Comprehensive Rural Development Programme

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Comprehensive Rural Development Programme
Mr. C HEIMANN Chief Director Dept. of Rural
Development and Land Reform ISAD
MULTI-STAKEHOLDER FORUM 25 February 2010
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Presentation outline

• Definition of Rural
• Understanding rural areas
• Challenges facing rural areas
• The Comprehensive Rural Development Programme
• ICT in Rural Communities
• The way forward
• Conclusion

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Defining Rural
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DEFINITION OF RURAL AREAS

• The Rural Development Framework, adopted by the
  Government in 1997, defined rural areas as
• Sparsely populated areas in which people farm or
  depend on natural resources, including villages
  and small towns that are dispersed throughout
  these areas.
• They include large settlements in the former
  homelands, created by apartheid removals, which
  depend on migratory labour and remittances for
  their survival.
• Rurality refers to a way of life, a state of
  mind and a culture which revolves around land,
  livestock, cropping and community.

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Understanding Rural Areas
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Where are people currently staying?
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Where will population growth take place?
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Where are the poor located?
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Where are areas of better agric potential?
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Where do people threaten natural resources?
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Where do we expect water deficits in the future?
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How will climate change affect our richness
of species?
 
2002
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Where are we innovating and experimenting?
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Challenges facing Rural Areas
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CHALLENGES FACING RURAL AREAS

• Lessons from the ISRDP programme and CRDP sites
  indicate that the challenges of rural areas
  include the following
• Under utilisation and/or unsustainable use of
  natural resources
• poor or lack of access to socio-economic
  infrastructure and services, public amenities and
  government services (e.g. industrial parks lying
  idle especially in the former homeland areas)
• lack of access to water or lack of water sources
  for both household and agricultural development
• low literacy, skills levels and migratory labour
  practices

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CHALLENGES FACING RURAL AREAS (cont)

• decay of the social fabric (child headed
  households, crime, family disputes and lack of
  Ubuntu)
• death of cultural progress
• unresolved restitution and land tenure issues
• townships not formally established thus
  hindering service provision and development
• dependence on social grants and other forms of
  social security
• unexploited opportunities in agriculture,
  tourism, mining and manufacturing

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GINI COEFFICIENTS FOR PER CAPITA INCOME BY RACE
AND GEOTYPE (Source OECD)
1993 2000 2008
African 0.54 0.6 0.62
Coloured 0.44 0.53 0.54
Asian/Indian 0.47 0.51 0.61
White 0.43 0.47 0.5
Rural 0.58 0.62 0.56
Urban 0.61 0.64 0.67
Overall 0.66 0.68 0,70
The Gini coefficient ranges from 0-1 The Gini coefficient ranges from 0-1 The Gini coefficient ranges from 0-1
Zero represents complete equality while 1 corresponds to complete inequality Zero represents complete equality while 1 corresponds to complete inequality Zero represents complete equality while 1 corresponds to complete inequality Zero represents complete equality while 1 corresponds to complete inequality
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What do rural (ISRDP nodes) people own? Access to
assets
Urban residents have far higher employment and
service access ISRDP (rural) residents are more
likely to own agricultural assets, important for
sustainable livelihoods. But note also that
expensive items such as cars are equally likely
to be rural or urban-owned
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Assets II access to
Also important for sustainable livelihoods are
the items listed above - including information
(about local grants, projects, etc.) and
resources such as land, fishing, hunting and so
on. These contextualise asset and service poverty.
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Where do rural (ISRDP Nodes) people find
financial services?
ISRDP 06 ISRDP 08 URP 06 URP 08
Insurance policy 24 28 33 33
Bank account/ ATM card/ credit card 31 38 46 51
Account at store 8 12 27 26
There seems to be slow but steady growth in
access to financial services among respondents
less positively, credit extension is also
increasing among this vulnerable population.
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What do rural (ISRDP nodes) people have
difficulty paying for?
In most instances people found it more difficult
in 2008 than in 2006 to pay for the goods
services above - ranging from food to saving to
school books. These include government services
including health care, education, etc.
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What Community Organisations do rural people
belong?
Membership levels have not changed, reinforcing
the fact that faith-based organisations and
burial societies remain critical partners in
outreach in these poor nodal areas
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Poverty levels 1996-2006
Reducing poverty is slow but steady, although
urban poverty seems to be leveling off and
renewed vigor and new strategies may be required.
Using these 10 variables to measure poverty, it
has dropped by almost 10 in 12 years.
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THE COMPREHENSIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
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STRATEGIC PLANNING FRAMEWORK
Vision Vibrant, Sustainable and Equitable Rural
Communities Strategy Agrarian transformation,
meaning the rapid and fundamental change in the
relations (Systems and patterns of ownership and
control)of land, livestock, cropping and
community Strategic Objective Social Cohesion
and Development
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INTRODUCTION

• The Department of Rural Development and Land
  Reform (DRDLR) has developed the Comprehensive
  Rural Development Programme.
• The CRDP requires active participation by all
  stakeholders
• Rural people must take the centre stage in the
  improvement of their own quality of life.
• In the current financial year the DRDLR
  identified and commenced with planning in 9 pilot
  sites, spanning 21 wards.
• The pilot sites have been testing grounds for the
  CRDP models that is constantly being fine tuned
  and improved on.
• A further 160 CRDP sites will be identified and
  targeted over the next 5 year period.

