Minority Achievement and Achievement Gap End-Of-Grade

1
Minority Achievement and Achievement
GapEnd-Of-Grade End-Of-Course Tests
Results1992-93 to 1999-2000 Gongshu Zhang
Evaluation Section Accountability Division
NCDPI
2
Part IStudent AchievementProgress on
End-Of-Grade (EOG)and End-Of-Course (EOC)
TestsNote that data collection for some tests
and/or groups of students started after 1992-93
3
Finding 1All minority and white student groups
have made progress since 1993 in terms of
percentage of students at/above grade level as
well as mean scale scorein EOG Reading and Math
especially after implementation of the ABCs in
1996-97.
4
Trend of Student Achievement Grades 3 - 8 EOG
Reading Percent of Students at/above Grade
Level by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
5
Trend of Student Achievement Grades 3 to 8 EOG
Math Percent of Students at/above Grade Level
by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
6
Trend of Student Achievement Grades 3 to 8 EOG
Reading Mean Scale Score in by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
7
Trend of Student Achievement Grades 3 to 8 -
1993 to 2000Mean Scale Score in EOG Math by
Ethnicity State of North Carolina
Before ABCs After ABCs
8
Finding 2 Most of the minority groups and the
white group have made progress since 1995 in
terms of percentage of students at/above grade
level as well as mean scale score in EOC
English I and Algebra I , especially after
implementation of the High School ABCs in
1998-99.
9
1995-2000 Trend of Student Achievement on English
I EOC Percent of Students at/above Grade Level
by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
10
1995-2000 Trend of Student Achievement on Algebra
I EOC Percent of Students at/above Grade Level
by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
11
1995-2000 Trend of Student Achievement on Biology
EOC Percent of Students at/above Grade Level by
Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
12
1995-2000 Trend of Student Achievement on US
History EOC Percent of Students at/above Grade
Level by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
13
1997-2000 Trend of Student Achievement on ELP
EOC Percent of Students at/above Grade Level by
Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
14
1995-2000 Trend of Student Achievement on English
I EOC Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
15
1995-2000 Trend of Student Achievement on Algebra
I EOC Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
16
1995-2000 Trend of Student Achievement on Biology
EOC Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
17
1995-2000 Trend of Student Achievement on US
History EOC Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
18
1997-2000 Trend of Student Achievement on ELP
EOC Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
Before ABCs After ABCs
19
Part IIStudent Achievement GapsWhere Are the
Gaps?How Big Are the Gaps?
20
Finding 3Gaps exist between most of the
minority groups and the white group on
percentage of students at/above grade level,
mean scale score, percentage of students at
Achievement Level IV, andmean scale score for
the academically gifted students in EOG Reading
and Math
21
Student Achievement Gap Trends for Grades 3 - 8
EOG Reading Percent of Students at/above Grade
Level by Ethnicity
22
Student Achievement Gap Trends for Grades 3 - 8
EOG Math Percent of Students at/above Grade
Level by Ethnicity
23
Student Achievement Gaps for EOG Reading 2000
Percent of Students at the Four Achievement
Levels by Ethnicity
24
Student Achievement Gaps for EOG Math 2000
Percent of Students at the Four Achievement
Levels by Ethnicity
25
Student Achievement Gap Trends for Grades 3 - 8
EOG Reading Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
26
Student Achievement Gap Trends for Grades 3 - 8
EOG Math Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
27
Student Achievement Gap Trend for Academically
Gifted Students Grades 3 - 8 EOG Reading Mean
Scale Score by Ethnicity
28
Student Achievement Gap Trend for Academically
Gifted Students Grades 3 - 8 EOG Math Mean
Scale Score by Ethnicity
29
Finding 4 Gaps exist between the males and
females within same ethnicityin percentage of
students at/above grade level on EOG Reading
and Math.
