Unit 2: Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt, and Kush

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Unit 2 Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt, and Kush

• Chapter 3 Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent
  51-77

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Bell Work9-9

• P. TN10 (1-5)

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Bell Work 9/10Societal ChangesInstructions
List features of the following societies. Leave
cities blank and we will come back to it.
Characteristics ____________
Characteristics ______________
Characteristics _______________
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Chapter 3 Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent

• The first civilizations grew up in river valleys
  in Asia and Africa. Such valleys provided water
  and fertile land for farming. In the region of
  the Tigris and Euphrates river valley, the
  Sumerians developed the worlds first
  civilization.

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Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent

• Early farming villages were not technologically
  advanced.
• As the communities grew more food, their
  settlements grew in size. What inventions,
  technology, or organizations would be needed in
  the community as it grows?

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Chapter 3 Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent

• Fertile Crescent
• Silt
• Irrigation
• Canals
• Surplus
• Division of Labor

• Rural
• Urban
• City-State
• Gilgamesh
• Sargon
• Empire
• Polytheism
• Priests
• Social Hierarchy

• Cuneiform
• Pictographs
• Scribe
• Epics
• Architecture
• Ziggurat

• Monarch
• Hammurabis Code
• Chariot
• Nebuchadnezzar
• Alphabet

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Civilization
A civilization is a society with cities, a
central government, workers, who specialize in
certain jobs leading to social classes, that has
religion, writing, art, and architecture. There
is no civilization without agriculture
societies need a stable food supply before they
can develop. A civilization is made up of many
parts. We will use the acronym G.R.A.P.E.S. to
remember them! Geography Where is the
civilization? What sort of crops can they grow?
What natural resources do they have? Religion
What do the people believe? How do their beliefs
affect their lives? Achievements What did they
contribute to the world? What did they invent?
What did they build (architecture)? Politics
What was their government like? Who made the
decisions in the society? Economy - -How did the
society distribute their resources? Did they
trade or use money? What did they sell or trade?
What did they need to get from outside of their
civilization? Social Structures What were their
social class systems? Who was considered more
important in their society? What were their art,
music, and recreation like?
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Flooding Silt
Mesopotamia
Fertile Crescent
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Fertile CrescentMesopotamia (land between the
rivers)

• Draw a quick sketch of the Fertile Crescent with
  labels.
• Fertile Crescent (color this area green)
• Asia Minor
• Arabian Peninsula
• Persian Gulf
• Mediterranean Sea
• Mesopotamia
• Tigris and Euphrates River
• Africa

• P. 55

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Farming Community Activity

• Part I Sketch a small farming community in its
  early stages (color 1)

• Add irrigation to your community (color 2)

• Add surplus of food to your community (color 3)

• Surplus of food leads to a division of labor. Add
  division of labor (color 4)

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Bell WorkHappy Patriots Day9/11

• What is the acronym for characteristics of a
  civilization and what does each letter stands
  for?
• What region did the first civilization choose to
  settle?
• How did Mesopotamians control the floods that
  destroyed crops, killed livestock, and washed
  away homes?

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Things You Should Have Included in Your Farming
Community Sketch

• Wood/Mud Houses
• Crops
• Water Source
• Megalith

• Water Diverting From the Water Source to Crops

• Added Food Sources throughout the community

• People in the community doing chores making
  pottery, cropping, taming animals, building
  canals, building homes

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How might big construction projects like the
building of canals and large buildings lead to
laws and government?
Farming settlements grew in size and complexity.
They gradually developed into cities between 4000
and 3000 BC.
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Go Back and fill in characteristics or features
of a civilization
Characteristics ____________
Characteristics ______________
Characteristics _______________
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Quick Review

• What is the acronym for characteristics of a
  civilization and what does each letter stands
  for?
• What region did the first civilizations choose to
  settle?
• How did Mesopotamians control the floods that
  destroyed crops, killed livestock, and washed
  away homes?
• What lead to the creation of laws and
  governments?

