Pilot Schools

1
Part 141

• Pilot Schools
• Subpart A
• General

2
141.3 Certificate Required

• To operate as a certified pilot school
• Pilot school certificate, or
• Provisional pilot school certificate must be
  issued

3
141.5 Requirements

• Pilot school certificate issued with associated
  ratings
• Complete application
• Hold provisional pilot school certificate for at
  least 24 calendar month
• Meet requirements of ratings sought
• Trained/recommended within 24 calendar months of
  application
• At least 10 students for knowledge or practical
  test for
• Pilot certificate
• Flight instructor certificate
• Ground instructor certificate
• Additional rating
• At least 80 percent of all test administered were
  passed on the first attempt

4
141.7 Provisional Pilot School

• Brand-new pilot school must start with a
  provisional pilot school certificate

5
141.11 Pilot School Ratings

• Certification and ratings courses
• Recreational pilot course
• Private pilot course
• Commercial pilot course
• Instrument pilot course
• Airline transport pilot course
• Flight instructor course
• Flight instructor instrument course
• Ground instructor course
• Additional aircraft category or class rating
  course
• Aircraft type rating course

6
141.11 Pilot School Ratings

• Special preparation course
• Pilot refresher course
• Flight instructor refresher course
• Ground instructor refresher course
• Agricultural aircraft operations course
• Special operations course
• Test pilot course

7
141.17 Duration of certificate

• Unless surrendered, suspended, or revoked
• Last day of the 24th calendar month from the
  month issued
• Date of any change in the facilities upon which
  certificate is based
• School has failed for more than 60 days to
  maintain facilities, aircraft, or personnel
  required for any approved training courses
• Change of ownership
• Does not terminate if within 30 days after change
• Application is made for amendment
• No change in facilities, personnel, or approved
  training courses

8
141.18 Drugs

• Any operation involving aircraft
• Basis for suspending or revoking certificate

9
141.21 Inspections

• Inspections may occur
• Initial certification
• Certificate renewal
• Transfer of ownership
• Change of main base
• Application for additional rating(s)
• When FSDO deems inspection necessary

10
141.21 Inspections

• FAA Inspections may include
• Practical tests to chief instructor and assistant
  chief instructors
• Inspect record keeping for compliance with FARs
• Aircraft conformity inspection
• Base inspection
• Satellite bases
• Ground trainers, training aids, and other
  equipment

11
141.23 Advertising

• May not make any statement relating to its
  certification and ratings that is false or
  misleading
• May not advertise unless clearly differentiates
  between approved courses and unapproved courses
• Must promptly remove
• From vacated premises, all signs indicating
  school was certified
• All indications (including signs) that school is
  certificated if
• Certificate has expired, been surrendered,
  suspended, or revoked

12
141.25 Business Office

• Facilities and equipment to maintain required
  files and records
• May not be shared with, or used by, another pilot
  school
• Before changing location of business office
• Submit in writing at least 30 days before change
  of location
• Accompanied by amendments for approved training
  outline
• May conduct training operations at other than
  specified location if
• Inspected and approved by FAA
• Training and amendments have been approved

13
141.27 Certificate/Rating Renewal

• Pilot school
• May apply within 30 days preceding month
  certificate expires
• Must meet minimum requirements earlier (slide 3)
• Renewed for additional 24 months
• Does not meet renewal requirements
• May apply for provisional pilot school
  certificate if meet 141.7
• Provisional pilot school
• May not have certificate or ratings renewed
• May apply for pilot school certificate if
  requirements of 141.5 are met
• Former provisional pilot school may reapply after
  180 days since certificate expired

14
Part 141

• Pilot Schools
• Subpart B
• Personnel, Aircraft, and Facilities Requirements

15
141.33 Personnel

• Must have adequate personnel
• Certified flight instructors
• Certified ground instructors
• Chief instructor for each approved course
• Designate chief instructor for each approved
  training course
• May designate assistant chief instructor
• May designate check instructor if student
  enrollment if at least 50 students
• Student stage checks
• End-of-course tests
• Instructor proficiency checks

