Diapositive 1

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THE SECURITY SITUATION IN THE NORTHWEST
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
The Enyele Conflict, Challenges and
Recommendations
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P R E S E N T A T I O N P L A N

• Introduction and General Context
• of the North West DRC,Equator
• Province
• The ENYELE Conflict Outbreak
• Outstanding facts chronology
• The Present and critical
• Humanitarian Situation
• Present and forthcoming
• challenges, Recommendations
• Conclusion

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• INTRODUCTION
• DRC, MOSAIC OF CULTURES AND ORIGINS
• 450 ethnic group,
• 3 main luinguistic group (Bantu,
• Sudanese, Nilotic beside pygmies),
• 250 dialects,among them the 4 most
• speaked natives languages lingala,
• kikongo, tshiluba and swahili
• FOR THE SOLE EQUATOR
• Mainly 02 ethnic groups with
• independents tribesBantu and Sudanese
• with predominance of bantu languages
• (22 dialects) ,most speaked is Lingala
• 27

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INTRODUCTION (CONT) DRC, FRAGILE STATE IN POST
CONFLICT SITUATION from post conflict situation
to a difficult peace building and stabilization
situation,through a reccurent and chronic
conflict situation laid on a crucial lack of
established authority in many parts of national
territory
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• INTRODUCTION (CONT)
• THE PARTICULAR CONTEXT OF EQUATOR PROVINCE,DRC
  NORTHWEST
• One of the widest DRC province
• The most natural,laid fallow since
• long,uncropped
• The most poor in basic
• infrastructures and local revenues
• Characterized since 2008 by the
• reappearance of Monkey Pox disease
  
• and floods beside critical social
• indicators since long

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• INTRODUCTION (CONT)
• Before the Enyele conflict,
• existence of refugees in neighbor
• countries and IDP in Equator
• province as consequence of
• previous conflicts the exiistence of
• former members of Bemba militias
• and former demobilized of DDR
• phase 1
• Some weapons hiding places

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• INTRODUCTION (CONT)
• Recurrent AND sporadic inter-
• communautarianl violences since
• long, because of limited vital
• resources and land conflict.

THE ABOVEMENTIONNED DIFFICULTIES OF CRITICAL
SOCIAL INDICATORS OF A JEOPARDIZED DEVELOPPMENT
AND COMPLEX SECURITY SITUATION HAD CONSTITUTED
THE BED FOR THE ENYELE CONFLICT
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THE ENYELE CONFLICT OUTBREAK

• A culture of fisherman's sided to an
• agriculture of living
• A conflict of natural ponds between two
• neighboring communities from Bantu
• ethnic group the Lobala
• tribe (also called Enyele) and Bamboma
• tribe called also Likola (or Boba), from
• respectively the Enyele and Monzaya
• villagesthe Enyele are straddling the
• Ubangui river between the DRC and RoC

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THE ENYELE CONFLICT OUTBREAK
The second half of October, a inter communitarian
dispute about fish ponds instigated by a former
and dismissed chief of sector, Edouard Bokoto,
encouraged and inspired by a fetisher, UDJANI
which pretend to have a magical power that he can
transmit to his adepts and their handed machetes
or other weapons, had degenerated in looting and
villages destruction, in all the territory of
Kungu with Dongo as epicenter, throwing out the
established authority of the state
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Outstanding facts chronology
1946 FIRST KNOWN BATTLE BETWEEN THE TWO TRIBES,
CRUSHED SEVERELY BY THE BELGIAN COLONIAL
AUTHORITY
March 2009 Violences broke out between the two
communities, 200 huts was burnt,around 1200
persons fled to RoC 29/30 October 2009 Violent
confrontations between enyele youngmen armed and
the Police which come to re establish order after
confrontations with blank weapon and firearms
between the ENYELE and the BAMBOMA after one
disput around natural ponds, 1st to 8th
November 2009 New violences ,police
reinforcements from Gemena ,Mbandaka and Kinshasa
was sent to Dongo, arrest of approximately one
hundred enyele youngmen
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Outstanding facts chronology
10th November 2009 MONUC observation mission
to assess the threat and settlement of a group of
20 MilObs in DONGO 17 to 20th November
2009 Rebels are spreading their action zone to
most of Kungu territory villages (Saba Saba,
south east of Dongo, Ngwanza,opposite side of RoC
town of Impfondo,Buburu and othersIDP are
reported in the neighbors district of Equator in
the territories of Bomongo,Bolomba
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Outstanding facts chronology
26th November 2009 MONUC logistic helico attack
by the rebels at Dongo ,5 persons wounded 29
November 2009 rebels reach Kungu 05 Décember
2009 Threat above gemena,half of the population
of this town flee to Gbadolite, Mbandaka or
Kinshasa, in one day
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Outstanding facts chronology
Early December 2009

