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THE PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE

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Title: THE PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE


1
Horney (1885-1952) Part 2
http//media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/53/6195
3-003.gif
2
Neurotic trends
  • (in contrast to normal needs)
  • disproportionate in intensity
  • indiscriminant in application
  • everyone must love me I must be better than
    everyone etc.
  • disregard for reality
  • intense anxiety if not satisfied

3
Self
  • Healthy
  • Real self ? self-realization (full potential)
  • Unhealthy
  • Idealized self ? neurosis
  • Tyranny of the shoulds
  • ALIENATION FROM THE REAL SELF

4
Externalization (self-obliteration)
  • everything happens outside of self, and only
    changes outside of self will fix things
  • external factors maintain idealized self
  • externalization of rage
  • Anger turned against others (instead of self)
  • Fear that persons faults will be intolerable to
    others (anger at self)
  • Body disorders (anger at self)

5
SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
  • blind spots
  • compartmentalizing
  • rationalization
  • excessive self-control
  • arbitrary rightness
  • elusiveness
  • cynicism

6
SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
  • blind spots
  • compartmentalizing
  • rationalization
  • excessive self-control
  • arbitrary rightness
  • elusiveness
  • cynicism

7
SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
  • blind spots
  • compartmentalizing
  • rationalization
  • excessive self-control
  • arbitrary rightness
  • elusiveness
  • cynicism

8
SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
  • blind spots
  • compartmentalizing
  • rationalization
  • excessive self-control (no emotion)
  • arbitrary rightness
  • elusiveness
  • cynicism

9
SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
  • blind spots
  • compartmentalizing
  • rationalization
  • excessive self-control
  • arbitrary rightness
  • elusiveness
  • cynicism

10
SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
  • blind spots
  • compartmentalizing
  • rationalization
  • excessive self-control
  • arbitrary rightness
  • Elusiveness (no decision)
  • cynicism

11
SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
  • blind spots
  • compartmentalizing
  • rationalization
  • excessive self-control
  • arbitrary rightness
  • elusiveness
  • Cynicism (so not disappointed)

12
Goals of Therapy
  • Self-realization
  • Being productive, truthful, and cooperative with
    others
  • Prevent externalization
  • In touch with real self
  • Healthy characteristics
  • Responsibility
  • Inner independence
  • Spontaneity of feeling
  • Wholeheartedness

13
Feminine psychology
  • Penis envy
  • womb envy

14
Horney vs. Freud
  • Early childhood
  • Unconscious motivation
  • Biological motivation (environment more important
    than anatomy)
  • Optimistic, not pessimistic
  • Therapy (self-analysis)
  • Prognosis for change

15
Critique
  • Criticisms
  • Unoriginal ideas
  • Little empirical support
  • Disregard of healthy people
  • Contributions
  • Original ideas
  • Self-analysis
  • Feminine psychology

16
  • Erik Erikson (1902-1994)

17
The Epigenetic Principle
  • "anything that grows has a ground plan

18
psychosocial
  • Personality affected by both
  • Biology
  • Culture
  • Importance of the ego
  • life span approach

19
General Sequence of Stages
Ego Strengthened or weakened
Ritualization
  • Crisis
  • immature
  • critical
  • resolution

Genetics
Virtue
Ritualism
8 of these
20
Stage 1 Trust versus Mistrust
Age 0-1 Value Hope
21
Stage 1
  • Ritualization
  • Numinous cultural ways mother and child
    interact
  • Ritualism
  • Idolism excessive admiration instead of warm
    feeling to others

22
Stage 2 Autonomy versus Shame, Doubt
Age 1-3 Value Will
23
Stage 2
  • Ritualization
  • Judiciousness learning right from wrong
  • Ritualism
  • Legalism preoccupation with rules instead of
    reason for rules

24
Stage 3 Initiative versus Guilt(imagination
vs. limits)
Age 4-5 Value Purpose
25
Stage 3
  • Ritualization
  • Authenticity role playing
  • Ritualism
  • Impersonation confusing playing a role with
    real personality

26
Stage 4 Industry versus Inferiority
Age 6-11 Value Competence
27
As in Adlers inferiority complex? Wow!
28
Stage 4
  • Ritualization
  • Formality learning how things work in ones
    culture
  • Ritualism
  • Formalism preoccupation with work, no interest
    in why things work

29
Stage 5 Identity versus Identity Confusion
Age 12-20 Value Fidelity
  • moratorium
  • identity crisis
  • role confusion
  • negative identity

30
Stage 5
  • Ritualization
  • Ideology embracing a philosophy of life
  • Ritualism
  • Totalism embrace simplistic ideas of heroes

31
Stage 6 Intimacy versus Isolation
Age 20-24 Value Love
32
Stage 6
  • Ritualization
  • Affiliation intimate relationship
  • Ritualism
  • Elitism superficial relationships w/ a small
    group of people

33
Stage 7 Generativity versus Stagnation
Age 25-64 Value Care
34
Stage 7
  • Ritualization
  • Generationalism transmit cultural values to
    next generation
  • Ritualism
  • Authoritism using power for selfish gains

35
Stage 8 Integrity versus Despair
Age 65-death Value Wisdom
36
Stage 8
  • Ritualization
  • Integralism unification of previous
    ritualizations, see ones life contributing to
    immortal culture
  • Ritualism
  • Sapientism pretense of being wise

37
Psychosocial Stages Compared with Freuds
Psychosexual Stages
Psychosocial Stage (Erikson) Psychosexual Stage (Freud)
1. Trust vs. Mistrust Oral
2. Autonomy vs. Shame, Doubt Anal
3. Initiative vs. Guilt Phallic
4. Industry vs. Inferiority Latency
5. Identity vs. Identity Diffusion Genital
6. Intimacy vs. Isolation Genital
7. Generativity vs. Self-Absorption Genital
8. Integrity vs. Despair Genital
38
Goal of Therapy
  • Strengthen the ego, encourage growth of values
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