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Proposed Number of Households to be supported by
the CRDP by 2014
FINANCIAL YEAR Number of Rural Wards per annum Estimated number of Households per rural ward reached (as reflected in the State of Local Government Report ,2009) Estimated number of Rural Households Supported
2009/10 21 2 700 56 700
2010/11 25 2 700 67 500
2011/12 32 2 700 86 400
2012/13 37 2 700 99 900
2013/14 45 2 700 121 500
TOTAL 160 13 500 432 000
Impact of the CRDP by 2014 (number of people)
YEAR Average Household Size in Rural Areas (Statsa, 2001 CS, 2007) Number of Households Supported Number of people affected by the CRD Programme
2014  4.5 432 000 1 944 000
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DRDLR ROLE IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT

• The Department of Rural Development and Land
  Reform act as an initiator, facilitator and
  coordinator and catalyst in rural development
  interventions
• Facilitator The Department will play an active
  role in the facilitation of communities and will
  also facilitate interventions in areas where the
  Department has no expertise/funding but has
  identified other sector departments/stakeholders
  to contribute to the CRDP vision for that
  area/province.
• Coordinator The department will coordinate
  strategies, policies and mobilise resources from
  stakeholders to contribute to the objectives of
  the rural development programme.
• Initiator The Department will initiate
  interventions/strategies in rural areas as part
  of an integrated approach.
• Catalyst The Department will play a change agent
  role and assist in the complete transformation of
  the rural space in terms of policies, programmes
  and projects for the ultimate aim of achieving
  vibrant and sustainable rural communities.

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DISCUSSION

• The CRDP hinges on a three-pronged strategy
• coordinated and integrated broad-based agrarian
  transformation
• an improved land reform programme,
• and through strategic investments in economic and
  social infrastructure

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AGRARIAN TRANSFORMATION

• Agrarian transformation is seen as the rapid
  fundamental change in the relations of land,
  livestock, cropping and community.
• The change of attitude by development workers and
  the rural people themselves is critical in
  defining these relations.

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AGRARIAN TRANSFORMATION cont.

• Some of the objectives of the agrarian
  transformation strategy include but not limited
  to
• Facilitating the establishment of business
  initiatives, rural and agro-industries,
  cooperatives, cultural initiatives and vibrant
  local markets
• Empowerment of rural communities to be
  self-reliant and able to take charge of their
  destiny
• Development of a mitigation and adaptation
  strategies to reduce vulnerabilities with special
  reference to climate change, erosion, flooding
  and other natural disasters
• Use of appropriate technologies, modern
  approaches and indigenous knowledge systems

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AGRARIAN TRANSFORMATION cont.

• Increased production and sustainable use of
  natural resources
• Livestock farming and related value chain
  development (exploring all possible species for
  food and economic activity)
• Cropping and related value chain development
  (exploring all possible species, especially
  indigenous plants, for food and economic
  activity)
• Strengthening rural livelihoods for vibrant local
  economic development. A livelihood is the means
  of living that rural people build through access
  to and use of the assets they need for this
  purpose.
• Food security, dignity and improved quality of
  life for each rural household

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RURAL DEVELOPMENT

• Rural development focuses on, but is not limited
  to the establishment of rural business,
  agro-industries, co-operatives, etc
• the empowerment of rural people and communities
  and
• the revitalization of old, and creation of new
  economic, social, and information and
  communication infrastructure, public amenities
  and facilities in villages and small rural towns,
  etc

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LAND REFORM

• Land reform focuses on reviewing the Restitution,
  Redistribution and Tenure Reform Programmes. All
  land reform programmes must therefore be linked
  to the CRDP.
• The establishment of the new Department of Rural
  Development and Land Reform has also re-confirmed
  Governments commitment to revitalize and develop
  rural areas and that land should be seen as a
  catalyst for poverty alleviation, job creation,
  food security and entrepreneurship.

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EMPLOYMENT CREATION MODEL

• Central to the three-pronged strategy is an
  employment creation model
• Para-development specialists train mentor
  selected unemployed community members. Using EPWP
  principles. Muyexe e.g. secure 1 job per
  household (900 jobs).
• Phase One (incubator)- meet basic needs
• Phase Two - entrepreneurial development
• Phase Three -small, micro and medium enterprises
  and village markets.

