Title: THE PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE
1Horney (1885-1952) Part 2
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2Neurotic trends
- (in contrast to normal needs)
- disproportionate in intensity
- indiscriminant in application
- everyone must love me I must be better than
everyone etc. - disregard for reality
- intense anxiety if not satisfied
3Self
- Healthy
- Real self ? self-realization (full potential)
- Unhealthy
- Idealized self ? neurosis
- Tyranny of the shoulds
- ALIENATION FROM THE REAL SELF
4Externalization (self-obliteration)
- everything happens outside of self, and only
changes outside of self will fix things - external factors maintain idealized self
- externalization of rage
- Anger turned against others (instead of self)
- Fear that persons faults will be intolerable to
others (anger at self) - Body disorders (anger at self)
5SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
- blind spots
- compartmentalizing
- rationalization
- excessive self-control
- arbitrary rightness
- elusiveness
- cynicism
6SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
- blind spots
- compartmentalizing
- rationalization
- excessive self-control
- arbitrary rightness
- elusiveness
- cynicism
7SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
- blind spots
- compartmentalizing
- rationalization
- excessive self-control
- arbitrary rightness
- elusiveness
- cynicism
8SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
- blind spots
- compartmentalizing
- rationalization
- excessive self-control (no emotion)
- arbitrary rightness
- elusiveness
- cynicism
9SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
- blind spots
- compartmentalizing
- rationalization
- excessive self-control
- arbitrary rightness
- elusiveness
- cynicism
10SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
- blind spots
- compartmentalizing
- rationalization
- excessive self-control
- arbitrary rightness
- Elusiveness (no decision)
- cynicism
11SECONDARY ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
- blind spots
- compartmentalizing
- rationalization
- excessive self-control
- arbitrary rightness
- elusiveness
- Cynicism (so not disappointed)
12Goals of Therapy
- Self-realization
- Being productive, truthful, and cooperative with
others - Prevent externalization
- In touch with real self
- Healthy characteristics
- Responsibility
- Inner independence
- Spontaneity of feeling
- Wholeheartedness
13Feminine psychology
14Horney vs. Freud
- Early childhood
- Unconscious motivation
- Biological motivation (environment more important
than anatomy) - Optimistic, not pessimistic
- Therapy (self-analysis)
- Prognosis for change
15Critique
- Criticisms
- Unoriginal ideas
- Little empirical support
- Disregard of healthy people
- Contributions
- Original ideas
- Self-analysis
- Feminine psychology
16 17The Epigenetic Principle
- "anything that grows has a ground plan
18psychosocial
- Personality affected by both
- Biology
- Culture
- Importance of the ego
- life span approach
19General Sequence of Stages
Ego Strengthened or weakened
Ritualization
- Crisis
- immature
- critical
- resolution
Genetics
Virtue
Ritualism
8 of these
20Stage 1 Trust versus Mistrust
Age 0-1 Value Hope
21Stage 1
- Ritualization
- Numinous cultural ways mother and child
interact - Ritualism
- Idolism excessive admiration instead of warm
feeling to others
22Stage 2 Autonomy versus Shame, Doubt
Age 1-3 Value Will
23Stage 2
- Ritualization
- Judiciousness learning right from wrong
- Ritualism
- Legalism preoccupation with rules instead of
reason for rules
24Stage 3 Initiative versus Guilt(imagination
vs. limits)
Age 4-5 Value Purpose
25Stage 3
- Ritualization
- Authenticity role playing
- Ritualism
- Impersonation confusing playing a role with
real personality
26Stage 4 Industry versus Inferiority
Age 6-11 Value Competence
27As in Adlers inferiority complex? Wow!
28Stage 4
- Ritualization
- Formality learning how things work in ones
culture - Ritualism
- Formalism preoccupation with work, no interest
in why things work
29Stage 5 Identity versus Identity Confusion
Age 12-20 Value Fidelity
- moratorium
- identity crisis
- role confusion
- negative identity
30Stage 5
- Ritualization
- Ideology embracing a philosophy of life
- Ritualism
- Totalism embrace simplistic ideas of heroes
31Stage 6 Intimacy versus Isolation
Age 20-24 Value Love
32Stage 6
- Ritualization
- Affiliation intimate relationship
- Ritualism
- Elitism superficial relationships w/ a small
group of people
33Stage 7 Generativity versus Stagnation
Age 25-64 Value Care
34Stage 7
- Ritualization
- Generationalism transmit cultural values to
next generation - Ritualism
- Authoritism using power for selfish gains
35Stage 8 Integrity versus Despair
Age 65-death Value Wisdom
36Stage 8
- Ritualization
- Integralism unification of previous
ritualizations, see ones life contributing to
immortal culture - Ritualism
- Sapientism pretense of being wise
37Psychosocial Stages Compared with Freuds
Psychosexual Stages
Psychosocial Stage (Erikson) Psychosexual Stage (Freud)
1. Trust vs. Mistrust Oral
2. Autonomy vs. Shame, Doubt Anal
3. Initiative vs. Guilt Phallic
4. Industry vs. Inferiority Latency
5. Identity vs. Identity Diffusion Genital
6. Intimacy vs. Isolation Genital
7. Generativity vs. Self-Absorption Genital
8. Integrity vs. Despair Genital
38Goal of Therapy
- Strengthen the ego, encourage growth of values