Edible Earth Science Engaging Earth Science

1
Edible Earth ScienceEngaging Earth Science

• Presented by
• David Crowther and John Cannon
• University of Nevada, Reno (UNR)
• Lou Loftin and Kelly Cannon
• NWRPDP WCSD

2
Mystery Bag

• 20 Questions
• Only can answer Yes or No

3
Rock or Mineral ?

• Need 1 Silver Hershey Kiss
• Need 1 Gold Hershey Kiss
• Bite in Half
• Draw what you see
• Describe what you see

4
Definitions - Minerals

• Minerals Made from Elements or combination of
  elements, they are consistent throughout (same
  same).
• Few minerals are only single elements (elemental
  minerals) including Sulfur, Carbon, Silver, Gold,
  Copper
• Most minerals (_at_ 4000) are a combination of
  elements. (E.g.) Sodium Chloride - Which is
  Halite or common table salt.

5
Definitions Minerals Cont.

• 1. Must be naturally occurring
• 2. Must be inorganic
• 3. Must be a solid
• 4. Must possess an orderly internal structure
  (atoms arranged in a definite pattern)
• 5. Must have a chemical composition with minimal
  variation within specified limits

6
Definitions - Rocks

• Rocks are an aggregate (mixture) of one or more
  minerals, mineral-oids, glass, and even organic
  matter in various combinations.
• (E.g.) Feldspar, Quartz, Mica, and Hornblende
  make up Granite.
• Have one or more Phases phases are defined
  boundaries between minerals.

7
Rock Cycle SongSung to Row Row Row Your Boat

• Sed-im-entary,
• Meta-morphic too
• Igneous, Igneous, Igneous, Igneous,
• Thats the Rock Cycle!

8
Rock Song Sung to My Bonnie

• Oh Igneous rock starts as magma.
• It flows from deep under the sea.
• It cools and it sometimes forms crystals.
• And it can be found world round.
• Granite, Gabbro, Dolerite, Basalt and Obsidian
• Granite, Gabbro, These are igneous rocks
• Now some rocks are laid down in layers
• In the bottoms of oceans and lakes.
• It takes many years to compress them
• And sedimentary rocks it makes.
• Sandstone, Shale, Coal, and chalk and limestone,
• Sandstone, shale, these are sedimentary rocks.
• Oh, some rocks are called metamorphic
• Which means that the rock has been changed.
• It takes pressure and heat to change it
• And sometimes it looks kind of strange
• Marble, Slate, Garnets are found in metamorphic
  rock.
• Marble, Slate, these are metamorphic rocks.

9
3 Basic Kinds of Cookies / Rocks

• Using the baggie of Mothers cookies try to
  determine which rock represents each category
• Metamorphic Heat, Pressure Time
• Sedimentary laid down in layers over time
• Igneous Born of fire

10
Plate Tectonics

• Look at the world map? Do you see any patterns
  with the continents?
• How could they fit together?

11
(No Transcript)
12
Major Plates of the World
13
Plate Tectonics

• The Earth is constantly changing through two
  forces Constructive Destructive.
• Constructive forces are those that are Earth
  Building, like volcanoes and plate movement.
• Destructive forces are those that are recycling
  the Earth, like Earthquakes and plate movement.
• There are three main types of plate boundaries
• Convergent (Move toward one another)
• Subduction, collision,
• Divergent (Move away from one another)
• Transform (Slide horizontal from one another)

14
3 Kinds of Plate Boundaries
15
Plate TectonicsSeven Rules of Plate Tectonics

• 1. Continental Crust is less dense, or lighter,
  than Oceanic crust so it doesnt sink. It is
  never destroyed and it is permanent.
• 2. Oceanic Crust is heavier so it can sink below
  Continental crust. It is consistently being
  formed and destroyed at ocean ridges and trenches.

16
Plate TectonicsSeven Rules of Plate Tectonics

• 3. Continental crust can carry on beyond the
  edges of the land and finally end far below the
  sea. This explains why the edges of all the
  continents dont have deep trenches right up
  against their coast lines.
• 4. Plates never overlap, unless under very rare
  conditions (i.e. Rocky Mountains). This means
  that they must either collide and both be pushed
  up to form mountains, or one of the plates must
  be pushed down into the mantle and be destroyed.

17
Plate TectonicsSeven Rules of Plate Tectonics

• 5. There can never be gaps between plates, so if
  two plates move apart, as in the middle of the
  Atlantic, new rock will be formed to fill the
  space.
• 6. We know the Earth isnt getting bigger or
  smaller, so the amount of new crust being formed
  must be the same as the amount being destroyed.

18
Plate TectonicsSeven Rules of Plate Tectonics

• Plate movement is very slow. This is partly why
  Wegeners original ideas were ignored. Nobody
  could see the continents moving. When the
  plates make a sudden movement we call it an
  earthquake, and it is the ONLY time we are
  directly aware of the plates moving.

