Advances in Genetics review questions

1
Advances in Genetics review questions

• By Ms. Shaughnessy and blue team students

2
1. If the human insulin gene is introduced into
a bacterium, what will happen?

• A. The bacterium mutates and makes a whole
  different organism
• B. The bacterium dies immediately
• C. The bacterium will reproduce and make lots of
  insulin
• D. The bacterium will stop reproducing

3
Answer

• C. The bacterium will reproduce and make lots of
  insulin

4
2. What is the goal of hybridization?

• A. To make a clone exactly like parents
• B. to make a clone with all the traits of its
  mother
• C. To make an offspring with the good traits,
  only, from both parents
• D. To record all the DNA in the human genome

5
Answer

• C. To make an offspring with the good traits,
  only, from both parents

6
3. How are selective breed-ing, cloning and
genetic engi- neering similar? (hint- think goals)
7
Answer

• They are all methods used to get offspring with
  desired traits

8
4. When you clone animals, they

1. Act exactly the same
2. Look exactly the same
3. Have the same DNA
4. All of the above

9
Answer

• C. Have the same DNA

10
5. Explain how genetic engineers can use
bacteria to help people with diabetes.
11
Answer

• You can insert the human gene for insulin into a
  plasmid of a bacterium. That bacterium will then
  produce insulin. Because it can reproduce
  quickly, it can make many more bacteria that can
  also make the insulin protein needed by people
  with diabetes.

12
6. How are bacteria used in genetic engineering?

• A. Human DNA is inserted into the plasmid so the
  bacterium produces a sugar called glucose.
• B. Plasmids are taken from bacteria and inserted
  into humans to make insulin.
• C. Human DNA is inserted into the plasmid of
  bacteria so they produce a protein called insulin.

13
Answer

• C. Human DNA is inserted into the plasmid of
  bacteria so they produce a protein called insulin.

14
7. An Empire apple is made from two different
apples Red Delic-ious and McIntosh. This is an
example of

• A. Hybridization
• B. Cloning
• C. Inbreeding
• D. Genetic engineering

15
Answer

• A. Hybridization

16
8. In Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT), what
does somatic cell mean?

• A. Egg cell
• B. Sperm cell
• C. Egg and sperm cells
• D. Any cell other than egg and sperm

17
Answer

• D. Any cell other than egg and sperm

18
9. Put the following steps of SCNT in order

• A. Implant the embryo in the surrogate mother
  who will give birth to the clone
• B. Transfer the DNA from the somatic cell of the
  animal you want cloned into the egg
  whose nucleus has been removed. Stimulate cell
  division.
• C. Remove and discard the nucleus from the egg
  cell that was taken from the egg donor.

19
Answer

• C,B,A

20
10. How does the goal of hybridization differ
from the goal of inbreeding?
21
Answer

• In inbreeding, your goal is to make offspring
  with the same desirable traits as the parents
• In hybridization, you want to get an offspring
  that combines the desirable traits of each
  parent, but doesnt have the negative traits.

22
11. What is gene therapy?

• A. Sequencing the whole base pair genome of a
  human body cell.
• B. Inserting a working copy of a gene directly
  into a person with a genetic disease who doesnt
  have a working copy.
• C. Crossing two similar organisms so you can get
  an offspring with desired traits

23
Answer

• B. Inserting a working copy of a gene directly
  into a person with a genetic disease who doesnt
  have a working copy.

24
12. Circle the method(s) people have used to
develop organisms with desired traits

• A. Cloning
• B. Selective breeding
• C. Inbreeding
• D. Genetic engineering
• E. Gene therapy
• F. hybridization

25
Answer

• A. Cloning
• B. Selective breeding
• C. Inbreeding
• D. Genetic engineering
• E. Gene therapy
• F. hybridization

26
13. What is an advantage of cloning cattle?

• A. Having a diverse herd of cattle
• B. Producing a herd of disease-resistant cattle
• C. They are cost effective and delicious to eat

27
Answer

• B. Producing a herd of disease-resistant cattle

28
14. Inbreeding is

• A. Making exact genetic copies
• B. Breeding indoors
• C. Crossing 2 animals with similar traits
• D. Crossing 2 animals with different traits

29
Answer

• C. Crossing 2 animals with similar traits

30
16. Which of these is NOT a way to produce
organisms with desirable traits?

• A. Selective breeding
• B. DNA fingerprinting
• C. Genetic engineering
• D. cloning

31
Answer

• B. DNA fingerprinting

32
17. Which disease is commonly found in clones

• A. Cancer
• B. Diabetes
• C. Large-offspring syndrome
• D. hemophilia

33
Answer

• C. Large-offspring syndrome

34
18. What was the first mammal cloned
successfully?

• A. Mouse
• B. Sheep
• C. Caterpillar
• D. Dog

35
Answer

• B. Sheep

36
19. Name 3 ways DNA fingerprinting can be used
in real life.
37
Answer

• Catch a criminal free an innocent person
  determine paternity or maternity identify
  skeletal remains

38
20. Which of the following is NOT a problem with
cloning?

• A. LOS- large-offspring syndrome
• B. High failure rate
• C. Disease-resistant herds with consistent meat
• D. Expensive cost

39
Answer

• C. Disease-resistant herds with consistent meat