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CRDP MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
MINISTER OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND LAND
REFORM DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND LAND
REFORM Programme Development, policy and
legislation development and Coordination
Stakeholder commitments

OFFICE OF THE PREMIER CRDP Champion (MEC with
rural development function)
Stakeholder commitments
COUNCIL OF STAKEHOLDERS (Organs of civil society,
government, business, co-operatives,
beneficiaries, workers, community development
workers, traditional institutions, etc.)
Conditionalities, code of conduct disciplinary
panel
Household Co-operatives other enterprises
(groups of 20)
SOCIAL COHESION AND DEVELOPMENT

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ICT for rural development
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Purpose

• Create an information society especially amongst
  citizens who are rural poor, unemployed and in
  need of assistance.
• Enable citizens to access, utilise and share
  information and knowledge.
• Provide tools such as the Internet, e-mail,
  telephones, fax machines, photocopying machines
  etc. FREE OF CHARGE, to enable rural communities
  to become part of a global knowledge economy
• Provide and facilitate access to government
  services online.

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Benefits

• The project will provide access for disadvantaged
  communities to information on
• Government services
• Social benefits such as housing grants , social
  grants
• Education and business opportunities
• Agriculture and farming management and trends
• Creation and development of new businesses
• Job opportunities
• Skills development
• Government tenders
• Employment / income related information
• An e-Community Forum, per CRDP Site, consisting
  of 12 Members will be established and paid a
  stipend, resulting in 12 Direct Jobs and numerous
  indirect jobs depending on the projects started
  by the community.

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The way forward
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The way forward

• Continue with the role out of the e RAP in all
  CRDP Sites. Taking into account other existing
  but possibly under utilized infrastructure.
• Use of other technologies to support communities,
  e.g. apple i-schools programme, digital
  doorways, wireless mesh etc.
• Working with DOC and other departments in
  securing improved ICT infrastructure in rural
  schools.
• Working with DOC and other Stakeholders in
  Developing and Rural ICT Strategy
• Working with the DOC and other stakeholders in
  establishing long-term community facilities for
  broad casting educational programmes and sport
  events, i.e. Township TV

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POA ECONOMIC CLUSTER 2009 -2014 Outcome 7
Vibrant, Equitable, Sustainable Rural Communities
Food Security for All
Inclusive Economic Growth
Decent Employment
3. Rural Development and Sustainable Livelihoods
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Employ-ment
Income Level
Economic Growth
Equality

• Develop Rural Infrastructure

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Action
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• Sample Activities
• Conduct a study of developmental linkages between
  rural towns and surrounding communities
• Facilitate the construction/ rehabilitation of
  social, economic, ICT and public amenities
  infrastructure
• Facilitate joint infrastructure programmes with
  relevant stakeholders including detailed
  implementation schedules
• Establish e-centres in all sites
• Facilitate community access to data networks to
  access business and internet services
• Forge partnerships with private and public
  institutions for delivery of ICT infrastructure

Activity Indicators

• Study indicating developmental linkages between
  rural towns and surrounding communities completed
  by 31 March 2010
• Existing irrigations schemes revitalized (DAFF)
• Improved access to water for smallholder farmers
  (DAFF and DWAE)
• 1 clinic per CRDP site (160)
• household access to communication networks
  (internet, broadcast media, cellular/landline/hard
  ware/ software) in CRDP sites(50)
• Basic social, economic and ICT infrastructure in
  place on all CRDP sites 160 sites
• Number of joint infrastructure programmes
  facilitated with relevant departments
  (transport, Water, energy, agriculture, housing,
  etc)
• reduction in rural infrastructure backlog
• 2010 Soccer World Cup Viewing Parks on CRDP
  sites across the country (15)
• Alternative energy solutions implemented in all
  CRDP sites (160)

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Conclusion
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The success depends onActions and commitments
of relevant sector departments within all the
spheres of governmentJoint planning, resource
allocation and implementation of agreed rural
initiativesPartnership with local government and
alignment with Integrated Development Plans
(IDP)Increased Public Private Partnerships in
support of rural developmentenhanced role of
traditional leaders, NGOs and civil society in
the implementation of the CRDP.

• The success depends on
• Actions and commitments of relevant sector
  departments within all the spheres of government
• Joint planning, resource allocation and
  implementation of agreed rural initiatives
• Partnership with local government and alignment
  with Integrated Development Plans (IDP)
• Increased Public Private Partnerships in support
  of rural development
• enhanced role of traditional leaders, NGOs and
  civil society in the implementation of the CRDP.

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Conclusion

• We derive our Mandate and Strategic Direction
  from the Manifesto of the ruling party and the
  Priorities of the MTSF 2009
• Our vision is to see vibrant and sustainable
  rural communities the CRDP is the vehicle that
  will take us there
• The pilots in Giyani (Limpopo), Riemvasmaak (NC)
  and other Provinces will enable us to come up
  with an evidence based integrated approach to the
  CRDP
• We need commitment and cooperation from other
  State Departments, Municipalities and other
  relevant and critical Stakeholders, including
  NGOs, Research Institutions and Centers of
  learning
• Must share available resources, reprioritize and
  optimize use of available resources (human and
  financial)
• Working together we
  can do more,

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