30
Student Achievement Gap Gender Trends Grades 3 -
8 EOG Reading Percent of Students at/above
Grade Level by Ethnicity
31
Student Achievement Gap Gender Trends Grades 3 -
8 EOG Reading Percent of Students at/above
Grade Level by Ethnicity
32
Finding 5 Gaps exist between Non-Free/Reduced
Lunch and Free/Reduced Lunch Students within the
same ethnicityin percentage of students at/above
grade level on EOG Reading and Math.
33
Student Achievement Gaps for Non-FRL and FRL
Student Grades 3 - 8 EOG Reading Percent of
Students at/above Grade Level by Ethnicity
34
Student Achievement Gaps for Non-FRL and FRL
Student Grades 3 - 8 EOG Math Percent of
Students at/above Grade Level by Ethnicity
35
Finding 6 Gaps exist between most of the
minority student groups and white students in
percentage of students at/above grade level, and
in percentage of students at Achievement Level
IV on Five Core Subject EOC Tests
36
Student Achievement Gap Trends for English I EOC
Percent of Students at/above Grade Level
Ethnicity
37
Student Achievement Gap Trends for Algebra I EOC
Percent of Students at/above Grade Level
Ethnicity
38
Student Achievement Gap Trends for Biology EOC
Percent of Students at/above Grade Level
Ethnicity
39
Student Achievement Gap Trends for US History EOC
Percent of Students at/above Grade Level
Ethnicity
40
Student Achievement Gap Trends for ELP EOC
Percent of Students at/above Grade Level
Ethnicity
41
Percent of Students at the Four Achievement
Levels on the 2000 English I EOC
42
Percent of Students at the Four Achievement
Levels on the 2000 Algebra I EOC
43
Percent of Students at the Four Achievement
Levels on the 2000 Biology EOC
44
Percent of Students at the Four Achievement
Levels on the 2000 US History EOC
45
Percent of Students at the Four Achievement
Levels on the 2000 ELP EOC
46
Finding 7 Gaps exist between the mean scale
scores of Level IV students in all ethnic
groupsand the top margin of the Level IV score
range on EOGs EOCs. Grade 3 only is shown
as an example for EOG Tests.
47
Student Achievement Gap Trends among Level IV
Students and between Level IV scores and top of
Level IV RangeEOG Reading, Grade 3 Mean Scale
Score by Ethnicity
Asian White NC Hispanic Am. Indian Black
Level IV
Level III
960
48
Student Achievement Gap Trends among Level IV
Students and between Level IV scores and top of
Level IV RangeEOG Math, Grade 3 Mean Scale
Score by Ethnicity
Asian White NC Hispanic Am. Indian Black
Level VI
Level III
49
Student Achievement Gap Trends among Level IV
Studentsand between Level IV scores and top of
Level IV RangeEnglish I EOC Mean Scale Score by
Ethnicity
Level IV
Asian White NC Hispanic Am. Indian Black
50
Student Achievement Gap Trends among Level IV
Studentsand between Level IV scores and top of
Level IV RangeAlgebra I EOC Mean Scale Score by
Ethnicity
Level IV
Asian White NC Am. Indian Hispanic Black
51
Student Achievement Gap Trends among Level IV
Studentsand between Level IV scores and top of
Level IV RangeBiology EOC Mean Scale Score by
Ethnicity
Level IV
Asian White NC Hispanic Am. Indian Black
52
Student Achievement Gap Trends among Level IV
Studentsand between Level IV scores and top of
Level IV RangeUS History EOC Mean Scale Score
by Ethnicity
Level IV
Asian White NC Hispanic Am. Indian Black
53
Student Achievement Gap Trends among Level IV
Studentsand between Level IV scores and top of
Level IV RangeELP EOC Mean Scale Score by
Ethnicity
Level IV
Asian White NC Hispanic Am. Indian Black
54
Part IIIReduction of Student Achievement
GapsHow Fast Have the Gaps Decreased?
55
Finding 8 The gaps between most of the
minority and the white student groupshave
decreased in EOG Reading and Math in percentage
of students at/above grade levelsince 1993,
especially after implementation of the ABCs.