16
141.35 Chief Instructor

• Commercial pilot certificate or ATP certificate
• Current flight instructor certificate
• Instrument rating, if required for enrollment
• PIC recent experience of 61.57
• Pass knowledge test on
• Teaching methods
• Applicable provisions of Aeronautical
  Information Manual
• Applicable provisions of Parts 61, 91, and 141
• Objectives and approved course completion
  standards of the course

17
141.35 Chief Instructor

• Pass proficiency test on instructional skills and
  ability to train students on
• Flight procedures
• Maneuvers appropriate to course
• Training for recreational/private pilot
• At least 1,000 hours PIC
• Primary flight training experience
• Certified flight instructor, or
• Instructor in a military pilot flight training
  program
• 2 years and a total of 500 flight hours, or
• 1,000 flight hours

18
141.35 Chief Instructor

• Training for issuance of an instrument rating
• At least 100 hours flight time (actual or
  simulated conditions)
• 1,000 hours PIC
• Instrument flight instructor experience
• Certified flight instructor, or
• Instructor in a military pilot flight training
  program
• 2 years and a total of 250 flight hours, or
• 400 flight hours

19
141.35 Chief Instructor

• Training for issuance other than leading to a
  recreational/private pilot certificate
• 2,000 hours PIC
• Flight training experience
• Certified flight instructor, or
• Instructor in a military pilot flight training
  program
• 3 years and a total of 1,000 flight hours, or
• 1,500 flight hours
• Eligibility as chief instructor for ground school
  course
• 1 year experience as ground instructor at
  certificated pilot school

20
141.36 Asst Chief Instructor

• Commercial pilot certificate or ATP certificate
• Current flight instructor certificate
• Instrument rating, if required for enrollment
• PIC recent experience of 61.57
• Pass knowledge test on
• Teaching methods
• Applicable provisions of Aeronautical
  Information Manual
• Applicable provisions of Parts 61, 91, and 141
• Objectives and approved course completion
  standards of the course

21
141.36 Asst Chief Instructor

• Pass proficiency test on
• Flight procedures
• Maneuvers appropriate to course
• Training for recreational/private pilot
• At least 500 hours PIC
• Primary flight training experience
• Certified flight instructor, or
• Instructor in a military pilot flight training
  program
• 1 year and a total of 250 flight hours, or
• 500 flight hours

22
141.36 Asst Chief Instructor

• Training for issuance of an instrument rating
• At least 50 hours flight time (actual or
  simulated conditions)
• 500 hours PIC
• Instrument flight instructor experience
• Certified flight instructor, or
• Instructor in a military pilot flight training
  program
• 1 year and a total of 125 flight hours, or
• 200 flight hours

23
141.36 Asst Chief Instructor

• Training for issuance other than leading to a
  recreational/private pilot certificate
• 1,000 hours PIC
• Flight training experience
• Certified flight instructor, or
• Instructor in a military pilot flight training
  program
• 1 1/2 years and a total of 500 flight hours, or
• 750 flight hours
• Eligibility as asst chief instructor for ground
  school course
• 6 months experience as ground instructor at
  certificated pilot school

24
141.37 Check Instructor

• To give checks for either flight or ground
  training
• Pass test given by chief instructor on
• Teaching methods
• Applicable provisions of Aeronautical
  Information Manual
• Applicable provisions of Parts 61, 91, and 141
• Objectives and approved course completion
  standards of the course
• Checks for either flight training course
• Pass test given by chief instructor on

25
141.37 Check Instructor

• Checks for flight training course
• Hold commercial pilot or ATP certificate
• Meet PIC recent flight experience in 61.57
• Pass proficiency test on
• Flight procedures
• Maneuvers appropriate to course
• Checks for ground training course
• Hold current flight instructor or ground
  instructor certificate

26
141.37 Check Instructor

• Be designated, in writing, by chief instructor
  to conduct
• Student stage checks
• End-of-course test
• Instructor proficiency checks
• Flight procedures
• Maneuvers appropriate to course
• May not check student if
• Served as the principal instructor
• Recommended for a stage check or end-of course
  test

