians
Class 1Background
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Class Outline
Who? Did Paul write Galatians?
How? Did Paul use an amanuensis?
To Whom? North Galatia vs. South Galatia
When? Timing in relation to Pauls journeys
Why? The Circumcision Party
Yes!
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Did Paul use an Amanuensis?
2Thess. 317 I, Paul, write this greeting with my own hand, and this is a distinguishing mark in every letter this is the way I write.
2Cor. 1621 The greeting is in my own hand-- Paul.
Col. 11 418 Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, and Timothy our brother I, Paul, write this greeting with my own hand. Remember my imprisonment. Grace be with you.
Rom. 1622 I, Tertius, who write this letter, greet you in the Lord.
1Pet. 512 Through Silvanus, our faithful brother (for so I regard him), I have written to you briefly, exhorting and testifying that this is the true grace of God. Stand firm in it!
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1st Journey Acts 13 14
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2nd Journey Acts 161-1822
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Galatia 280-25 BC
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Galatia 25 BC - 137 AD
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Galatia 137 AD
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Northern Galatia - Reasons
1) Acts 166 1823 say Galatia, Acts 14 does not. Different use of language Luke tends to use geographic and ethnic descriptions such as Lycaonia (146), Pisidia (1314, 1424), Mysia (167-8) Paul tends to use Roman provincial names such as Macedonia, Asia, Achaia Greek of Acts 166 1823 could mean Phrygo-Galatic territory or the part of Galatia inhabited by Phrygians Acts 166 could imply no preaching done here No ecclesias named in Northern Galatia North Galatia rather isolated
2) Gal. 21-10 is about Jerusalem conference Some connections, but many differences too No mention of the result of the conference in Galatians!
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Northern Galatia - Reasons
3) Gal 413 implies 1st of 2 visits Perhaps, though it also could just mean previously
4) Gauls were known to be a fickle people by ancient writers Very weak argument, lots of people are fickle People of Lystra were fickle too regarding Paul first as a god, and then stoning him
5) Style and subject matches 3rd Journey letters (2Corinthians and Romans) Many points of contrast too another weak argument
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Southern Galatia - Timeline
Date Reference Event
28-30 Public Ministry of Jesus
33 Acts 91-18 Conversion of Paul
33-35 Gal. 115-17 3 years in Arabia
35 Acts 919-25 Damascus Preaching
35 Acts 926-30 Gal. 118-19 1st Jerusalem Visit 15 days with Peter
35-45 Gal. 121-22 11 years in Syria and Cilicia (Tarsus)
46 Acts 1125-26 Barnabas brings Saul from Tarsus to Antioch
46 Acts 1127-30 1225 Gal. 21-10 2nd Jerusalem Visit
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Southern Galatia - Timeline
Date Reference Event
47-48 Acts 13-14 Missionary journey to Galatia
48 Acts 1426-28 Paul returns to Antioch
48 Acts 151 Gal. 211-14 Judaizers in Antioch Paul withstands Peter
48 Galatians Paul hears that Judaizers are in Galatia too Writes epistle
49 Acts 152-29 3rd Jerusalem Visit The Jerusalem conference
49 Acts 1530-35 Paul returns to Antioch
49-50 Acts 161-6 Paul commences 2nd Missionary journey in Galatia
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Southern Galatia - Reasons
1) Gal 120 Paul is emphatic he is telling the truth He mentions only 2 Jerusalem visits Gal. 118-19 Acts 926-30 Gal. 21-10 Acts 1127-30 1225 If written after Acts 15, he has omitted either Acts 11 or Acts 15
2) No mention of results of Acts 15 conference Whole problem in Galatia was circumcision
3) They knew Barnabas (21, 9, 13) v13 (even Barnabas indicates they knew Barnabas! Barnabas not with Paul on 2nd and 3rd journeys
4) Timothy not mentioned In every letter but Titus and Ephesians Timothy with Paul on 2nd and 3rd journeys, but not first
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Southern Galatia - Reasons
5) Depiction of Peter in Gal. 211-14 Incredible to believe that Peter would cave in to the Judaizers after the conference.
6) Paul founded these ecclesias (18, 11 31 413-20 617) Matches descriptions in Acts 14 31 413-15 617 appear to be references to Pauls suffering/illness in those cities (e.g. Acts 1419-20) Also 414 could be a reference to Acts 1411-12???
7) Emphasis of Titus not being circumcised (23) Timothy was circumcised after the conference (Acts 163) an obvious counter-argument if Galatians written at a later date.


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Acts 1127-30 Gal 21-10
a) A private meeting Gal. 22 Not public like Acts 15
b) Remember the poor Gal. 210 Acts 11 visit to provide a contribution NIV continue to remember the poor
c) Previously in Syria and Cilicia Gal. 121 This cannot mean the first missionary journey equates to Acts 1125-26
d) Confusion in Antioch Gal. 211-14 Corresponds to the men coming down from Judea in Acts 151 Situation was clear after the conference
e) Barnabas and Pauls dispute Gal. 213 This is not the same event or cause as Acts 1537-39