56
Achievement Gaps Trends between Black White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Reading Percent of
Students At/Above Grade Level
57
Achievement Gaps Trends between Black White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Math Percent of
Students At/Above Grade Level
58
Achievement Gaps Trends between Hispanic White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Reading Percent of
Students At/Above Grade Level
59
Achievement Gaps Trends between Hispanic White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Math Percent of
Students At/Above Grade Level
60
Achievement Gaps Trends between Am. Indian
White Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Reading Percent
of Students At/Above Grade Level
61
Achievement Gaps Trends between Am. Indian
White Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Math Percent of
Students At/Above Grade Level
62
Achievement Gaps Trends between Asian White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Reading Percent of
Students At/Above Grade Level
63
Achievement Gaps Trends between Asian White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Math Percent of
Students At/Above Grade Level
64
Finding 9 The gaps in mean scale score between
most of the minority and the white student
groups have increased somewhat in EOG Reading
and Math from 1993 to 1996 but generally have
held steady after implementation of the ABCs
from 1997 to 2000.
65
Achievement Gaps Trends between Black White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Reading Mean Scale
Scores
66
Achievement Gaps Trends between Black White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Math Mean Scale Scores
67
Achievement Gaps Trends between Hispanic White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Reading Mean Scale
Scores
68
Achievement Gaps Trends between Hispanic White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Math Mean Scale Scores
69
Achievement Gaps Trends between Am. Indian
White Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Reading Mean
Scale Scores
70
Achievement Gaps Trends between Am. Indian
White Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Math Mean Scale
Scores
71
Achievement Gaps Trends between Asian White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Reading Mean Scale
Scores
72
Achievement Gaps Trends between Asian White
Students Grades 3- 8 EOG Math Mean Scale Scores
73
Finding 10 The gaps between most minority
students and white students have been reduced in
percentage of students at/above grade level for
E1 and in mean scale score for E1, BI, USH
but increased in percentage of students
at/above grade level for BI USH and in mean
scale score for A1 since 1995.
74
Achievement Gaps between Black White 1995 to
2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level on
English I EOC
75
Achievement Gaps between Black White 1995 to
2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level on
Algebra I EOC
76
Achievement Gaps between Black White 1995 to
2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level on
Biology EOC
77
Achievement Gaps between Black White 1995 to
2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level on
US History EOC
78
Achievement Gaps between Black White 1995 to
2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level on
ELP EOC
79
Achievement Gaps between Hispanic White 1995
to 2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level
on English I EOC
80
Achievement Gaps between Hispanic White 1995
to 2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level
on Algebra I EOC
81
Achievement Gaps between Hispanic White 1995
to 2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level
on Biology EOC
82
Achievement Gaps between Hispanic White 1995
to 2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level
on US History EOC
83
Achievement Gaps between Hispanic White 1995
to 2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level
on ELP EOC
84
Achievement Gaps between Am. Indian White
1995 to 2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade
Level on English I EOC
85
Achievement Gaps between Am. Indian White
1995 to 2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade
Level on Algebra I EOC
86
Achievement Gaps between Am. Indian White
1995 to 2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade
Level on Biology EOC
87
Achievement Gaps between Am. Indian White
1995 to 2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade
Level on US History EOC
88
Achievement Gaps between Am. Indian White
1995 to 2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade
Level on ELP EOC
89
Achievement Gaps between Asian White 1995 to
2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level on
English I EOC