• Police, FARDC and MONUC are planning joint
  operations to adress the conflict threat
  operations to be implemented on three axis
• NORTH AXIS , Gemena-Mbari-Libenge
• CENTRAL AXIS Gemena-Bozene-Kungu-Dongo, and
• SOUTH AXIS Mbandaka-Imesse along the river
  Ubangui, to sweep the Region from the rebels

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Outstanding facts chronology
16 December 2009 Effective deployment of the
task force constituted of 500 MONUC
peacekeeping troops from the Ghanaian,Tunisian
and Egyptian contingents as well as troops
from the Guatemalan Special Forces with light
boats to one side and of two battalions of
rapid reaction force,one battalion of navy
infantry and two battalions of police the other
side
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Outstanding facts chronology
13December 2009 resumption of Dongo by the
FARDC 16 December 2009 temporary operational
basis is functional in Dongo, as well as in
nearby Bozene Military for the operations
support Second half of December 2009 Intense
sweeping operations take place against the
rebels 3rd January 2010 According to
peacekeeping sources,157 Enyele rebels dead and
one dead and 14 wounded for the Gov forces
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The Present and critical Humanitarian Situation
WHILE THE SWEEPING OPERATIONS ARE GOING ON TO
FINISH WITH THE REBELS RUNNING AWAY,A
HUMANITARIAN CRISIS HAD TAKE PLACE
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PREVIOUS IDP AND REFUGEES SITUATION (BEFORE THE
CONFLICT)
3000 Rfg
8200 IDP
48000 Rfg
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Humanitarian Situation after the conflict
RUBRIC BEFORE AFTER
Infant mortality rate below five years 12.6 12
HIV / AIDS 4.2 5.3
Drinkable water coverage 35 27.8
Food insecurity 39 46
Areas access 35 14

• CROPS LOST
• UXOS INCREASE
• SEXUAL VIOLENCES AND
• UNACCOMPAGNIED KIDS
• SCHOOL DESTRUCTION AROUND ONE THOUSAND
• DEPRIVING OF SCHOOL AROUND 200,000 SCHOOLBOYS

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Present and forthcoming Challenges,
Recommendations
Present Challenges Recommendations
RETURN OF IDP AND THEIR REHABILITATION IN THEIR HOMELANDS A NATIONAL OWNERSHIP OF ALL THE HUMANITARIAN ACTION THROUGH ETATIC ACTION AND NATIONAL SOLIDARITY
DELIVERY OF HUMANITARIAN FOOD AND OTHER BASIC COMMODITIES A QUICK DELIVERY OF HUMANITARIAN ACTION IN THE CONFLICT AREA AND ITS NEIGHBORHOOD
CONFIDENCE RESTORATION IN THE ESTABLISHED AUTHORITY,THE ARMED FORCES AND THE POLICE PSYCHOLOGICAL, CIVIL MILITARY ACTIONS STRONG MEASURES AGAINST SECURITY ACTORS ABUSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS
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Present and forthcoming Challenges,
Recommendations
Future Challenges Recommendations
RETURN OF REFUGEES AND COMBATANTS AND THEIR REINTEGRATION CONSIDERATION OF A GLOBAL ADDDRESS OF THE REFUGEE AND COMBATANTS ON FOREIGN SOIL EXISTING IN THE NEIGHBOR COUNTRIES
EXTINCTION OF OUTBREAKS OF CONFLICTS IN EQUATOR PROVINCE AND NATIONWIDE FIXTURES INVENTORY OF INTERNAL THREATS FOR THE EQUATOR PROVINCE AND NATIOWIDE PARTICULARLY OUTSIDE THE EASTERN DRC AND PLAN OF PREVENTIVE SOLUTIONS
RISK OF REPETITION OF ETHNIC CONFLICTS NATIONWIDE IDEM
RECONCILIATION OF SECULAR ANTAGOINSMS PEACE CULTURE
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Conclusion
Sense of outrage and frustration arising among
the youth from the dilapidated socio-economic
state of our country in general after decades of
conflict ,may push to face unexpected reactions
to established authority The possible
successful recovery by the politicians of such
events may challenge the all actual little
benefits of the young Congolese democracy The
State should strengthen the presence of his
authority nationwide by concrete development
acts and also by the urgent going on of the SSR
which seem broken down to consolidate the
presence of the State
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T H A N K Y O U
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DRC EQUATOR PROVINCE FACTS SHEET BEFORE THE
CONFLICT
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DRC PRESENT AND POTENTIAL CONFLICTS ZONES