27
141.38 Airports

• Show school has continuous use of each airport
  where training flight originate
• At least one runway which allows takeoff or
  landing (see part 141 page 22)
• Wind direction indicator visible from each end of
  the runway
• Traffic direction indicator if
• No operating tower
• UNICOM advisories not available

28
141.39 Aircraft

• Registered as civil aircraft in U.S.
• Standard airworthiness certificate
• Maintained/inspected with requirements of Part 91
• Must have at least 2 pilot stations
• Engine-powered control easily reached and
  operated by both pilot stations
• Aircraft involving IFR operations must be
  equipped and maintained

29
141.41 Training Devices

• Flight Simulators
• Full-size aircraft replica of specific type
  aircraft
• Hardware/software necessary to represent ground
  and flight operations
• Force cueing system
• Visual system
• Approved by FAA
• Flight training device
• Full-size aircraft replica instruments, equipment
  panels, and controls of aircraft
• Approved by FAA
• Training aids/equipment
• Accurate and appropriate for course

30
141.43 Pilot Briefing Areas

• Adequate to shelter students waiting to engage in
  their training flights
• Arranged/equipped to conduct briefings
• Private landline/telephone communication if
• School has instrument rating or commercial pilot
  course
• Not required if briefing area and flight service
  station are located at the same airport
• Ground training facilities
• Heated, lighted, and ventilated to local codes
• Students not distracted by training conducted in
  other rooms or flight/maintenance operations on
  the airport

31
Part 141

• Pilot Schools
• Subpart C
• Training Course Outline

32
141.53 Approval Procedures

• Submitted to FAA FSDO
• At least 30 days before training
• Amending a course requires 2 copies

33
141.55 Course Contents

• Meet minimums of appropriate appendix
• Meet minimum ground and flight training time
  requirements
• Course request must contain
• Description of each room used for ground training
• Description of special training aids used
• Description of each flight simulator or FTD used
• List of airports used and description of
  facilities
• Type aircraft used
• Minimum qualifications/ratings for each
  instructor assigned

34
141.55 Course Contents

• Training syllabus must contain
• Prerequisites for enrolling in ground and flight
  portion of course
• Detailed description of each lesson (objectives,
  standards, and planned completion time)
• What course is expected to accomplish
• Expected accomplishments/standards for each stage
  of training
• Description of checks and tests to measure
  students accomplishments

35
141.57 Special Curricula

• Must submit
• Original and 2 copies of proposed special
  curriculum
• Cover letter requesting approval at least 60 days
  before training to begin
• FAA approval/denial should be accomplished within
  30 days
• Allows school to develop training course

36
Part 141

• Pilot Schools
• Subpart D
• Examining Authority

37
141.63 Examiners Qualifications

• Following prerequisites
• School completes application
• School holds pilot school certificate and rating
• School must hold rating for at least 24
  consecutive calendar months
• Training course must meet minimum ground and
  flight training time requirements
• Within preceding 24 calendar months, school
• Trained at least 10 students in course
• At least 90 percent of students passed required
  practical or knowledge test and test given by
• FAA inspector, or
• Examiner who is not employee of school

38
141.63 Examiners Qualifications

• To retain approval
• School completes renewal application
• School holds pilot school certificate and rating
• School must hold rating for at least 24 calendar
  months
• Training course must meet minimum ground and
  flight training time requirements

39
141.65 Privileges

• Graduates may be recommended for appropriate
  pilot, flight instructor, or ground instructor
  certificate
• Pilot ground school course valid for 24 months
  from date of graduation
• Student must apply within 90 day after graduation
  for certificate or rating

40
Part 141

• Pilot Schools
• Subpart F
• Records

41
141.101 Training Records

• School must maintain current accurate record of
  each student enrolled in approved course
• Date student enrolled
• Chronological log of
• Attendance
• Subjects
• Flight operations
• Names/grades of tests taken
• Student logbook not suffice for records
• Chief instructor certifies records
• Retain records for at least 1 year