90
Achievement Gaps between Asian White 1995 to
2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level on
Algebra I EOC
91
Achievement Gaps between Asian White 1995 to
2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level on
Biology EOC
92
Achievement Gaps between Asian White 1995 to
2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level on
US History EOC
93
Achievement Gaps between Asian White 1995 to
2000 Percent of Students At/Above Grade Level on
ELP EOC
94
Achievement Gaps between Black White 1995 to
2000 Mean Scale Score on English I EOC
95
Achievement Gaps between Black White 1995 to
2000 Mean Scale Score on Algebra I EOC
96
Achievement Gaps between Black White 1995 to
2000 Mean Scale Score on Biology EOC
97
Achievement Gaps between Black White 1995 to
2000 Mean Scale Score on US History EOC
98
Achievement Gaps between Black White 1995 to
2000 Mean Scale Score on ELP EOC
99
Achievement Gaps between Hispanic White 1995
to 2000 Mean Scale Score on English I EOC
100
Achievement Gaps between Hispanic White 1995
to 2000 Mean Scale Score on Algebra I EOC
101
Achievement Gaps between Hispanic White 1995
to 2000 Mean Scale Score on Biology EOC
102
Achievement Gaps between Hispanic White 1995
to 2000 Mean Scale Score on US History EOC
103
Achievement Gaps between Hispanic White 1995
to 2000 Mean Scale Score on ELP EOC
104
Achievement Gaps between Am. Indian White
1995 to 2000 Mean Scale Score on English I EOC
105
Achievement Gaps between Am. Indian White
1995 to 2000 Mean Scale Score on Algebra I EOC
106
Achievement Gaps between Am. Indian White
1995 to 2000 Mean Scale Score on Biology EOC
107
Achievement Gaps between Am. Indian White
1995 to 2000 Mean Scale Score on US History EOC
108
Achievement Gaps between Am. Indian White
1995 to 2000 Mean Scale Score on ELP EOC
109
Achievement Gaps between Asian White 1995 to
2000 Mean Scale Score on English I EOC
110
Achievement Gaps between Asian White 1995 to
2000 Mean Scale Score on Algebra I EOC
111
Achievement Gaps between Asian White 1995 to
2000 Mean Scale Score on Biology EOC
112
Achievement Gaps between Asian White 1995 to
2000 Mean Scale Score on US History EOC
113
Achievement Gaps between Asian White 1995 to
2000 Mean Scale Score on ELP EOC
114
Finding 11 For three matched student cohorts
Grade 3 in 1997 to Grade 6 in 2000Grade 4 in
1997 to Grade 7 in 2000Grade 5 in 1997 to Grade
8 in 2000, the gaps in mean scale score between
most of the minority groups and white students
have increased in EOG Reading and Matheach year
from 1997 to 2000.
115
Student Achievement Gap Trends in Reading for a
Level IV Matched Student Cohort Grade 3 in 97
to Grade 6 in 2000Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
G6
G5
G4
G3
Level IV
Asian White NC Hispanic Am. Indian Black
Level IV
G6
G5
G4
G3
116
Student Achievement Gap Trends in Math for a
Level IV Matched Student Cohort Grade 3 in 97
to Grade 6 in 2000Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
G6
G5
Level IV
G4
Asian White NC Hispanic Am. Indian Black
G3
G6
Level IV
G5
G4
G3
117
Student Achievement Gap Trends in Reading for a
Level III Matched Student Cohort Grade 3 in
97 to Grade 6 in 2000Mean Scale Score by
Ethnicity
G6
Asian White Hispanic NC Am. Indian Black
G5
Level III
G4
G6
G3
G5
Level III
G4
G3
118
Student Achievement Gap Trends in Math for a
Level III Matched Student Cohort Grade 3 in
97 to Grade 6 in 2000Mean Scale Score by
Ethnicity
Asian White Hispanic NC Am. Indian Black
G6
G5
Level III
G4
G6
G5
G3
Level III
G4
G3
119
Student Achievement Gap Trends in Reading for a
Level II Matched Student Cohort Grade 3 in 97
to Grade 6 in 2000Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
Asian White Hispanic NC Am. Indian Black
G6
G5
Level II
G4
G6
G3
G5
Level II
G4
G3
120
Student Achievement Gap Trends in Math for a
Level II Matched Student Cohort Grade 3 in 97
to Grade 6 in 2000Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
Asian White Hispanic NC Am. Indian Black
G7
Level II
G6
G7
G5
G6
G4
G5
Level II
G4
121
Student Achievement Gap Trends in Reading for a
Level I Matched Student Cohort Grade 3 in 97
to Grade 6 in 2000Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
White Asian Hispanic NC Am. Indian Black
G6
G5
G4
Level I
G3
G6
G5
Level I
G4
G3
122
Student Achievement Gap Trends in Math for a
Level I Matched Student Cohort Grade 3 in 97
to Grade 6 in 2000Mean Scale Score by Ethnicity
Asian White Hispanic NC Am. Indian Black
G7
G6
Level I
G5
G7
G4
G6
Level I
G5
G4
123
Finding 12 For three cohorts of matched
academically gifted students, there were
constant gaps in terms of mean scale scores on
EOG Reading and increasing gaps on EOG Math
between most of the minority student groups and
white students from 1997 to 2000.
