?1943?,McCulloch?Pitts??????????????? ? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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?1943?,McCulloch?Pitts??????????????? ?

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2.1 1943 McCulloch Pitts Hebb ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: ?1943?,McCulloch?Pitts??????????????? ?


1
???
  • ???

2
2.1 ??
  • ?1943?,McCulloch?Pitts??????????????? ?
  • ??????Hebb??????,??????????,?????????????????
  • Rosenblatt????????????,?????????(perceptron)?
  • ?????????????? (synaptic weights) ????
    (threshold) ???????? (neuron) ????
  • ????????????,??????????????????,??????????(classif
    ier)???

3
2.2 ??????? (1)
  • ?????????????????????????,???????? (hard limiter)
    ??,??2.1???
  • ????,????????????????,?????????
    1??,????????????,????????? -1?

?2.1?????????
4
2.2 ??????? (2)
  • ???????????????? 1,?????? C1 ??????????
    -1,?????? C2 ???
  • ????????????????,???????????????????

(2.2)
?2.2????????????????
5
2.3 ??????? (1)
  • ????????
  • ???????????,? w(0) ??????,??????? n
    ???1?
  • ??????????
  • ??n??????,?????? x(n),??????????
  • ??????????
  • ???
  • ????? n ?1??????

(2.11)
6
2.3 ??????? (2)
  • ????????,???????????????,??????????????,?????

?2.4????????????????(a)? d-1?y1 (b)?
d1?y-1 ?
7
??2.1??? (1)
???? x(n) ????? d(n)
(0, 0) T 1
(0, 1) T 1
(1, 0) T -1
(1, 1) T 1
??? ? ? 0.8,????????????? (0, 1), ??????sgn??,????
???-1
(1) n0
8
(1) n 1,
(2) n 2,
(3) n 3,
(4) n 4,
9
(5) n 5,
(6) n 6,
?2.5????????? 4, 5, 8 ?????????
10
??2.1??? (2)
  • ??????? ? ??? 0.1,?????????
  • ???????????????????,????????? -1,????????
    1,????,????????????????
  • ????,????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???

11
2.4 Widrow-Hoff ?? (1)
  • ???Widrow?Hoff?1960????????????? (Adaptive
    Linear Element ??? Adaline) ?????,???Widrow-Hoff??
    ???????? ?
  • ??? Adaline ???????????,??????????????,???????????
    ????,? Adaline ????????????????????????

?2.6Adaline ???????
12
2.4 Widrow-Hoff ?? (2)
  • ??????/???, ,
    ???????????
  • ???? Adaline ? LMS ????????????????
    ,??????? ???? (mean
    square) ??,??
    ????????????? Wiener-Hoff ??? ?
  • ?????? (mean-square error) ?
  • ?? E . ??????????

(2.17)
13
2.4 Widrow-Hoff ?? (3)
  • ??? ???(2.17)??????
  • ???????(2.19)???????????
  • 1. ????? d ??????(mean-square value)?
  • 2. ????? d ????? ?????????
    (cross-correlation function)?
  • 3. ????? ? ???????????
    (autocorrelation function)?

(2.18)
(2.20)
(2.21)
(2.22)
14
2.4 Widrow-Hoff ?? (4)
  • ???????????,??????(2.19)????
  • ??????? J ??? ????,????????????,?????????? p
    ????
  • ? ??? ????,??(2.24)???????????
    ??? p ???????
  • ????????Wiener-Hopf ????,???????????????????
    Wiener ????

(2.23)
(2.24)
(2.25)
15
2.4 Widrow-Hoff ?? (5)
  • ?(2.25)?????????????
  • ?? ,
    ???
  • ????????,?
    ???
  • ??????????
  • ????,Wiener-Hoff ??????
  • ???,?????????????????????????????,?????????? R
    ????,?????????????,??????????? LMS ???,????????
    Wiener-Hoff ????

(2.26)
(2.27)
16
2.4.1 ??????? (1)
  • ???????????? ??????? ????,???????(instantaneous
    estimates) ?????????????,???????????????
  • ??(2.21)??(2.22)????
  • ?? LMS ?????????,???? ?????????????????,??????

(2.28)
(2.29)
(2.30)
17
2.4.1 ??????? (2)
  • ??(2.28)??(2.29)???(2.30)????
    ,???????

(2.31)
????(2.31)?,??? ???
, ????(2.31)???????????
18
2.4.1 ??????? (3)
  • ????????,?
  • ????????? n 1,????
  • ?????????1,??????

19
2.4.1 ??????? (4)
  • ?????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????,????????? ??????
    ??,??????? LMS ???????????????,???????????????
    ?????? ?
  • 2. ???????????? (linearly inseparable) ????,LMS
    ???????????????????,????????????????,????????,????
    ??????,?????????????????????????????
  • 3. ??????????? (linearly separable)
    ?,????????????,????????????? LMS
    ????????,?????????????????,?????????????????

20
2.4.1 ??????? (4)
?2.7(a) ??????? (b) LMS ?????????
21
2.5 ??????? (1)
  • ????????????????,?????????,?????????????????(2.28)
    ??(2.29) ??? (2.23) ????
  • ??????????,J,??????????????????

22
2.5 ??????? (2)
  • ???????????2.8??????,????,???????????????????????,
    ??????????????????,???????????????????????????

 
?2.8?????????????
23
2.5 ??????? (3)
?2.8???????????
24
2.6 ???????? (1)
  • Gallant?????????(pocket algorithm) ?
  • ??????????????? ???
  • ?????????????? ,???????????
  • ?
  • ???
  • (a)?????????? ??????? ???????,?????????????,????
    ??????????
  • ?????????????,?? ???
    ,????????????????????
  • (b)?????????? ????? ????,???????????
    ?
  • ?????????

25
2.6 ???????? (2)
  • ???,??????????????????????,???????????????????????
  • ????????????????,???????????????
  • ???????????????,???????????????????AND???,????????
    ??????????? (convex) ??????
  • ????????????????????,??????????????AND???,????????
    ?????OR???,?????????? (concave)??????????????

26
2.6 ???????? (3)
  • ?????????????????????
  • ??????????,???????????????????????,???????????????
    ?,????AND?OR????

?2.9????????????????
27
2.7 ??
  • ??????????????????????????????,??????????????,
    ????????????
  • ???????,???????????????,????60?????,?????????????
    ???????????,?????????????????????????,????????????
    ,????????
  • ??80??????,??????????,?????????????????,??????????
    ????
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