Ecological Footprints

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Dr. Sun Olapiriyakul ??. ????? ????????????
Exergyfootprint_at_yahoo.com sun_ola_at_hotmail.com
Lecture 8 Ecological Footprints
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Ecological Footprint Wackernagle
http//footprintnetwork.org
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Carbon Footprint vs Ecological Footprint
???????????????????? Carbon ??????????????????????
???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????
?????????????????? ????????????????????????????
????? ?????????????? ??????????
??????????????????????????????????????????
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What is ecological footprint?
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What is ecological footprint?
The Ecological Footprint has emerged as the
worlds premier measure of humanitys demand on
nature. It measures how much land and water area
a human population requires to produce the
resource it consumes and to absorb its wastes,
using prevailing technology. http//www.footprin
tnetwork.org (???????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????????)
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How much do we have?
Bioproductive segments
67 Low-Productivity Ocean
22
4 Biologically Productive Ocean
11 Deserts, Ice Caps and Barren Land
18 Biologically Productive Land
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1 Hectare
1 hectare 6.1 ???
??????????????????? ecological footprint
???????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????? (gha per capita)
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????
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How much do we have?
Global average availability of bioproductive Land
Sea 1.9 global hectares/person
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How much do we have?
Fossil Fuel Built-up Waste Food
Fibres
absorption
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Land Types

• Ecological footprint analysis ????????????????????
  ?????????
• ??????????????????
• ??????? 7 ????????????????????
• Arable land ??????????????? ????????????????
• Pasture land ???????????????
• Forested land ????????????????????????????????
• Sea ????????????
• Built land (Degraded land) ??????????????????????
  ???????????
• Energy land ???????????????????????? Forested
  land ?????????????? CO2 ????????
• Biodiversity land ???????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????????????????????????

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Examples of Lands Used
?????????????????????????
Bioproductive Arable Land ?????????????
Bioproductive Sea ???????????
Energy Land ????????????????????????????? ????????
??????????????????????????????????
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Examples of Lands Used
????????
Built Land ????????????????? ????????????????????
?????????????????????
Energy Land ??????????????????????????????????????
?????????? ???????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????
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Carrying Capacity Calculation Steps
Carrying capacity S ((land area (x) yield (x)
) equivalence factor (x) )

• ?????????????????????????????????????
• ???????? Yield Factors ?????????????????? (Yield
  Factors ??????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????????????????????????
  (???????????????))
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  Global Hectare ?????????? equivalent factor ????
  ??? equivalent factor ??? Arable Land
  ???????????? 2.11 ????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????? Arable Land ???????????????????????
  ??????????????????? 2.11 ???? (Equivalent Factor
  ??? Pasture Land ???????????? 0.5 ??? ??? Forest
  Land ???????????? 0.75 ????????)

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Ecological Footprint Calculation Steps
Ecological Footprint S ((production(x)
imports(x) exports(x) stocks(x) landfilled
waste(x) recycled waste (x)) conversion
factor(x) )
Economy-wide materials flows
Source Resource Use and Efficiency of the UK
Economy, Wuppertal Institute, 2002
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Global Ecological Footprint and Biocapacity
through Time
????? Biocapacity ???????? ???????????????????????
????????
  1961 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2006
Global Population (billion) 3.1 3.3 3.7 4.1 4.4 4.8 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.5 6.6
Total Ecological Footprint 7.1 8.1 9.6 10.6 11.7 11.9 13.3 13.8 15.1 16.8 17.1
Cropland Footprint 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7
Grazing Land Footprint 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4
Forest Footprint 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.8 1.9 1.8
Fishing Ground Footprint 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Carbon Footprint 0.9 1.7 2.9 3.8 4.7 4.9 5.9 6.4 7.3 8.7 9.1
Built-up Land 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4
Total Biocapacity 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.6 11.7 11.7 11.9 12.0 12.0 11.9 11.9
Ecological Footprint to Biocapacity ratio 0.62 0.70 0.83 0.92 1.00 1.01 1.12 1.15 1.27 1.41 1.44
(in billion global hectares)
Source www.footprintnetwork.org/atlas
2009 Edition. Totals may not add up due to
rounding.
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Ecological Footprint Global Conditions 2005
???????????? Ecological Footprint ??? biocapacity
ratio ??????????? 0.54 ???? 1961 ?????? 1.31 ????
2005 ??????????????????????????? ??????
??????????????? 1.31 ?????????????????????????????
?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
??????????? ?????????????????????? 1 ???????? 4
????????????????????????????????? 1 ??
Carbon uptake land represents the amount of
forest land needed to uptake anthropogenic carbon
emissions. It is the biocapacity that
accommodates the Carbon Footprint.
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Overshooting
Today humanity uses the equivalent of 1.4
planets to provide the resources we use and
absorb our waste. This means it now takes the
Earth one year and five months to regenerate what
we use in a year. Moderate UN scenarios suggest
that if current population and consumption trends
continue, by the middle of the century if not
before, we will need the equivalent of two Earths
to support us. And of course, we only have
one. http//www.footprintnetwork.org
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Ecological Footprint of Various Countries (per
capita in 1999)
China
Cambodia
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Ecological Footprint of Various Countries (per
capita in 2006)
Footprint data for 8 countries
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Ecological Footprint Global Conditions 1961
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Ecological Footprint Global Conditions 2005
???? 2006 81 ????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????
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Ecological Footprint Calculator myfootprint.org
Heres RJCs Ecological FootprintSomewhat lower
than US average, but still way too high. Whats
your footprint?
http//www.myfootprint.org/
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Strengths of Ecological Footprint

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????????????????????????????

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Weaknessess of Ecological Footprint

• ???????????????????????????????????(environment)??
  ?????? (????????????social and economic)
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????????????????????????????
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  ??????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????????????????????? ????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????? CO2 ?????????????? ???? ecological
  footprint ??????????? CO2 ????????????????????????
  ???????????? ?????????????????????? CO2
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????????? CO2 ???????????????
• ??? ecological footprint ?????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????

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?????????????????????? Presentation ??? Project

• ????????? (??????)
• ???????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????
• ?????????????? Process diagram ???????????????????
  ??????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????
• ????????????? LCA software ????????????????????
• ??????????????????????? LCA software (????? LCI
  ??? LCIA)
• ??????????????????????????????

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??????????? Project

• ???????? 20 ?????
• ??????????????????????? 15 ?????
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• ????????? 5 ?????
• ????????? Slide (Powerpoint)
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