124
Achievement of AG Student Cohort on EOG Reading
Grade 3 in 1997 to Grade 6 in 2000Mean Scale
Score by Ethnicity
G6
G5
G4
Level IV
G3
White Asian NC Hispanic Am. Indian Black
Level IV
G6
G5
G4
G3
125
Achievement of AG Student Cohort on EOG Math
Grade 3 in 1997 to Grade 6 in 2000Mean Scale
Score by Ethnicity
G6
Level IV
G5
Asian White NC Hispanic Am. Indian Black
G4
G3
G6
Level IV
G5
G4
G3
126
Part IVConclusions and Suggestions
127
Conclusions

• All ethnic groups have made progress in terms of
  percentage of students at/above grade level as
  well as mean scale score since 1993.
• For EOGs, the gaps between most of the minority
  student groups and white students have been
  reduced in percentage of students at/above grade
  level but increased in mean scale score since
  1993.
• For EOCs, the gaps have been reduced in
  percentage of students at/above grade level for
  E1 and in mean scale score for E1, BI, USH, but
  increased in percentage of students at/above
  grade level for BI USH and in mean scale score
  for A1 since 1995.
• The gaps in mean scale score between most of the
  minority groups and the white students were
  bigger at levels III IV than at levels I II.
  Also, there were big gaps among mean scale scores
  for all Level IV student groups and the top
  margin of the Level IV score range for all
  courses in EOG from 1993 to 2000 and in EOC from
  1995 to 2000.

128
Conclusions (Continue)

• For matched student cohorts, the gaps in mean
  scale score between most of the minority student
  groups and white students have increased for EOG
  Reading and Math since 1997.
• For matched AG student cohorts, there were gaps
  in mean scale score among most of the minority
  student groups and white students in EOG Reading
  and Math from 1997 to 2000.
• The maximum gaps for the 2000 EOG, in terms of
  percentage of students at/above grade level,
  among the subgroups of students are
• about 25 by ethnic group (e.g., 85-60),
• about 35 by ethnic group by gender (e.g.,
  87-52),
• about 36 by ethnic group by poverty level (e.g.,
  89-53).
• Most of the gaps on EOGs and EOCs, in terms of
  percentage of students at/above grade level, have
  decreased since 1993 and 1995 respectively,
  especially after the implementation of the ABCs.
  However, the rate of reduction is slow.

129
Attending to All Students

• We should pay attention to the percentage of
  minority
• students, as well as economically educationally
  disadvantaged
• students, at/above grade level. At the same time
  we should attend to the mean scale scores of
  those students.
• We should continue to work hard to help low
  achievement students move above grade level. At
  the same time we should work very hard to help
  minority students, as well as economically
• educationally disadvantaged students at all four
  achievement levels
• to achieve higher scale scores.
• Also, we should work very hard to help high
  Achievement
• students including the academically gifted
  students in all ethnic groups
• to achieve continuous progress and to move to the
  top margin of the
• score range of Level IV.