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Bell Work9/12 and 9/13

• Match the following with the correct term from
  Chapter 3-1
• a mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks
• type of arrangement in which each worker
  specializes in a particular task or job
• a way of supplying water to an area of land
• a large arc of rich, or fertile, farmland
• more than needed
• between the rivers
• human-made waterways
• Read pages 58-59. Complete the questions on page
  59. Please answer the questions in complete
  sentences.

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Page 59-60
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Academic Vocabulary Quiz

• You will need
• 1 Sheet of Paper
• Writing Utensil

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Part I- Correctly spell the word given beside the
number.Part II Put the word that correctly
matches the definitions below.

1. -
2. -
3. -
4. -
5. -
6. -
7. -
8. -
9. -
10. -
11. being the first or earliest of the kind or in
    existence
12. growth or progress
13. a rapid spread or increase in the occurrence of
    something
14. a member of the Eskimo peoples inhabiting
    northernmost North America from northern Alaska
    to eastern Canada and Greenland
15. a prominent or conspicuous part or characteristic
16. the striking of one thing against another
    forceful contact collision
17. to divide and give out in shares deal out allot
18. mutual relation of two or more things or parts
19. to introduce something new make changes in
    anything established

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Chapter 3-2The Rise of Sumer (Page 60-64)

• Moveable Groups Rules
• You may only take your composition books as you
  move to the next group
• You must work together/stay together as you
  answer the questions in each section
• Write your answers in complete sentences
• You will have 6 minutes per group/when the music
  starts to play, it is time to move to the next
  group (counter-clockwise)/when the music goes
  off, you should be in a seat

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3-2 Moveable Group Questions

• Chapter 3-2 (60-64)
• Group 1-You do not have to write the questions
  however, write answers incomplete sentences.
• What area in Southern Mesopotamia was known as
  the worlds first civilization?
• Where and how did most Sumerians live?
• As cities grew, they formed city-states. What
  were city-states and how did they get along with
  each other?
• Which Sumerian king became a legendary figure in
  Sumerian literature? Where was this legendary
  figure from?
• Looking at page 70-71, what was the worlds
  oldest written epic?
• Group 2-You do not have to write the questions
  however, write answers incomplete sentences.
• What group of people lived north of Sumer and how
  were they different from the Sumerians?
• Though they lived in peace for many years, in the
  2300s, the peace broke. Why did the peace break
  between the Sumerians and the Akkadians?
• What was the capital of the Akkadian Empire?
• How was Sargon able to build the first empire and
  how far did it stretch?
• On page 62-63, study The City-State of Ur picture
  and answer the question on page 63.
• Group 3-You do not have to write the questions
  however, write answers incomplete sentences.
• What was the basis of all Sumerian society?
• Sumerians were polytheistic. What is polytheism?
• What kind of powers did Sumerians believe their
  gods possessed?

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• What was Enhenduanna the first to do? Why might
  Enheduanna have had an easier time than other
  women in becoming a writer?

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(No Transcript)
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Bell Work 9/16Epic of Gilgamesh

• Read this Primary Source and answer the questions
  on page 71.

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Complete the Chart BelowSumer
G.________
R. ________
A. ________
P. ________
E. ________
S. ________
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Picture Ziggurat at Urp. 51

• Mesopotamian temples known as ziggurats served as
  places of worship and were the largest, most
  important buildings in their cities. The photo
  here shows one of the most famous Mesopotamian
  ziggurats, the ziggurat at Ur. The ruins of the
  ancient Sumerian temple, believed to have been
  built in about 2100BC, are located near the
  present-day city of Nasiriyah, in southeastern
  Iraq. Attempts at restoring the ziggurat took
  place in the 1930s, but only the lower level of
  the temple was restored.

What types of technology or knowledge were
probably needed to build this temple?