19
Edible Earth movements

• Graham crackers
• Fruit roll ups
• Frosting
• Paper plate
• Small cup of water
• Look at world map

20
Conclusions

• What we have known for about 40 years still holds
  true. . .
• There is substantial evidence that children and
  teachers can explain scientifically and socially
  important science concepts in their own words
  when the concepts are presented in the hands-on
  manner and problem solving reference that Dr.
  Karplus invented in the learning cycle.
• A Love of Discovery The second career of Robert
  Karplus. (Fuller, 2002, p16).

21
Convergent Boundaries
22
Plate Tectonics

• Flip Book of Pangaea to Present
• Meat tray Plates. . . .

23
Evaluation

• Can a rock be a mineral? Why or why not?
• Can a mineral be a rock? Why or why not?

24
Gelatin Volcano Molds

• Homework 1
• See packet for directions

25
Science NotebooksCourtesy of Dinah Zike,
Dinah-Might Activities

• Take 5 sheets of plain computer paper
• Take one of them
• Fold it like a hamburger
• Measure 1 inch from each end on the spine mark
• Cut between the marks on the spine - like a
  sliver...
• Take the other 4 sheets
• Fold them like a hamburger
• Measure 1 inch from each end on the spine mark
• Cut from 1 inch mark to the end of spine on each
  end
• Roll last 4 sheets - like a burrito - insert
  into slot in first paper -unfold - wallah - you
  have a book!!

26
National Science Education Standards
27
KWL or THC

• Know to Think about Rocks and minerals
• Want to learn to what I think? How can I find out
  
• (Later) What Learned to What do I Conclude from
  activities, debriefing, discussion, and
  assessments.
• THINK
• HOW TO FIND OUT
• CONCLUDE

28
Rock Cycle Game

• Begin at any station
• Roll / visit at least 13 times
• Record your journey in notebook
• Write paragraph with at least three visits that
  shows the Desert
• Write story about your journey

29
Apple as Earth

• How is the apple like the Earth
• Explore the parts

30
Volcanoes

• Parts of a Volcano (p. 129)
• 3 Most common types of volcanoes
• Cinder Cone
• Composite
• Shield
• Cake Batter Lava Flows

31
What do we conclude?

• Which candy situation eroded the fastest,
  slowest? Why?
• What happens to rocks when they erode?

32
BSCS 5 E Learning Cycle

• Engagement Hook Introduces concept and
  activates prior knowledge (MYSTERY BAG)
• Exploration hands-on activity where experience
  allows construction of knowledge (HERSHEY KISSES)
• Explanation Through careful questioning,
  content is conveyed (ROCKS MINERALS)
• Elaboration A second hands-on learning
  experiene where the knowledge is used to extend
  new knowledge or practice new knowledge (EROSION)
• Evaluation both Formative (as you go) and
  Summative a project at the end etc.

33
History of Science Education

• Committee of 10 in 1910 suggested learning
  science become more meaningful
• 1958 Sputnik
• 1962 Robert Karplus visits daughters 2nd grade
  classroom
• Karplus changes careers
• Visits Jean Piaget Institute in Switzerland
• Birth of the Learning Cycle in SCIS Program

34
ABC ScienceActivity Before Content

• Karplus Atkin The Learning Cycle (Published in
  62, but named in 70)(Exploration, Invention,
  Discovery)
• Chester Lawsons (geneticist in Michigan 58)
  same discovery in Life Science brought to
  Berkeley to work on SCIS late 60s
• Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS) The
  5 E Learning Cycle
• National Science Education Standards (1996)
• Formal K- 12 Science Curriculum using Learning
  Cycle format (FOSS, SCIS 3, Delta Science
  Modules, TRACS, etc. (2000)
• 2004 how many schools using kits K-6 _at_ lt 50??

35
Challenge

• Make science engaging and fun
• Connect to prior knowledge and experience
• Use LOTS of hands-on experiences
• Use your ABC (Activity Before Content) or
  Learning Cycle.

36
Apple - A - Day

• List 20 things that you can learn from this apple
  using your 5 senses. . .

37
Apple - A - Day
38
Apple - A - Day

• Apple
• Apple
• Apple
• Apple

39
Fossils

• 8 sugar cubes
• Glue together with Hot Glue
• Cover up in cup with sand
• Pour water over
• Excavate. . .

40
History of Everything

• MYA Million Years Ago
• 1 MYA 1 millimeter
• (e.g. 40 MYA 40,000,000 4 centimeters)
• Make a timeline of everything
• Look at bookmark
• Compare Geological Periods to timeline

41
Erosion Activity

• 3 groups lots of hard candy
• Slow moving stream (candy in place between teeth
  and swish)
• Rock Tumblers (move candy all around mouth
  use tongue but no biting!)
• Rocks with rocks (Bite candy into bits and
  swish all around)

42
Process Skills of Science Peanut Processes

• Inquiry
• Observation,
• Communication (written oral)

43
Rocks Minerals Flip Book

• Make 2 flip book
• Rocks Minerals on Cover
• Draw rock and Mineral Kiss
• Describe the kisses
• Venn Diagram (on back)