The Cold War Expands

1
The Cold War Expands
2
The Korean War

• 38th Parallel
• North (Soviet) and South (American) Korea
• June 1950, North Korea troops move into South
  Korea
• Douglass MacArthur leads UN forces
• MacArthur
• UN pushes North Korea back

3
The Korean War (cont.)

• China
• MacArthurs Home by Christmas offensive
• China and North Korea push UN forces back
• Stalemate
• MacArthur fired
• Truman fires MacArthur for wanting to attack
  China
• Truce signed in 1953

4
The McCarthy Era (2nd Red Scare)

• Joseph McCarthy
• McCarthys Rise to Power
• Gained support during the Korean War
• Accused Sec. of State George Marshall of
  conspiracy
• McCarthys Fall
• Army-McCarthy hearings

5
The Cold War in the 1950s

• Dwight D. Eisenhower (Rep.) becomes President
• Containment policy
• Southeast Asia
• Eisenhower ends Korean War
• Vietnam
• Ho Chi Minh
• War between Vietnam and France
• Domino theory
• Support France in war
• Vietnam split between Communist north and
  anti-Communist south

6
The Middle East

• Israel
• 1948, official country
• Conflict between Jews and Arabs
• U.S. supports Israel USSR supports Arabs
• Iran
• CIA leads overthrow of pro-Communist leader
  restores Shah of Iran to power
• Suez Crisis (1956)
• Egypt seeks Soviet support U.S. cut off aid to
  Egypt
• Egypt seizes Suez Canal later Egypt attacked by
  France GB
• US persuades them to w/draw
• Eisenhower Doctrine
• U.S. use force to prevent Communist aggression in
  the Middle East

7
Latin America

• Rio Pact regional defense alliance against
  communism
• OAS (Organization of American States) increase
  cooperation
• CIA leads takeover of Guatemala (1954) leaning
  towards communism
• Fidel Castro takes over Cuba (1958)
• U.S. cut aid and stopped trade
• Cuba turns to the Soviet Union

8
The Arms Race

• The Growth of Nuclear Arsenals
• 1953, Soviet Union test hydrogen bomb
• UNs Atoms for Peace Plan find peaceful uses
  for nuclear energy
• Brinkmanship
• Sec. of State John Dulles U.S. willing to
  declare war to protect their interests
• Cold War in the skies
• ICBMs (Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles)
• Sputnik (1957) 1st satellite to orbit earth
• U-2 incident (May 1960) U.S. spy plan shot down