Continuity and Change in Modern Senegalese Society

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Continuity and Change in Modern Senegalese Society

• By
• Dr. Maimouna Barro
• Associate Director
• Center for African Studies
• University of Illinois

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Map of Africa
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Map of West Africa
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West African countries

• Benin (French)
• Burkina Faso (French)
• Cape Verde (Portuguese)
• Côte d'Ivoire (French)
• Gambia (English)
• Ghana (English)
• Guinea (French)
• Guinea-Bissau (Portuguese)
• Liberia (English)
• Mali (French)
• Mauritania (French)
• Niger (French)
• Nigeria (English)
• Senegal (French)
• Sierra Leone (English)
• Togo (French)

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Map of senegal
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Facts about Senegal

• Facts about the country
• Population Over 11 million people
• Area 76,000 square miles
• Major Ethnic groups Wolof (43.7), Pulaar (23),
  Serer(14), Joola
• (3.7), Mandinka (3.), Soninke (1.1)
• Official Language French
• Religions Muslims (94), Christians (5),
  Indigenous (1)
• Major Cities Dakar (capital city), Thies,
  Kaolack, Saint-Louis

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III-Historical Background

• A. Pre-colonial Senegal and West Africa The
  Heritage of Islam
• The Trans-Saharan Trade Islam in West Africa in
  the 8th Century
• The progressive Islamization of chiefdoms and
  large political units
• The 19th Century Jihads and the promotion of
  Literacy and Sufism

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Ouadane Mosque, Mauritania
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Chinguetti Mosque, Mauritania
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Agadez Mosque, Niger
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Dingeray Mosque, Timbuktu
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The Heritage of Islam
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The Heritage of Islam
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The Heritage of Islam

• When Timbuktu Was the Paris of Islamic
  Intellectuals in Africa

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The Heritage of Islam
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B. The Atlantic Slave Trade

• Trans-Atlantic Exports
  by Region 1650-1900
• Region Number of Slaves
• Senegambia 479,900 4.7
• Upper Guinea 411,200 4.0
• Windward Coast 183,200 1.8
• Gold Coast 1,035,600 10.0
• Blight Of Benin 2,016,200 19.7
• Blight Of Biafra 1,463,700 14.3
• West Central 4,179,500 40.8
• South East 470,900 4.6
• Total 1 0,240,200
• SourceLovejoy, P. Transformations In slavery,
  2000.

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Goree Island
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Goree Island, the door of no return(Senegal)
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C. The Colonial Era (1885-1945)

• French colonization A system of political,
  economic and cultural domination
• French Imperialism and Islam
• The Road to independence (1960) The role of
  Senegals elite

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Saint-Louis, Senegal (former capital of French
West Africa)Le pont Faidherbe
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Signare de Saint louis, Senegal
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IV- Government and Politics

• A long tradition of Democracy and Stability
• The 2000 Elections and the New Terrain of
  Alternance or Soppi
• Islam and Politics The role of the Sufi orders

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II-Modern Senegalese Society Continuity and
Change

• A homogenous and tolerant society
• A society between resistance and change
• Senegalese Islam The place of brotherhoods

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II-Modern Senegalese Society Continuity and
Change

• The Senegalese Intelligentsia
• Popular Culture and the Arts
• The Role and Status of women

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The Tivaoune Mosque, Senegal
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Touba Mosque, Senegal
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The Niassene Mosque, Kaolack
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III- The Challenges of a Dependent Economy

• Agriculture A declining economic sector
• Fishing A promising Sector
• Tourism A strategic Sector

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Dakar, La Porte du Troisième Millénaire (The Gate
to the 21st Century)
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Dakar, Senegals Capital city
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Conclusion Senegal in the New Global Era
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PCCI Call Center, Dakar
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Key Senegalese values

• TerangaHospitality
• TeginRespect
• Yarr Politeness

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Useful Internet Resources

• http//www.codesria.org/
• http//www.warc-croa.org/
• http//www.au-senegal.com/art_en/musee.htm
• http//www.ucad.sn/
• http//www.ugb.sn/accueil.htm
• http//www.aodl.org/ifan.php
• http//www.seneweb.com
• African Languages at UIUC (http//www.afrst.uiuc.e
  du/SCALI07.htm)