Temple of Vestal Virgins, Rome

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• Temple of Vestal Virgins, Rome
• Corinthia (Purdue Univ., HI101)
• (also Temple of Vestal Virgins and Pantheon in
  Rome, Temple of Baal in Palmyra)

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• Temple of Saturn, Rome
• Menatius Minor (Lacus Curtius database)

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• Forum
• Romanum (Scribner Library database)

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• Roman Forum (panorama)

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• Ara Pacis Altar of Peace in Rome
• Malus (Purdue Univ., HI101)
• (also Temple of Vestal Virgins and Pantheon in
  Rome, Temple of Baal in Palmyra)

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• Ara Pacis exterior
• Thrax (Maecenas Ara Pacis Maecenas Images of
  Greece Rome from Electronic Resources for
  Classicists)

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• Roman Temples (Pantheon interior)
• Scintilla (2020site.org)

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• Pantheon(Southern Arkansas Univ. course)

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• Temple of Jupiter, Pompeii
• Isis (Bates College Prof. Imbers webpages)

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• Temple of Jupiter, Pompeii (reconstruction)
• Homerus (Beloit College, course on Pompeii)

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• Pompeii Forum
• (Scribner Library database)

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• Temple of Jupiter, Minerva, Juno in Ostia (image
  1 2)
• Leucothea (VRoma database)

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• Temple, Ostia (reconstruction)
• Soprintendenza Archeologica di Ostia Antica

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• Temple of Bacchus
• Artemidorus (Leading Arab-American Website)

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• Diana / Artemis of Ephesus
• Cephisia (UMass student paper)

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• Mithras initiation/mystery cults
• Oleosa (Museum of Antiquities, Univ. of Newcastle)

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• Mithras initiation/mystery cults
• Sequana (Perseus database)

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Roman Religion

• Mythology adopted from Greece
• State religion to preserve the res publica
• Originally agricultural, with gods responsible
  for all natural phenomena
• Formalistic rituals with sacrifices
• Part of daily life worship in home
• Closely connected to politics and society forum
  sacred, political, mercantile

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Roman Religion

• Not static, absorbing gods from Etruscans, Greeks
  (anthropomorphic deities)
• Fall of res publica 1st c. BCE due to neglect of
  the gods
• Augustus revival massive construction, revival
  of rituals and cults
• Expansion of empire ? increasing contact with
  other cultures and religious syncretism
• Foreign gods recognized as Roman ones

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Roman Religion

• Could slaves worship? Benevolent Society of Diana
  and Antinous, Lanuvium, 136 CE
• Meet once/month, special feasts, rituals
• Social club offering companionship and assurance
  of decent burial
• if a slave member of this society dies a
  token funeral ceremony will be held
• Were there limitations? Inscription from altar in
  Lanuvium
• MAVORTIO SACR?. HOC SIGNUM A SERVO TANGI NEFAS
  EST.
• Sacred(?) to Mars. It is unlawful for this image
  to be touched by a slave.