DEMON Sustainable Nitrogen Removal with Deammonification

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DEMONSustainable Nitrogen Removal with
Deammonification
HenkWim de Mooij
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DEMON stable and sustainable N-removal

• Developed at Innsbruck University, Austria
• Full scale experience since 2003 at Strass WWTP
• Nine full scale installations in operation in
  Europe, six under construction (mostly references
  on liquors from municipal sewage sludge)
• Technology under license from University of
  Innsbruck (Dr. Bernhard Wett)

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Side stream treatment implemented
Primary sedimentation
Final clarifier
Activated sludge
effluent
influent
Liquor Treatment
Return Liquors
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Nitrogen Cycle
Reduced Organic N-components
N-Assimilation (plants, micro-organisms
Microbial degradation
N-fixation
N-Assimilation (plants, micro-organisms
Denitrification
NO3-
N2
NH3
NO2-
DEMON
N2O
Nitrification (Nitrobacter)
Nitritation (Nitrosomonas)
SHARON
NO2-
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Traditional biological nitrogen removal
1 mol NO3-
C-source ? sludge
CO2 ? sludge
O2
1 mol NO2-
1 mol NO2-
C-source ? sludge
CO2 ? sludge
O2
1 mol NH4
0.5 mol N2
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DEMON nitrogen removal deammonification
1 mol NO3-
C-source ? sludge
CO2 ? sludge
O2
1 mol NO2-
0,5 mol NO2-
C-source ? sludge
CO2 ? sludge
CO2 ? sludge
0,5 O2
1 mol NH4
0.5 mol N2 0.1 mol NO3
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How does it work?
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DEMON characteristics

• Standard SBR configuration
• Low energy requirement, as only 55 of ammonia is
  oxidised to nitrite
• No requirement for an external source of carbon
  (such as methanol)
• Low sludge production
• Stable process due to pH control, process adjusts
  to changes in flow and load automatically
• No sensitivity to phosphate in sludge liquors, no
  pre-treatment required.

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DEMON Control

• Control aeration
• Sufficient oxygen for nitrification
• Oxygen level limiting for Nitrite oxidizing bact.

• 0.3 mg/l O2

• Control nitrification process
• Produce nitrite for deammonification process
• Avoid inhibition due to excess nitrite

• pH control

• Control sludge age
• Sufficiently long for anammox to grow (gt20 days)
• Too short for NOB to grow

• Cyclone

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pH Control of nitrification
- Oxygen
- pH
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Using pH for nitrite control
- Oxygen
- Nitrite
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Cyclone for sludge age control
Surplus sludge discharge (NOB)
Surplus sludge
Sludge return to reactor (anammox bacteria)
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DEMON references (operational)
Location Year Capacity Liquor source
Heidelberg, D 2008 480 m³/d, 600 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Thun, CH 2008 300 m³/d, 400 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Glanerland, CH 2007 250 m³/d, 250 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Strass, A 2004 250 m³/d, 500 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Plettenberg, D 2007 100 m³/d, 80 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Limmattal, CH 2010 250 m³/d, 250 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Etappi Oy, Fi 2009 330 m³/d, 990 kg/day NH4-N Biogas production
Balingen, D 2009 400 m³/d, 192 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Zalaegerszeg, Hu 2010 160 m³/d, 160 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Gengenbach, D 2008 50 m³/d, 50 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Apeldoorn, NL 2009 1270 m³/d, 1690 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
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DEMON references (under construction)
Location Year Capacity Liquor source
Kecskemet, Tu 1300 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Kokkola, Fi 600 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Lahr, D 235 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Erpfendorf, D 120 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Alltech, D 2400 kg/day NH4-N Biogas/yeast
Rickenbach, D 50 kg/day NH4-N Dairy
Nieuwegein, NL 450 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
Amersfoort, NL 600 kg/day NH4-N Mesophilic digested sludge
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Apeldoorn Sludge Treatment
DEMON LTP
Digesters
CHP
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DEMON Nieuwegein
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Design Basis DEMON Nieuwegein
Parameter Unit Average Max Peak
Flow m3/d 258 420 480
NH4-N mg/l 1.059 1.012 1.012
  kg/d 273 425 486
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Batch proces DEMON
No. of cycles per day 4
Cycle volume 120 m³/cycle (peak)
Cycle time 6 h
Fill Aerate phase 4,5 h
Settlement phase 0,75 h
Discharge phase 0,75 h
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DEMON reactorProcess Flow Diagram
DEMON Reactor
Cyclone
Surplussludge
DEMON effluent
Filtrate Buffer Tank
Filtrate Break Tank
?G.A. Drawing
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DEMON reactor Nieuwegein WWtP
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Buffer tank in reactor
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Aerated / Anoxic zone in reactor
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DEMON Cyclone
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Comparison DEMON / SHARON
Aspect DEMON SHARON Note
Temperature 30 oC 35 oC Denitrification produces heat
Design basis Sludge loading, age HRT 2,25 days Effect of BOD and TSS on reactor size DEMON
Activated Sludge SRT gtgt HRT SRT HRT Simple process
MLSS control Yes No Sensitivity to TSS and BOD
NH4 removal 85-90 95-98
pH control (NaOH) MeOH (NaOH) MeOH EUR 0,35 per kg NH4 removed
Influent BOD/TSS Critical Beneficial
Critical parameters O2, sludge age, TSS, BOD HRTox
Operator attention Process eng. Passive
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Thank you for your attention

• ANY QUESTIONS?
• HenkWim.demooij_at_grontmij.nl
• Bert.Geraats_at_grontmij.nl

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